实验环境:
mysql-proxy服务端: xuegod1 IP:192.168.10.31
mysql服务器(主,负责写)服务端:xuegod2 IP:192.168.10.32
mysql服务器(从,负责读)客户端:xuegod3 IP:192.168.10.33
1 部署MYSQL-PROXY服务端xuegod1
1.1 安装mysql-proxy
安装前需要系统支持LUA语言环境:
[root@xuegod1 ~]# yum install lua
安装mysql-proxy:
推荐采用已经编译好的二进制版本,因为采用源码包进行编译时,最新版的MySQL-Proxy对automake,glib以及libevent的版本都有很高的要求,而这些软件包都是系统的基础套件,不建议强行进行更新。
并且这些已经编译好的二进制版本在解压后都在统一的目录内,因此建议选择以下版本:
[root@xuegod1 ~]# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-Proxy/mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-el6-x86-64bit.tar.gz
[root@xuegod1 ~]# tar -xf mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-el6-x86-64bit.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@xuegod1 local]# mv mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-el6-x86-64bit/ mysql-proxy
1.2 修改系统环境变量
[root@xuegod1 ~]# vim /etc/profile
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/:/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
[root@xuegod1 ~]# source !$
source /etc/profile
mysql-proxy 脚本配置文件位置
[root@xuegod1 ~]# mv mysql-proxy /usr/local/
[root@xuegod1 ~]# ls /usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/
1.3 修改配置文件实现读写分离
[root@xuegod1 ~]# vim /usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/rw-splitting.lua
将
40 min_idle_connections = 4,
41 max_idle_connections = 8,
修改为:
2 创建数据库和表,用于实现读操作
xuegod2和xuegod3安装mysql-community-server 5.6
1.1 在xuegod2上创建数据库和表
[root@xuegod2 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql> create database db;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> use db;
Database changed
mysql> create3 table test(id int);
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'create3 table test(id int)' at line 1
mysql> create table test(id int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)
mysql> insert into test values(64);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> grant all on db.* to user1@'%' identified by "123456";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
1.2 在xuegod3上创建数据库和表
mysql> create database db;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> use db;
Database changed
mysql> create table test(id int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> insert into test values(65);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> grant all on db.* to user1@'%' identified by "123456";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
启动服务MYSQL-PROXY服务
[root@xuegod1 ~]# mysql-proxy --proxy-read-only-backend-addresses=192.168.10.33:3306 --proxy-backend-addresses=192.168.10.32:3306 --proxy-lua-script=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/rw-splitting.lua &
[1] 1987
[root@xuegod1 ~]# 2017-05-10 07:02:13: (critical) plugin proxy 0.8.5 started
3 启动服务MYSQL-PROXY服务
[root@xuegod1 ~]# mysql-proxy --proxy-read-only-backend-addresses=192.168.10.33:3306 --proxy-backend-addresses=192.168.10.32:3306 --proxy-lua-script=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/rw-splitting.lua &
[1] 1603
[root@xuegod1 ~]# 2017-05-10 20:11:42: (critical) plugin proxy 0.8.5 started
查看proxy是否启动:
[root@xuegod1 ~]# lsof -i :4040
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
mysql-pro 1603 root 9u IPv4 12023 0t0 TCP *:yo-main (LISTEN)
4 测试读写分离
4.1 测试读操作
[root@xuegod1 ~]# mysql -uuser1 -p123456 -P4040 -h 192.168.10.31
mysql> use db;
查询
mysql> select * from test;
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 64 |
+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
再开一个客户端窗口登录mysql查询
mysql> select * from test;
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 65 |
+------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
两个窗口都查到xuegod3上的数据
##看不到xuegod3的数据,可以看到刚写入的数据,说明写操作成功。 因为是第一个客端连接,还没有启动读写分离,所以select读时,没有看到xuegod3的数据,而是看到主上xuegod2的数据。
接下来,多打开几个客户端测试一下读。注:第一个链接,一定是走backend 主mysql服务器的。
4.2 测试写操作
插入一条数据66
mysql> insert into test values(66);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
查到的是xuegod2上的65
mysql> select * from test;
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 65 |
+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
这说明读写分离测试成功。 但是数据还没有保持同步。 保持数据同步,可以通过mysql主从来实现。
4.3 查看客户端连接状态
mysql> show processlist;
+----+-------+------------------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info |
+----+-------+------------------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| 2 | user1 | xuegod1.cn:42636 | db | Sleep | 1073 | | NULL |
| 3 | user1 | xuegod1.cn:42638 | db | Sleep | 1162 | | NULL |
| 4 | user1 | xuegod1.cn:34547 | db | Query | 0 | init | show processlist |
| 5 | user1 | xuegod1.cn:34549 | db | Sleep | 332 | | NULL |
+----+-------+------------------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
5 部署mysql主从并实现读写分离
在之前的基础上配置主从
5.1 配置XUEGOD2为MASTER
5.1.1 修改配置文件
在配置文件中添加如下几行:
[root@xuegod2 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
log-bin=mysql-bin-master #启用二进制日志
server-id=1 #本机数据库ID 标示
binlog-do-db=db #可以被从服务器复制的库。二进制需要同步的数据库名
binlog-ignore-db=mysql #不可以被从服务器复制的库
5.1.2 授权
[root@xuegod2 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456;
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to slave@10.10.10.65 identified by "123456";
5.1.3 删除test表,重启mysql服务
mysql> use db;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> drop table test;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
[root@xuegod2 ~]# service mysqld restart
Stopping mysqld: [ OK ]
Starting mysqld: [ OK ]
5.2 配置XUEGOD3为SLAVE
5.2.1 修改配置文件
在配置文件中添加如下配置:
[root@xuegod3 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
server-id=2
mysql 5.1版本需添加如下几行配置:
master-host=192.168.1.63 #指定主服务器IP地址
master-user=slave #指定定在主服务器上可以进行同步的用户名
master-password=123456 #密码
重启服务:
[root@xuegod3 ~]# service mysqld restart
Stopping mysqld: [ OK ]
Starting mysqld: [ OK ]
5.2.2 修改slave的主
mysql>stop slave;
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.10.32',master_user='slave',master_password='123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.04 sec)
5.2.3 删除test表,启动slave
mysql> use db;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> drop table test;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.10.32
Master_User: slave
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin-master.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 120
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 290
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin-master.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 120
Relay_Log_Space: 464
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: b9f08209-350d-11e7-b224-000c2978dedd
Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
6 主从同步测试
6.1 mysql主数据库xuegod2插入数据
mysql> use db;
Database changed
mysql> create table admin(id int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> insert into admin values(2);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
6.2 mysql主从数据库xuegod2/xuegod3上查看同步的数据
主服务器:
mysql> select * from admin;
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 2 |
+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
从服务器:
mysql> use db;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> select * from admin;
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 2 |
+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
6.3 测试
同步后,测试使用MYSQL-PROXY 能否读到同样的数据。
在其他测试机上测试:
[root@xuegod1 ~]# mysql -uuser1 -p123456 -P4040 -h 192.168.10.31 -e 'select * from db.admin;'
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 2 |
+------+
停掉从服务器,stop slave 测试插入数据看看读写分离
#可以查看到admin中的63记录,说明mysql+proxy+主从读写分离成功。
插入数据测试:
mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> use db;
Database changed
mysql> insert into admin values(3);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from admin;
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 2 |
| 3 |
+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
在xuegod1和xuegod2上查看都有
当我们SLAVE挂掉后咋样呢
设立mysqlproxy+主主,查看一个宕掉的情况
模拟故障:从服务器挂掉了
[root@xuegod3 ~]# service mysqld stop
在mysql-proxy上测试读写
mysql> insert into admin values(4);
mysql> select * from admin;
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 2 |
| 3 |
| 4 |
+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
xuegod2上查看连接状态,确认关闭slave后,读写都是访问xuegod2
总结:当停止掉 slave 数据库,proxy 的查询就会转移到 master 上,当把 slave 启动后,proxy 依然在读 master,当有新的链接进来的时候才会重新去读取
slave 的数据。有时可能需要重启下 mysql-proxy。
如果主数据库挂了:
主从也没了,在mysql-proxy上只能查看数据
[root@xuegod1 ~]# mysql -uuser1 -p123456 -P4040 -h 192.168.10.31 -e 'select * from db.admin;'
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 2 |
| 3 |
| 4 |
+------+
在xuegod2上插入一条数据,在xuegod1,2,3上都可以查到
mysql> insert into admin values (6);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> mysql> select * from admin;
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 2 |
| 3 |
| 4 |
| 5 |
| 6 |
+------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
7 其他
停掉proxy
可以查到进程然后杀掉进程,也可以killall mysql-proxy
mysql-proxy配置文件模板(地址根据实际环境修改)