数据准备：
PUT /shop { "settings": { "number_of_shards": 3, "number_of_replicas": 2 } } PUT /shop/_mapping/goods { "properties": { "title": { "type": "text", "analyzer": "ik_max_word" }, "price": { "type": "float" }, "stock": { "type": "integer" } } } POST /shop/goods/_bulk {"index":{}} {"title": "小米8 全面屏游戏智能手机 6GB+64GB 黑色 全网通4G 双卡双待","price": 2299.00,"stock": 8800} {"index":{}} {"title": "OPPO Find X曲面全景屏 波尔多红 8GB+128GB 全网通 移动联通电信全网通4G 双卡双待手机","price": 4999.00,"stock": 5600} {"index":{}} {"title": "联想(Lenovo)拯救者Y7000P英特尔酷睿 i7 15.6英寸游戏笔记本电脑(i7-8750H 8G 512G SSD GTX1060 144Hz黑)","price": 8599.00,"stock": 1900} {"index":{}} {"title": "TP-LINK TL-WDR5620 1200M 5G双频智能无线路由器 四天线智能wifi 稳定穿墙高速家用路由器","price": 109.00,"stock": 9970}
一、基本查询
语法：
GET /索引库名/_search { "query": { "查询类型": { "查询条件": "查询条件值" } } }
查询类型：match_all，match，term，range，fuzzy，bool 等等
查询条件：查询条件会根据类型的不同，写法也有差异
1.1 查询所有（match_all）
查询指令：
GET /shop/_search { "query": { "match_all": {} } }
查询结果：
{ "took": 13, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 3, "successful": 3, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 4, "max_score": 1, "hits": [ { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "P4EGtmgBBdkQnU_d8b7I", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "联想(Lenovo)拯救者Y7000P英特尔酷睿 i7 15.6英寸游戏笔记本电脑(i7-8750H 8G 512G SSD GTX1060 144Hz黑)", "price": 8599, "stock": 1900 } }, { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "QIEGtmgBBdkQnU_d-r6T", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "TP-LINK TL-WDR5620 1200M 5G双频智能无线路由器 四天线智能wifi 稳定穿墙高速家用路由器", "price": 109, "stock": 9970 } }, { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "PYEGtmgBBdkQnU_d4b4m", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "小米8 全面屏游戏智能手机 6GB+64GB 黑色 全网通4G 双卡双待", "price": 2299, "stock": 8800 } }, { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "PoEGtmgBBdkQnU_d6b4Q", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "OPPO Find X曲面全景屏 波尔多红 8GB+128GB 全网通 移动联通电信全网通4G 双卡双待手机", "price": 4999, "stock": 5600 } } ] } }
对查询结果进行分页
GET /shop/_search { "query": { "match_all": {} }, "from": 1, "size": 2 }
1.2 匹配查询（match）
or 关系：会把查询条件进行分词，然后进行查询，多个词条之间是or的关系
查询指令：
GET /shop/_search { "query": { "match": { "title": { "query": "小米手机", "operator": "or" } } } }
查询结果：
{ "took": 3, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 3, "successful": 3, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 2, "max_score": 1.6051829, "hits": [ { "_index": "demo", "_type": "goods", "_id": "MIHNs2gBBdkQnU_d_r6o", "_score": 1.6051829, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "price": "2199.00" } }, { "_index": "demo", "_type": "goods", "_id": "LYHJs2gBBdkQnU_dt75n", "_score": 0.2876821, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "price": "1699.00" } } ] } }
and关系：会把查询条件进行分词，然后进行查询,多个词条之间是and的关系
查询指令：
GET /shop/_search { "query": { "match": { "title": { "query": "小米手机", "operator": "and" } } } }
查询结果：
{ "took": 10, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 3, "successful": 3, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 1, "max_score": 0.92355466, "hits": [ { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "PYEGtmgBBdkQnU_d4b4m", "_score": 0.92355466, "_source": { "title": "小米8 全面屏游戏智能手机 6GB+64GB 黑色 全网通4G 双卡双待", "price": 2299, "stock": 8800 } } ] } }
1.3 词条查询
单值查询（term）
查询指令：
GET /shop/_search { "query": { "term": { "price": 109.00 } } }
查询结果：
{ "took": 3, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 3, "successful": 3, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 1, "max_score": 1, "hits": [ { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "QIEGtmgBBdkQnU_d-r6T", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "TP-LINK TL-WDR5620 1200M 5G双频智能无线路由器 四天线智能wifi 稳定穿墙高速家用路由器", "price": 109, "stock": 9970 } } ] } }
多值查询（terms）
查询指令：
GET /shop/_search { "query": { "terms": { "price": [8599.00,109.00] } } }
查询结果：
{ "took": 15, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 3, "successful": 3, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 2, "max_score": 1, "hits": [ { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "P4EGtmgBBdkQnU_d8b7I", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "联想(Lenovo)拯救者Y7000P英特尔酷睿 i7 15.6英寸游戏笔记本电脑(i7-8750H 8G 512G SSD GTX1060 144Hz黑)", "price": 8599, "stock": 1900 } }, { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "QIEGtmgBBdkQnU_d-r6T", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "TP-LINK TL-WDR5620 1200M 5G双频智能无线路由器 四天线智能wifi 稳定穿墙高速家用路由器", "price": 109, "stock": 9970 } } ] } }
二、结果过滤
默认情况下，elasticsearch在搜索的结果中，会把文档中保存在 _source 的所有字段都返回。
如果我们只想获取其中的部分字段，我们可以添加 _source 字段进行过滤
2.1 包含字段查询（includes）
查询指令：
GET /shop/_search { "query": { "match_all": {} }, "_source": { "includes": ["title","price"] } }
查询结果：
{ "took": 4, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 3, "successful": 3, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 4, "max_score": 1, "hits": [ { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "P4EGtmgBBdkQnU_d8b7I", "_score": 1, "_source": { "price": 8599, "title": "联想(Lenovo)拯救者Y7000P英特尔酷睿 i7 15.6英寸游戏笔记本电脑(i7-8750H 8G 512G SSD GTX1060 144Hz黑)" } }, { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "QIEGtmgBBdkQnU_d-r6T", "_score": 1, "_source": { "price": 109, "title": "TP-LINK TL-WDR5620 1200M 5G双频智能无线路由器 四天线智能wifi 稳定穿墙高速家用路由器" } }, { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "PYEGtmgBBdkQnU_d4b4m", "_score": 1, "_source": { "price": 2299, "title": "小米8 全面屏游戏智能手机 6GB+64GB 黑色 全网通4G 双卡双待" } }, { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "PoEGtmgBBdkQnU_d6b4Q", "_score": 1, "_source": { "price": 4999, "title": "OPPO Find X曲面全景屏 波尔多红 8GB+128GB 全网通 移动联通电信全网通4G 双卡双待手机" } } ] } }
2.2 排除字段查询（excludes）
查询指令
GET /shop/_search { "query": { "match_all": {} }, "_source": { "excludes": "price" } }
查询结果：
{ "took": 3, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 3, "successful": 3, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 4, "max_score": 1, "hits": [ { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "P4EGtmgBBdkQnU_d8b7I", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "联想(Lenovo)拯救者Y7000P英特尔酷睿 i7 15.6英寸游戏笔记本电脑(i7-8750H 8G 512G SSD GTX1060 144Hz黑)", "stock": 1900 } }, { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "QIEGtmgBBdkQnU_d-r6T", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "TP-LINK TL-WDR5620 1200M 5G双频智能无线路由器 四天线智能wifi 稳定穿墙高速家用路由器", "stock": 9970 } }, { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "PYEGtmgBBdkQnU_d4b4m", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "小米8 全面屏游戏智能手机 6GB+64GB 黑色 全网通4G 双卡双待", "stock": 8800 } }, { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "PoEGtmgBBdkQnU_d6b4Q", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "OPPO Find X曲面全景屏 波尔多红 8GB+128GB 全网通 移动联通电信全网通4G 双卡双待手机", "stock": 5600 } } ] } }
三、高级查询
3.1 范围查询（range）
查询找出那些落在指定区间内的数字或者时间
查询指令：
GET /shop/_search { "query": { "range": { "price": { "gte": 2000, "lte": 5000 } } } }
查询结果：
{ "took": 3, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 3, "successful": 3, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 2, "max_score": 1, "hits": [ { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "PYEGtmgBBdkQnU_d4b4m", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "小米8 全面屏游戏智能手机 6GB+64GB 黑色 全网通4G 双卡双待", "price": 2299, "stock": 8800 } }, { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "PoEGtmgBBdkQnU_d6b4Q", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "OPPO Find X曲面全景屏 波尔多红 8GB+128GB 全网通 移动联通电信全网通4G 双卡双待手机", "price": 4999, "stock": 5600 } } ] } }
range查询允许以下操作符
3.2 布尔查询（bool）
bool把各种其它查询通过must（与）、must_not（非）、should（或）的方式进行组合
查询指令：
GET /shop/_search { "query": { "bool": { "should": [ { "match": { "title": "笔记本" } }, { "term": { "price": 109.00 } } ] } } }
查询结果：
{ "took": 15, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 3, "successful": 3, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 2, "max_score": 1.9646256, "hits": [ { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "P4EGtmgBBdkQnU_d8b7I", "_score": 1.9646256, "_source": { "title": "联想(Lenovo)拯救者Y7000P英特尔酷睿 i7 15.6英寸游戏笔记本电脑(i7-8750H 8G 512G SSD GTX1060 144Hz黑)", "price": 8599, "stock": 1900 } }, { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "QIEGtmgBBdkQnU_d-r6T", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "TP-LINK TL-WDR5620 1200M 5G双频智能无线路由器 四天线智能wifi 稳定穿墙高速家用路由器", "price": 109, "stock": 9970 } } ] } }
四、过滤查询
所有的查询都会影响到文档的评分及排名。如果我们需要在查询结果中进行过滤，并且不希望过滤条件影响评分，
那么就不要把过滤条件作为查询条件来用，而是使用filter方式。
查询指令：
GET /shop/_search { "query": { "bool": { "must": [ { "match": { "title": "手机" } } ], "filter": { "range": { "price": { "gt": 3000 } } } } } }
查询结果：
{ "took": 5, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 3, "successful": 3, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 1, "max_score": 0.17329858, "hits": [ { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "PoEGtmgBBdkQnU_d6b4Q", "_score": 0.17329858, "_source": { "title": "OPPO Find X曲面全景屏 波尔多红 8GB+128GB 全网通 移动联通电信全网通4G 双卡双待手机", "price": 4999, "stock": 5600 } } ] } }
注意：filter中还可以再次进行bool组合条件过滤。
五、排序查询
sort 可以让我们按照不同的字段进行排序，并且通过order指定排序的方式。
查询指令：
GET /shop/_search { "query": { "match_all": {} }, "sort": [ { "price": { "order": "desc" } } ] }
查询结果：
{ "took": 55, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 3, "successful": 3, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 4, "max_score": null, "hits": [ { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "P4EGtmgBBdkQnU_d8b7I", "_score": null, "_source": { "title": "联想(Lenovo)拯救者Y7000P英特尔酷睿 i7 15.6英寸游戏笔记本电脑(i7-8750H 8G 512G SSD GTX1060 144Hz黑)", "price": 8599, "stock": 1900 }, "sort": [ 8599 ] }, { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "PoEGtmgBBdkQnU_d6b4Q", "_score": null, "_source": { "title": "OPPO Find X曲面全景屏 波尔多红 8GB+128GB 全网通 移动联通电信全网通4G 双卡双待手机", "price": 4999, "stock": 5600 }, "sort": [ 4999 ] }, { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "PYEGtmgBBdkQnU_d4b4m", "_score": null, "_source": { "title": "小米8 全面屏游戏智能手机 6GB+64GB 黑色 全网通4G 双卡双待", "price": 2299, "stock": 8800 }, "sort": [ 2299 ] }, { "_index": "shop", "_type": "goods", "_id": "QIEGtmgBBdkQnU_d-r6T", "_score": null, "_source": { "title": "TP-LINK TL-WDR5620 1200M 5G双频智能无线路由器 四天线智能wifi 稳定穿墙高速家用路由器", "price": 109, "stock": 9970 }, "sort": [ 109 ] } ] } }