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  • Linux LVM全面实践

    1.磁盘分区

    [root@ol6-121-rac1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
    Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xd8bb2864.
    Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
    After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.
    
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    
    WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
             switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
             sectors (command 'u').
    
    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-1305, default 1): 
    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-1305, default 1305): +5G
    
    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
    Partition number (1-4): 2
    First cylinder (655-1305, default 655): 
    Using default value 655
    Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (655-1305, default 1305): 
    Using default value 1305
    
    Command (m for help): p
    
    Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
    255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk identifier: 0xd8bb2864
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/sdb1               1         654     5253223+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb2             655        1305     5229157+  83  Linux
    
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    [root@ol6-121-rac1 ~]# partprobe 
    Warning: WARNING: the kernel failed to re-read the partition table on /dev/sda (Device or resource busy).  As a result, it may not reflect all of your changes until after reboot.
    Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system).  /dev/sr0 has been opened read-only.
    [root@ol6-121-rac1 ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb
    
    Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
    255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk identifier: 0xd8bb2864
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/sdb1               1         654     5253223+  83  Linux
    /dev/sdb2             655        1305     5229157+  83  Linux

    2.创建PV

    
    
    [root@ol6-121-rac1 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb{1,2}
    
    
      Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created
      Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created
    [root@ol6-121-rac1 ~]# pvscan
      PV /dev/sda2   VG vg_ol6121rac1   lvm2 [11.51 GiB / 0    free]
      PV /dev/sdb1                      lvm2 [5.01 GiB]
      PV /dev/sdb2                      lvm2 [4.99 GiB]
      Total: 3 [21.50 GiB] / in use: 1 [11.51 GiB] / in no VG: 2 [10.00 GiB]
    [root@ol6-121-rac1 ~]# pvdisplay
      --- Physical volume ---
      PV Name               /dev/sda2
      VG Name               vg_ol6121rac1
      PV Size               11.51 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
      Allocatable           yes (but full)
      PE Size               4.00 MiB
      Total PE              2946
      Free PE               0
      Allocated PE          2946
      PV UUID               YEG40A-wEWW-9F8Z-bgcL-PWvA-7sef-FP12my
       
      "/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "5.01 GiB"
      --- NEW Physical volume ---
      PV Name               /dev/sdb1
      VG Name               
      PV Size               5.01 GiB
      Allocatable           NO
      PE Size               0   
      Total PE              0
      Free PE               0
      Allocated PE          0
      PV UUID               p2nXS7-MmpX-Pawj-ThU3-k1NQ-t5Rc-hqKtb4
       
      "/dev/sdb2" is a new physical volume of "4.99 GiB"
      --- NEW Physical volume ---
      PV Name               /dev/sdb2     ----PV名
      VG Name                             ----分配的VG,因为没有分配,所以是空
      PV Size               4.99 GiB      ----PV的大小 
      Allocatable           NO            ---是否被分配   
      PE Size               0             ---PE的大小     
      Total PE              0             ----共分配的PE数  
      Free PE               0             ----没有被LV用掉的PE  
      Allocated PE          0             ----尚可被分配的PE数量
      PV UUID               M31k1o-JGJx-3OrN-DmNf-W8uJ-SXBB-JdSviW
     由于PE是在创建VG的时候才指定,所以这里的PE都显示0  
    [root@ol6-121-rac1 ~]# pvdisplay     ---这里显示已经被VG使用的PV(与上面做个对比)   
      --- Physical volume --- 
      PV Name               /dev/sdb1
      VG Name               datavg
      PV Size               5.01 GiB / not usable 10.10 MiB
      Allocatable           yes 
      PE Size               512.00 MiB
      Total PE              10
      Free PE               10
      Allocated PE          0
      PV UUID               p2nXS7-MmpX-Pawj-ThU3-k1NQ-t5Rc-hqKtb4  
    
    
    3.创建VG
    创建格式:vgcreate -s N[mgt] VG名称 PV名称
    [root@ol6-121-rac1 ~]# vgcreate -s 512M datavg /dev/sdb1   ---“-s”后面加PE的大小,单位可以是m,                                                                                  g,t 
      Volume group "datavg" successfully created
    [root@ol6-121-rac1 ~]# vgscan
      Reading all physical volumes.  This may take a while...
      Found volume group "datavg" using metadata type lvm2
      Found volume group "vg_ol6121rac1" using metadata type lvm2
    [root@ol6-121-rac1 ~]# pvscan 
      PV /dev/sdb1   VG datavg          lvm2 [5.00 GiB / 5.00 GiB free]
      PV /dev/sda2   VG vg_ol6121rac1   lvm2 [11.51 GiB / 0    free]
      PV /dev/sdb2                      lvm2 [4.99 GiB]     ---,没有被使用的PV
      Total: 3 [21.49 GiB] / in use: 2 [16.51 GiB] / in no VG: 1 [4.99 GiB]
    [root@ol6-121-rac1 ~]# vgdisplay datavg
      --- Volume group ---
      VG Name               datavg
      System ID             
      Format                lvm2
      Metadata Areas        1
      Metadata Sequence No  1
      VG Access             read/write
      VG Status             resizable
      MAX LV                0
      Cur LV                0
      Open LV               0
      Max PV                0
      Cur PV                1
      Act PV                1
      VG Size               5.00 GiB
      PE Size               512.00 MiB
      Total PE              10
      Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0   
      Free  PE / Size       10 / 5.00 GiB
      VG UUID               wtuMSA-qOM7-eslo-BeiR-N8pJ-PVic-ZQXDXu
    扩展VG
    [root@ol6-121-rac1 ~]# vgextend datavg /dev/sdb2
      Volume group "datavg" successfully extended
    [root@ol6-121-rac1 ~]# vgdisplay datavg
      --- Volume group ---
      VG Name               datavg
      System ID             
      Format                lvm2
      Metadata Areas        2
      Metadata Sequence No  2
      VG Access             read/write
      VG Status             resizable
      MAX LV                0
      Cur LV                0
      Open LV               0
      Max PV                0
      Cur PV                2
      Act PV                2
      VG Size               9.50 GiB
      PE Size               512.00 MiB
      Total PE              19
      Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0   
      Free  PE / Size       19 / 9.50 GiB
      VG UUID               wtuMSA-qOM7-eslo-BeiR-N8pJ-PVic-ZQXDXu
    4.创建LV
    创建格式:lvcreate -L N[mgt] -n LV名称 VG名称   或者  lvcreate -l N -n LV名称 VG名称 
    说明:-L 后面加容量  -l 后面加PE的个数
    [root@ol6-121-rac1 ~]# lvcreate -L 5G -n datalv datavg   创建一个5G的LV
      Logical volume "datalv" created
    [root@ol6-121-rac1 ~]# vgdisplay datavg
      --- Volume group ---
      VG Name               datavg
      System ID             
      Format                lvm2
      Metadata Areas        2
      Metadata Sequence No  3
      VG Access             read/write
      VG Status             resizable
      MAX LV                0
      Cur LV                1
      Open LV               0
      Max PV                0
      Cur PV                2
      Act PV                2
      VG Size               9.50 GiB
      PE Size               512.00 MiB
      Total PE              19
      Alloc PE / Size       10 / 5.00 GiB
      Free  PE / Size       9 / 4.50 GiB
      VG UUID               wtuMSA-qOM7-eslo-BeiR-N8pJ-PVic-ZQXDXu
       
    [root@ol6-121-rac1 ~]# lvdisplay 
      --- Logical volume ---
      LV Path                /dev/datavg/datalv
      LV Name                datalv
      VG Name                datavg
      LV UUID                sZ5JSE-YkRc-QxLA-GzWT-lLSR-s0WY-b0R8Pv
      LV Write Access        read/write
      LV Creation host, time ol6-121-rac1.localdomain, 2014-03-18 10:09:29 +0800
      LV Status              available
      # open                 0
      LV Size                5.00 GiB
      Current LE             10
      Segments               1
      Allocation             inherit
      Read ahead sectors     auto
      - currently set to     256
      Block device           252:2
       
    [root@ol6-121-rac1 ~]# ll /dev/datavg/datalv 
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Mar 18 10:09 /dev/datavg/datalv -> ../dm-2
    删除LV:lvremove /dev/datavg/datalv  ---注意:要加绝对路径
    扩展LV
    [root@ol6-121-rac1 ~]# lvresize -l +9 /dev/datavg/datalv   绝对路径
      Extending logical volume datalv to 9.50 GiB
      Logical volume datalv successfully resized
    [root@ol6-121-rac1 ~]# lvdisplay 
      --- Logical volume ---
      LV Path                /dev/datavg/datalv
      LV Name                datalv
      VG Name                datavg
      LV UUID                j5Wvb3-ZFiz-5PyG-gfdp-NPb4-BdRq-PhT1wm
      LV Write Access        read/write
      LV Creation host, time ol6-121-rac1.localdomain, 2014-03-18 10:14:28 +0800
      LV Status              available
      # open                 0
      LV Size                9.50 GiB
      Current LE             19
      Segments               2
      Allocation             inherit
      Read ahead sectors     auto
      - currently set to     256
      Block device           252:2
    5. 创建文件系统
    [root@ol6-121-rac1 ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/datavg/datalv   ---格式化,注意LV全名
    mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=4096 (log=2)
    Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
    Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
    622592 inodes, 2490368 blocks
    124518 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=0
    Maximum filesystem blocks=2550136832
    76 block groups
    32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
    8192 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
            32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632
    
    Writing inode tables: done                            
    Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 37 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
    [root@ol6-121-rac1 ~]# mount /dev/datavg/datalv /oradata/   ---挂载
    [root@ol6-121-rac1 ~]# df -lhT                              ---查看
    Filesystem    Type    Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    /dev/mapper/vg_ol6121rac1-lv_root
                  ext4    9.4G  3.9G  5.1G  43% /
    tmpfs        tmpfs    499M  100K  499M   1% /dev/shm
    /dev/sda1     ext4    485M   55M  405M  12% /boot
    /dev/sr0   iso9660    3.5G  3.5G     0 100% /media/OL6.4 x86_64 Disc 1 20130225
    /dev/mapper/datavg-datalv
                  ext4    9.4G  150M  8.8G   2% /oradata

    ——————————————————————————

    Lookers-on see most of the game.-- Smedley

    旁观者清

    ——————————————————————————

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/haoxiaoyu/p/3607078.html
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