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  • [leetcode-416-Partition Equal Subset Sum]

    Given a non-empty array containing only positive integers, find if the array can be partitioned into two subsets such that the sum of elements in both subsets is equal.

    Note:

    1. Each of the array element will not exceed 100.
    2. The array size will not exceed 200.

    Example 1:

    Input: [1, 5, 11, 5]
    
    Output: true
    
    Explanation: The array can be partitioned as [1, 5, 5] and [11].
    

    Example 2:

    Input: [1, 2, 3, 5]
    
    Output: false
    
    Explanation: The array cannot be partitioned into equal sum subsets.

    思路:
    类似于[leetcode-494-Target Sum]

    想办法找到其中是否存在某几个元素的和为所有元素和的一半。使用回溯法查找。

    却超时了。

    void Par(bool& flag, vector<int>&nums, int target,int& temp,int begin)
         {
             if (temp == target)
             {
                 flag = true;
                 return;
             }
             for (int i = begin; i < nums.size(); i++)
             {
                 if (!flag)
                 {
                     temp += nums[i];
                     if(temp<=target)dfsPar(flag, nums, target, temp, i + 1);
                     temp -= nums[i];
                 }             
             }
         }
         bool canPartition(vector<int>& nums)
         {
             bool flag = false;
             int sum = 0;
             if (nums.size() == 1)return false;
             for (int n : nums)sum += n;
             if (sum & 1)return false;
             int tempsum = 0;
             Par(flag, nums, sum >> 1, tempsum,0);
             return flag;
         }

    想到了dp。我们定义一个一维的dp数组,其中dp[i]表示数字i是否是原数组的任意个子集合之和,那么我们我们最后只需要返回dp[target]就行了。我们初始化dp[0]为true,由于题目中限制了所有数字为正数,那么我们就不用担心会出现和为0或者负数的情况。那么关键问题就是要找出递归公式了,我们需要遍历原数组中的数字,对于遍历到的每个数字nums[i],我们需要更新我们的dp数组,要更新[nums[i], target]之间的值,那么对于这个区间中的任意一个数字j,如果dp[j - nums[i]]为true的话,那么dp[j]就一定为true,于是地推公式如下:

    dp[j] = dp[j] || dp[j - nums[i]]         (nums[i] <= j <= target)

    有了递推公式,那么我们就可以写出代码如下:

    bool canPartition(vector<int>& nums)
         {         
             int sum = 0;
             if (nums.size() == 1)return false;
             for (int n : nums)sum += n;
             if (sum & 1)return false;
             sum = sum >> 1;//除以2
             vector<int> dp(sum + 1,0);//dp[i]代表和为i的可能输
             dp[0] = 1;
             for (int i = 0; i < nums.size();i++)
             {
                 for (int j = sum; j >= i;j--)
                 {
                     dp[j] = dp[j] || dp[j - nums[i]];
                 }
             }
             return dp[sum];
         }

    参考了[leetcode-494-Target Sum]的dp解法,以及

    https://discuss.leetcode.com/topic/62285/concise-c-solution-summary-with-dfs-dp-bit

    http://www.cnblogs.com/grandyang/p/5951422.html

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/hellowooorld/p/7060667.html
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