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  • LNMP环境搭建(CentOS 6.5 64bit Nginx MySQL5.1.62 PHP-5.3.16)

    准备

    
    
    •  CentOS 6.5 64bit
    •  必要时先清空iptables, 关闭SELINUX
    •  源文件下载的目录是 /usr/local/src

    安装 先下载各个软件包


    cd /usr/local/src
    wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.0.15.tar.gz
    wget http://au.php.net/get/php-5.3.16.tar.gz/from/us.php.net/mirror
    wget http://pecl.php.net/get/APC-3.1.9.tgz
    wget http://mysql.mirror.kangaroot.net/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.62.tar.gz
    wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
    wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz?modtime=1171868460&big_mirror=0
    wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz?modtime=1194463373&big_mirror=0
    wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz?modtime=1175740843&big_mirror=0
    wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.30/pcre-8.30.tar.gz?r=http%3A%2F%2Fsourceforge.net%2Fprojects%2Fpcre%2Ffiles%2Fpcre%2F8.30%2F&ts=1335184494&use_mirror=aarnet
    wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/eaccelerator/eaccelerator/eAccelerator%200.9.6.1/eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2?r=http%3A%2F%2Fsourceforge.net%2Fprojects%2Feaccelerator%2Ffiles%2Feaccelerator%2FeAccelerator%25200.9.6.1%2F&ts=1335276559&use_mirror=waix

    然后安装各个库,依次是libiconv,libmcrypt,mhash, mcrypt 和pcre


    tar zxvf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
    cd libiconv-1.14
    ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
    make
    make install
    
    cd ../
    tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
    cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
    ./configure
    make
    make install
    /sbin/ldconfig
    cd libltdl/
    ./configure --enable-ltdl-install
    make
    make install
    cd ../../
    
    tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
    cd mhash-0.9.9.9/
    ./configure
    make
    make install
    cd ../
    
    ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
    ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
    ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
    ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
    ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
    ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
    ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
    ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
    ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1
    
    tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
    cd mcrypt-2.6.8/
    /sbin/ldconfig
    ./configure
    make
    make install
    cd ../
    
    tar zxvf pcre-8.30.tar.gz
    cd pcre-8.30
    ./configure
    make && make install
    cd ../

    一、安装MYSQL


    首先是添加组

    groupadd mysql

    #创建目录,存放data和pid

    mkdir -p /home/mysql/mysql-5.1.62/3306/
    chown -r mysql:mysql /home/mysql/
    useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M -g mysql mysql

    然后是解压,编译和安装,注意,我将LNMP需要的应用都放在了/usr/local/webserver里面


    ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=partition,innobase,myisammrg
    make && make install

    修改目录权限,配置文件,因为不是什么大型服务器,所以先复制使用默认的中等配置文件,同时将自带用于启动,重启mysql的文件复制到init.d目录,用于service命令来restart等操作,最后是创建开机启动


    chmod +w /usr/local/webserver/mysql
    chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql
    
    /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --user=mysql
    cp -f /usr/local/webserver/mysql/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
    #将skip-locking 转换成skip-external-locking
    sed -i 's/skip-locking/skip-external-locking/g ' /etc/my.cnf 
    sed -i 's:#innodb:innodb:g ' /etc/my.cnf
    cp /usr/local/webserver/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
    chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld #添加执行权限
    ln -s /usr/local/webserver/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql
    ln -s /usr/local/webserver/mysql/insclude/mysql /usr/include/mysql
    chkconfig mysqld on #设置开机启动

    在my.cnf 的[mysqld]里面增加(或将对应字段修改成)以下:


    log-error = /home/mysql/mysql-5.1.62/3306/mysql_error.log
    pid-file = /home/mysql/mysql-5.1.62/3306/mysql.pid
    datadir = /home/mysql/mysql-5.1.62/3306/data

    重启机器后,mysql会自动启动,接着是设定其root帐号密码,再先将默认帐号密码都去掉


    /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘root '
    
    cat > /tmp/mysql_sec_script<<EOF
    use mysql;
    delete from user where not (user= 'root ') ;
    delete from user where user= 'root ' and password= ' ';
    drop database test;
    DROP USER ''@ '%';
    flush privileges;
    EOF
    
    /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql -u root –p 'root ' -h localhost < /tmp/mysql_sec_script
    
    rm -f /tmp/mysql_sec_script
    
    /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
    /etc/init.d/mysqld stop

    二、安装PHP


    cd /usr/local/src
    tar zvxf php-5.3.16.tar.gz
    cd php-5.3.16
    mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/php
    
    ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/webserver/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock
    make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS= '-liconv '
    make install
    cp php.ini-production /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
    
    cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm #因为php5.3开始自带fpm,使用自带的管理脚本
    chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
    chkconfig php-fpm on #设置开机自启动
    cp /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

    然后修改php-fpm.conf,将pid改成以下,并将user和group改成www


    pid = run/php-fpm.pid
    user = www
    group = www

    编译安装apc


    cd /usr/local/src
    tar -zxvf APC-3.1.9.tgz
    cd APC-3.1.9
    /usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
    ./configure --enable-apc --enable-apc-mmap --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
    make
    make install

    然后修改/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/目录php.ini,添加apc模块


    extension = "apc.so"
    apc.enabled = 1
    apc.cache_by_default = on
    apc.shm_segments = 1
    apc.shm_size = 32M
    apc.ttl = 3600
    apc.user_ttl = 3600
    apc.num_files_hint = 0
    apc.write_lock = On

    三、安装NGINX


    首先是建立好用户组


    groupadd www
    useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g www www #www用户不能login
    mkdir -p /home/wwwroot #此路径是用于存放各域名的root路径
    chmod +w /home/wwwroot
    mkdir -p /home/wwwlogs
    chmod 755 /home/wwwlogs
    chown -R www:www /home/wwwroot

    安装Nginx


    tar zxvf nginx-1.0.15.tar.gz
    cd nginx-1.0.15/
    ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module
    make && make install
    mkdir /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/vhost/ #用于配置各域名

    修改Nginx的配置文件


    rm -f /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
    vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

    输入以下内容


    user www www;
    worker_processes 1;
    error_log /home/wwwlogs/nginx_error.log crit;
    pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
    #Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
    worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
    events
    {
      use epoll;
      worker_connections 51200;
    }
    http
    {
      include mime.types;
      default_type application/octet-stream;
      server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
      client_header_buffer_size 32k;
      large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
      client_max_body_size 8m;
      sendfile on;
      tcp_nopush on;
      keepalive_timeout 60;
      tcp_nodelay on;
      fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
      fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
      fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
      fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
      fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
      fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
      fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;
      gzip on;
      gzip_min_length 1k;
      gzip_buffers 4 16k;
      gzip_http_version 1.0;
      gzip_comp_level 2;
      gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
      gzip_vary on;
      #limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;
      #log format
      log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
      '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for ';
      include vhost/*.conf;
    }

    上面这是基本的nginx配置,接着是设定每个域名的配置信息


    cd /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/vhost
    vi domain.com.conf

    输入以下内容,这样nginx就可以支持php了。注意,请根据自身需要设定domain.com


    server
    {
    listen 80;
    server_name www.domain.com domain.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php default.html default.htm default.php;
    root /home/wwwroot/domain.com/www;
    location ~ .*.(php|php5)?$
    {
      fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
      fastcgi_index index.php;
      include fastcgi.conf;
    }
    location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
    {
      expires 30d;
    }
    location ~ .*.(js|css)?$
    {
      expires 12h;
    }
      access_log /home/wwwlogs/domain.com.access.log;
    }

    然后为刚刚的域名创建root目录


    mkdir -p /home/wwwroot/domain.com/www/

    因为默认是没有nginx管理脚本的,在此先新建一个,运行vi /etc/init.d/nginx,输入


    #! /bin/sh
    # chkconfig: 2345 55 25
    # Description: Startup script for nginx webserver on Debian. Place in /etc/init.d and
    # run 'update-rc.d -f nginx defaults ', or use the appropriate command on your
    # distro. For CentOS/Redhat run: 'chkconfig --add nginx '
    ### BEGIN INIT INFO
    # Provides: nginx
    # Required-Start: $all
    # Required-Stop: $all
    # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
    # Default-Stop: 0 1 6
    # Short-Description: starts the nginx web server
    # Description: starts nginx using start-stop-daemon
    ### END INIT INFO
    PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
    DESC="nginx daemon"
    NAME=nginx
    DAEMON=/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/$NAME
    CONFIGFILE=/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/$NAME.conf
    PIDFILE=/usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/$NAME.pid
    SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME
    set -e
    [ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0
    do_start() {
    $DAEMON -c $CONFIGFILE || echo -n "nginx already running"
    }
    do_stop() {
    kill -INT `cat $PIDFILE` || echo -n "nginx not running"
    }
    do_reload() {
    kill -HUP `cat $PIDFILE` || echo -n "nginx can 't reload"
    }
    case "$1" in
    start)
    echo -n "Starting $DESC: $NAME"
    do_start
    echo "."
    ;;
    stop)
    echo -n "Stopping $DESC: $NAME"
    do_stop
    echo "."
    ;;
    reload|graceful)
    echo -n "Reloading $DESC configuration..."
    do_reload
    echo "."
    ;;
    restart)
    echo -n "Restarting $DESC: $NAME"
    do_stop
    do_start
    echo "."
    ;;
    *)
    echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|reload|restart}" >&2
    exit 3
    ;;
    esac
    exit 0

    为该文件增加执行权限,并设置为自启动


    chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
    chkconfig nginx on

    环境说明


    直接输入以下命令,会得到相应的结果

    service nginx restart 重启nginx
    service mysqld restart 重启mysql
    service php-fpm restart 重启php-fpm
    service php-fpm stop 停止php-fpm
    service php-fpm start 启动php-fpm
    
    各站点的根目录是/home/wwwroot/
    应用的目录是 /usr/local/webserver/
    
    各配置文件的存放位置是:
    php: /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/
    mysql: /etc/
    nginx: /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/

    FAQ


    <Q1> 启动nginx的时候遇到 error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.1:
    <A1> 增加以下软连接,注意,如果是64位系统,对应目录是/lib64
    
    #cd /lib64
    cd /lib
    ln -s libpcre.so.0.0.1 libpcre.so.1
      <Q2> configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.
      <A2> yum -y install libxml2-devel.x86_64
    
      <Q3> configure: error: Cannot find OpenSSL's <evp.h>
      <A3> yum install openssl-devel.x86_64
    
    
    
     <Q4>
       configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution -
       easy.h should be in <curl-dir>/include/curl/
     <A4> yum -y install libcurl-devel.x86_64
    
    
    
     <Q5> configure: error: jpeglib.h not found.
      <A5> yum -y install libpng-devel.x86_64

    参考:http://solf.me/compile-nginx-php-mysql-on-centos-lnmp/

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/harvis/p/3648274.html
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