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  • 安装linux系统后调优及安全设置

    环境说明

    [root@server1 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
    CentOS release 6.9 (Final)
    [root@server1 ~]# uname -r
    2.6.32-696.el6.x86_64
    

    1、更改yum源:

    mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup        <<-备份系统自带yum源
    wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo  <<—国内使用阿里云yum源速度比较快
    wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-6.repo
    
    注:镜像官方网址http://mirrors.aliyun.com/
    
    如有自建yum仓可以更改成自建yum仓地址信息
    

    2、关闭selinux

    永久关闭(需要重启系统)
    sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
    
    临时关闭(无需重启)
    setenforce 0  
    数字0表示Premissive,即给出警告提示,不会阻止操作,相当于disabled
    数字1表示Enfocing,即表示SELinux为开启状态
    
    getenforce      <<-查看selinux当前状态
    

    3、关闭iptables

    /etc/init.d/iptables stop          <<-关闭iptables服务
    /etc/init.d/iptables status        <<-查看iptables状态
    chkconfig iptables off              <<—开机启动关闭

    4、精简开机启动

    chkconfig|egrep -v "crond|sshd|network|rsyslog|sysstat"|awk '{print "chkconfig",$1,"off"}'|bash       <<-关闭服务
    chkconfig --list|grep 3:on       <<-检查开机启动的服务
    

    5、更改字符集(选做)

    cp /etc/sysconfig/i18n /etc/sysconfig/i18n.ori
    echo 'LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8"'  >/etc/sysconfig/i18n 
    source /etc/sysconfig/i18n
    echo $LANG
    

    6、普通用户提权(mmod)

    useradd mmod
    echo 123456|passwd --stdin mmod
    cp /etc/sudoers /etc/sudoers.ori
    echo "mmod  ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL " >>/etc/sudoers
    tail -1 /etc/sudoers
    visudo -c
    

    7、时间同步

    echo '#time sync by mmod at 2015-2-1' >>/var/spool/cron/root
    echo '*/5 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate time.nist.gov >/dev/null 2>&1' >>/var/spool/cron/root
    crontab -l
    
    注:集群中有时间服务器,更改成时间服务器地址
    

    8、命令行安全(选配)

    设置闲置账号超时时间
    echo 'export TMOUT=300' >>/etc/profile
    
    命令行历史记录数
    echo 'export HISTSIZE=5' >>/etc/profile
    echo 'export HISTFILESIZE=5' >>/etc/profile
    tail -3 /etc/profile
    ./etc/profile
    

    9、加大文件描述

    echo '*               -       nofile          65535' >>/etc/security/limits.conf 
    tail -1 /etc/security/limits.conf 
    

    10、内核优化

    cat >>/etc/sysctl.conf<<EOF
    net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 2
    net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
    net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
    net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
    net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 600
    net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 4000    65000
    net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 16384
    net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 36000
    net.ipv4.route.gc_timeout = 100
    net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 1
    net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 1
    net.core.somaxconn = 16384
    net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 16384
    net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 16384
    #以下参数是对iptables防火墙的优化,防火墙不开会提示,可以忽略不理。
    net.nf_conntrack_max = 25000000
    net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max = 25000000
    net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_tcp_timeout_established = 180
    net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_tcp_timeout_time_wait = 120
    net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_tcp_timeout_close_wait = 60
    net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_tcp_timeout_fin_wait = 120
    EOF    
    sysctl –p       <<-配置完成后查看
    

    11、下载安装基础软件

    yum install lrzsz nmap tree dos2unix nc -y
    

    12、定时清理邮件服务临时目录垃圾文件

    centos 5版本
    find /var/spool/clientmqueue/ -type f | xargs rm -f
    
    centos 6.x版本
    find /var/spool/postfix/maildrop/ -type f | xargs rm -f
    
    写成脚本,做定时任务
    mkdir -p /server/scripts/
    echo "find /var/spool/postfix/maildrop/ -type f | xargs rm -f " > /server/scripts/del_mailfile.sh
    
    echo "00 00 * * * /bin/bash  /server/scripts/del_mailfile.sh > /dev/null  2>&1"
    

      

     

     

     

    可可西里
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/hanyuke/p/7876040.html
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