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Django 实现登陆验证码

一基本使用方法

Python生成随机验证码，需要使用PIL模块

安装：

pip3 install pillow

基本使用

1 创建图片

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255))

# 在图片查看器中打开
# img.show()
# 保存在本地
with open('code.png','wb') as f:
    img.save(f,format='png')

2. 创建画笔，用于在图片上画任意内容

img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255))
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB')

font = ImageFont.truetype('static/font/waterlily.ttf', size=30) # 验证码字体

3. 画点

img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255))
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB')
# 第一个参数：表示坐标
# 第二个参数：表示颜色
draw.point([100, 100], fill="red")
draw.point([300, 300], fill=(255, 255, 255))

4. 画线

img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255))
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB')
# 第一个参数：表示起始坐标和结束坐标
# 第二个参数：表示颜色
draw.line((100,100,100,300), fill='red')
draw.line((100,100,300,100), fill=(255, 255, 255))

5. 画圆

img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255))
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB')
# 第一个参数：表示起始坐标和结束坐标（圆要画在其中间）
# 第二个参数：表示开始角度
# 第三个参数：表示结束角度
# 第四个参数：表示颜色
draw.arc((100,100,300,300),0,90,fill="red")

6. 写文本

img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255))
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB')
# 第一个参数：表示起始坐标
# 第二个参数：表示写入内容
# 第三个参数：表示颜色
draw.text([0,0],'python',"red")

7. 特殊字体

img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255))
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB')
# 第一个参数：表示字体文件路径
# 第二个参数：表示字体大小
font = ImageFont.truetype("kumo.ttf", 28)
# 第一个参数：表示起始坐标
# 第二个参数：表示写入内容
# 第三个参数：表示颜色
# 第四个参数：表示颜色
draw.text([0, 0], 'python', "red", font=font)

二生成图片验证码示例

1 生成图片验证码

import random
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont

class CheckCode:
    '''
    生成图片验证码
    '''
    def generation_code(self):
        '''
        生成随机字符
        :return:
        '''
        valid_code = ''
        for i in range(4):
            string_low = chr(random.randint(97, 122))
            string_upper = chr(random.randint(65, 90))
            num = str(random.randint(0,9))
            code = random.choice([string_low, string_upper, num])
            valid_code += code
        return valid_code

    def get_random_color(self):
        '''
        生成随机颜色
        :return:
        '''
        return random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255)

    def generation_img(self):
        '''
        生成图片
        :return:
        '''
        img = Image.new("RGB", (200, 40), color=self.get_random_color())
        draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)
        font = ImageFont.truetype('static/font/waterlily.ttf', size=30)
        check_code = self.generation_code()
        i = 1
        # 写入文本
        for c in check_code:
            draw.text((i*40, 4), c, self.get_random_color(), font=font )
            i = i+1

        # 设置图片宽高
        width = 200
        height = 40

        # 写干扰点
        for i in range(40):
            draw.point([random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height)], fill=self.get_random_color())
        # 画线干扰
        for i in range(5):
            x1 = random.randint(0, width)
            x2 = random.randint(0, width)
            y1 = random.randint(0, height)
            y2 = random.randint(0, height)
            draw.line((x1, y1, x2, y2), fill=self.get_random_color())
        # 写干扰圆圈
        for i in range(5):
            draw.point([random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height)], fill=self.get_random_color())
            x = random.randint(0, width)
            y = random.randint(0, height)
            draw.arc((x, y, x + 4, y + 4), 0, 90, fill=self.get_random_color())

        return img, check_code

2 视图中使用验证码

def get_code_img(request):
    """
    获取登录图片验证码
    :param request:
    :return:
    """
    code_obj = CheckCode()

    img, valid_code = code_obj.generation_img()
    # 将验证图片写入内存中
    f = BytesIO()
    img.save(f, "png")
    request.session['valid_code'] = valid_code
    # 从内存中获取并返回给前端
    code_img = f.getvalue()

3 前端模板渲染验证码

<body>
    <div class="wrap">
        <div class="row">
            <div class="col-md-4 col-md-offset-4">
                <div class="form-group  login">
                    {% csrf_token %}
                    <p>
                        <label for="username" class="control-label has-error">用户名:</label>
                        <input class="form-control has-error" id="username" name="username">
                    </p>
                    <p>
                        <label for="pwd" class="control-label">密码:</label>
                        <input class="form-control" id="pwd" name="password">
                    </p>
                     <div class="error">
                        <span class="pull-right" style="color:red;"></span>
                    </div>
                    <div class="row" style="display: none" id="code-area">
                        <div class="col-md-3" >
                          <label for="check_code" class="control-label">验证码:</label>
                          <input class="form-control " id="check_code" name="code" style=" auto">
                          <div class="error-valid_code" style="margin-top: 10px">
                            <span class="pull-right" style="color:red;"></span>
                          </div>
                        </div>

                       <div class="col-md-3 col-md-offset-1" style="margin-top: 20px">
                           <img id="valid_code_img" width="200" height="40" src="/get_code_img/">
                       </div>
                   </div>


                    <div  style="margin-top: 40px" class="col-md-offset-4" >
                        <button style="margin-left: 20px" class="btn btn-primary" id="login_submit">登录</button>
                        <button style="margin-left: 20px" class="btn btn-warning">注册</button>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</body>


<script type="text/javascript">
    $(function () {
        bindGetValidCode()
    });
    function bindGetValidCode() {
            // 点击刷新验证码
            $("#valid_code_img").click(function(){
                   console.log($(this).attr('src'));
                   $(this)[0].src+="?"

                })
    }
</script>

三、滑动验证码应用

我们可以借助插件来做

1、打开插件，找到自己需要的验证码

2、筛选有用的路径

3、把对应的视图函数也拿过来,注意还需要一个geetest.py的文件

具体实现

首先从https://github.com/GeeTeam/gt-python-sdk/
下载geetest文件夹的geetest.py和init.py这2个文件放入自己的项目，

#滑动验证码
url(r'^pc-geetest/register', pcgetcaptcha, name='pcgetcaptcha'),
url(r'^pc-geetest/ajax_validate', pcajax_validate, name='pcajax_validate'),

# ================
from app01.geetest import GeetestLib
pc_geetest_id = "b46d1900d0a894591916ea94ea91bd2c"
pc_geetest_key = "36fc3fe98530eea08dfc6ce76e3d24c4"
mobile_geetest_id = "7c25da6fe21944cfe507d2f9876775a9"
mobile_geetest_key = "f5883f4ee3bd4fa8caec67941de1b903"
# 滑动验证码
def pcgetcaptcha(request):
    user_id = 'test'
    gt = GeetestLib(pc_geetest_id, pc_geetest_key)
    status = gt.pre_process(user_id)
    request.session[gt.GT_STATUS_SESSION_KEY] = status
    request.session["user_id"] = user_id
    response_str = gt.get_response_str()
    return HttpResponse(response_str)
# 滑动验证码
def pcajax_validate(request):

    if request.method == "POST":
        # 验证的验证码
        ret = {"flag": False, "error_msg": None}
        gt = GeetestLib(pc_geetest_id, pc_geetest_key)
        challenge = request.POST.get(gt.FN_CHALLENGE, '')
        validate = request.POST.get(gt.FN_VALIDATE, '')
        seccode = request.POST.get(gt.FN_SECCODE, '')
        status = request.session[gt.GT_STATUS_SESSION_KEY]
        user_id = request.session["user_id"]
        print("status",status)
        if status:
            result = gt.success_validate(challenge, validate, seccode, user_id)
        else:
            result = gt.failback_validate(challenge, validate, seccode)
        if result:  #如果验证验证码正确，就验证用户名是否正确
            username = request.POST.get("username")
            password = request.POST.get("password")

           # 验证用户名和密码
            user = auth.authenticate(username=username, password=password)
            if user:
                # 如果验证成功就让登录
                ret["flag"] = True
                auth.login(request, user)
            else:
                ret["error_msg"] = "用户名和密码错误"
        else:
            ret["error_msg"] = "验证码错误"
        return HttpResponse(json.dumps(ret))
    else:
        return render(request, "login.html")

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width">
    <title>Title</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.min.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/login.css">
    <script src="/static/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script>
   滑动验证码的时候导入
    <script src="http://static.geetest.com/static/tools/gt.js"></script>
    <script src="/static/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
    <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery-cookie/1.4.1/jquery.cookie.js"></script>

</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-1=10">
            <form class="form-horizontal" id="form_data" action="/login/" method="post">
                {% csrf_token %}
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label for="username" class="col-sm-2 control-label">用户名</label>
                    <div class="col-sm-5">
                        <input type="text" class="form-control" id="username" placeholder="username" name="username">
                    </div>
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label for="password" class="col-sm-2 control-label">密码</label>
                    <div class="col-sm-5">
                        <input type="password" class="form-control" id="password" placeholder="password" name="password">
                    </div>
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <div class="row">
                        <div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-1">
{#                            文字部分#}
                            <label for="vialdCode" class="col-sm-2 control-label">验证码</label>
                             <div class="col-sm-5">
                                <input type="text" class="form-control vialdCode_text" id="vialdCode" placeholder="验证码" name="vialdCode">
                            </div>
{#                            图片部分#}
                             <div class="col-md-5">
                            <img class="vialdCode_img" src="/get_vaildCode_img/" alt="" width="200px" height="100px">
{#                                 <a href=""></a>     #}
                        </div>
                        </div>

                    </div>
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">
                        <div class="checkbox">
                            <label>
                                <input type="checkbox"> 下次自动登录
                            </label>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">
                        <p>
                            <button type="button" class="btn btn-success login" id="submit">登录</button>
                            <span class="error has-error"></span></p>
                        <p>
                            <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary register">注册</button>
                        </p>
                    </div>
                    <div id="popup-captcha"></div>
                </div>
            </form>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
{#滑动验证码#}
<script>
    var handlerPopup = function (captchaObj) {
        $("#submit").click(function () {
            captchaObj.show();
        });
        //定时函数
         $(".login").click(function () {
             function foo() {
                 $(".error").html("")
             }

             // 成功的回调
             captchaObj.onSuccess(function () {
                 var validate = captchaObj.getValidate();
                 $.ajax({
                     url: "/pc-geetest/ajax_validate", // 进行二次验证
                     type: "post",
                     dataType: "json",
                     headers: {"X-CSRFToken": $.cookie('csrftoken')},
                     data: {
                         username: $('#username').val(),
                         password: $('#password').val(),
                         geetest_challenge: validate.geetest_challenge,
                         geetest_validate: validate.geetest_validate,
                         geetest_seccode: validate.geetest_seccode
                     },
                     success: function (data) {
                         console.log(data);
                         if (data["flag"]) {
{#                             alert(location.search);#}
{#                             alert(location.search.slice(6));#}
{#                             方式一#}
{#                             if (location.search.slice(6)) {#}
                                 {#                            如果用户没有登录点赞的时候，当用户后来又登录了，就直接让跳转到当前点赞的那个路径#}
{#                                 location.href = location.search.slice(6)#}
{#                             }#}
{#                             else {#}
{#                                 window.location.href = '/index/'#}
{#                             }#}
{#                             方式二：#}
                             alert($.cookie("next_path"));
                             if ($.cookie("next_path")){
                                 location.href = $.cookie("next_path")
                             }
                             else{
                                 location.href = "/index/"
                             }
                         }
                         else {
                             $(".error").html(data["error_msg"]);
                             setTimeout(foo, 3000)
                         }
                     }
                 });
             });

         });
             // 将验证码加到id为captcha的元素里
             captchaObj.appendTo("#popup-captcha");
             // 更多接口参考：http://www.geetest.com/install/sections/idx-client-sdk.html
         };
    // 验证开始需要向网站主后台获取id，challenge，success（是否启用failback）
    $.ajax({
        url: "/pc-geetest/register?t=" + (new Date()).getTime(), // 加随机数防止缓存
        type: "get",
        dataType: "json",
        success: function (data) {
            // 使用initGeetest接口
            // 参数1：配置参数
            // 参数2：回调，回调的第一个参数验证码对象，之后可以使用它做appendTo之类的事件
            initGeetest({
                gt: data.gt,
                challenge: data.challenge,
                product: "popup", // 产品形式，包括：float，embed，popup。注意只对PC版验证码有效
                offline: !data.success // 表示用户后台检测极验服务器是否宕机，一般不需要关注
                // 更多配置参数请参见：http://www.geetest.com/install/sections/idx-client-sdk.html#config
            }, handlerPopup);
        }
    });
</script>

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/harryblog/p/10248259.html