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  • C# 实现复杂对象的序列化与反序列化

          (注:本篇文章是本人根据msdn,各位同行的心得再加上自己对序列化的一些想法汇集而成,如有不当,还请指教)
         
        序列化是将对象转换为容易传输的格式的过程。例如,可以序列化一个对象,然后使用 HTTP 通过 Internet 在客户端和服务器之间传输该对象。反之,反序列化根据流重新构造对象。这里主要介绍两种序列的方法:一是XML 序列化,二是Binary序列化。

             1.   XML序列

                XML 序列化仅将对象的公共字段和属性值序列化为 XML 流。XML 序列化不包括类型信息。例如,如果 Library 命名空间中有一个 Book 对象,将不能保证它会被反序列化为同一类型的对象。XML 序列化不转换方法、索引器、私有字段或只读属性(只读集合除外)。要序列化对象的所有字段和属性(公共的和私有的),请使用 BinaryFormatter,而不要使用 XML 序列化.XML 序列化中最主要的类是 XmlSerializer 类,它的最重要的方法是 Serialize 和 Deserialize 方法。我们可以利用它提供这两个方法实现对象的序列与反序列.下面我提供我自己编写的code,主要是用xmlserialize来实现对象的序列与反序列,代码如下:
       
             首先,声明两个用来序列的对象,一个用户设置对象和一个图层参数对象,用户设置对象包括了用户信息和一个图层列表:

     1/// <summary>
     2    /// 图层参数
     3    /// </summary>

     4    [Serializable]
     5    public class LayerPara
     6    {
     7        public int ID;
     8        public string MC;               // 中文名称
     9        public string Layer;            // 数据集名称
    10        public short GBCode;            // 分类码
    11        public short GeoType;           // 图层对应的几何类型, 11表示点图层,12表示线图层
    12        public int MinScale;            // 显示的最小比例尺
    13    }

    14    [Serializable]
    15    public class UserSetting
    16    {
    17        public string strUserName = "kandy";
    18        public string strUserPwd = "123456789";
    19        public List<LayerPara> userLayerParas;
    20    }

    21

         然后,声明一个进行序列与反序列的类,其中WriteDataToFile实现将文件写如本地指定的路径,ReadDataFormFile方法实现将文件从磁盘中读取:

    class Serialize
        
    {
            
            
    public List<UserSetting> m_LayerParamsList;
            
    public UserSetting userSetting;
            
    public Serialize()
            
    {
                
    this.ResetLayersInfo();
                
    this.WriteDataToFile(userSetting);
            }


            
    private void ResetLayersInfo()
            
    {
                m_LayerParamsList 
    = new List<UserSetting>();

                userSetting 
    = new UserSetting();
                userSetting.userLayerParas 
    = new List<LayerPara>();
                

                LayerPara layerPara 
    = new LayerPara();
                layerPara.ID 
    = 100;
                layerPara.MC 
    = "管点";
                layerPara.Layer 
    = "gd";
                layerPara.GBCode 
    = 4;
                layerPara.GeoType 
    = 5;
                layerPara.MinScale 
    = 100;

                userSetting.userLayerParas.Add(layerPara);
                
                   layerPara = new LayerPara();
                layerPara.ID 
    = 200;
                layerPara.MC 
    = "管线";
                layerPara.Layer 
    = "gx";
                layerPara.GBCode 
    = 5;
                layerPara.GeoType 
    = 6;
                layerPara.MinScale 
    = 100;

                userSetting.userLayerParas.Add(layerPara);
               
            }


            
    private void WriteDataToFile(UserSetting tempUserSetting)
            
    {
                
    if (tempUserSetting != null)
                
    {
                    
    try
                    
    {
                        
    string strSaveToPath = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;
                        strSaveToPath 
    = strSaveToPath + "UserLayerSetting.xml";
                        Stream stream 
    = new FileStream(strSaveToPath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.ReadWrite);
                        XmlSerializer xmlFormatter 
    = new XmlSerializer(typeof(UserSetting));
                        xmlFormatter.Serialize(stream, tempUserSetting);
                        stream.Close();

                        Console.WriteLine(
    " serialize is finished!");
                    }

                    
    catch (InvalidOperationException e)
                    
    {
                        Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
                    }

                }

            }


            
    public UserSetting ReadDataFormFile()
            
    {
                UserSetting setting 
    = new UserSetting();
                
    string strSaveToPath = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;
                strSaveToPath 
    = strSaveToPath + "UserLayerSetting.xml";

                
    bool isExist = this.IsExsitFileInAppPath(strSaveToPath);
                
    if (isExist)
                
    {
                    Stream stream 
    = new FileStream(strSaveToPath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite);
                    XmlSerializer formatter 
    = new XmlSerializer(typeof(UserSetting));
                    
    try
                    
    {
                        setting 
    = (UserSetting)formatter.Deserialize(stream);
                        Console.WriteLine(setting.strUserName);
                        Console.WriteLine(setting.strUserPwd);
                        
    foreach(LayerPara lp in setting.userLayerParas)
                        
    {
                            Console.WriteLine(lp.ID.ToString());
                            Console.WriteLine(lp.MC);
                            Console.WriteLine(lp.Layer);
                            Console.WriteLine(lp.GBCode.ToString());
                            Console.WriteLine(lp.GeoType.ToString());
                            Console.WriteLine(lp.MinScale);
                            Console.WriteLine(
    "\n");
                        }

                    }

                    
    catch (SerializationException e)
                    
    {
                        Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
                    }

                }

                
    else
                    Console.WriteLine(
    "File is not Exist!");

                
    return setting;
            }


            
    private bool IsExsitFileInAppPath(string strTempPath)
            
    {
                
    bool bExsit = false;
                bExsit 
    = File.Exists(strTempPath);
                
    return bExsit;
            }

            
        }

    现在我们就可以在Main()方法中进行调用了,下面是一个进行测试的类,包含了主程序的Main()方法:

    public class Testing
        
    {
            
    public static void Main()
            
    {
                Console.WriteLine(
    "Serialize is beginning");

                Serialize serialize 
    = new Serialize();
                serialize.ReadDataFormFile();
                Console.WriteLine(
    "Read have finished!");
                Console.Read();
                
            }

        }

       2.Binary序列
          这里主要谈的是BinaryFormatter,它位于System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary名字空间下,以二进制格式将对象或整个连接对象图形序列化和反序列化。个人认为BinaryFormatter比第一种方法更好用,它同样也有Serialize和DeSerialize方法,具体代码我就贴序列与反序列的代码了,其原理与过程都大致相同,下面是序列与反序列的代码:

    private void SaveLayerToAppPath(List<LayerPara> tempLayerParas)
            
    {
                
    if (tempLayerParas != null)
                
    {
                    
    string strSaveToPath=AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;
                    strSaveToPath
    =strSaveToPath+"layer.dat";
                    Stream stream 
    = new FileStream(strSaveToPath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None);
                    IFormatter formatter 
    = new BinaryFormatter();
                    formatter.Serialize(stream, tempLayerParas);
                    stream.Close();

                    Console.WriteLine(
    " serialize is success!");
                }

            }


            
    public List<LayerPara> ReadDataFormFile()
            
    {
                List
    <LayerPara> tempLayerPara = new List<LayerPara>();

                
    string strSaveToPath = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;
                strSaveToPath 
    = strSaveToPath + "layer.dat";

                
    bool isExist = this.IsExsitFileInAppPath(strSaveToPath);
                
    if (isExist)
                
    {
                    Stream stream 
    = new FileStream(strSaveToPath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.None);
                    BinaryFormatter formatter 
    = new BinaryFormatter();

                    
    try
                    
    {
                        tempLayerPara 
    = (List<LayerPara>)formatter.Deserialize(stream);
                        
    foreach (LayerPara lp in tempLayerPara)
                        
    {
                            Console.WriteLine(lp.ID.ToString());
                            Console.WriteLine(lp.MC);
                            Console.WriteLine(lp.Layer);
                            Console.WriteLine(lp.GBCode.ToString());
                            Console.WriteLine(lp.GeoType.ToString());
                            Console.WriteLine(lp.MinScale);
                        }

                    }

                    
    catch (SerializationException e)
                    
    {
                        Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
                    }

                }

                
    else
                    Console.WriteLine(
    "File is not Exist!");

                
    return tempLayerPara;
            }

       总结:主要是根据的实际项目需要了,看你适合哪种方法.

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/hanchan/p/832257.html
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