zoukankan      html  css  js  c++  java
  • java HashMap源码分析(JDK8)

      这两天在复习JAVA的知识点,想更深层次的了解一下JAVA,所以就看了看JAVA的源码,把自己的分析写在这里,也当做是笔记吧,方便记忆。写的不对的地方也请大家多多指教。

      JDK1.6中HashMap采用的是位桶+链表的方式,即我们常说的散列链表的方式,而JDK1.8中采用的是位桶+链表/红黑树的方式,也是非线程安全的。当某个位桶的链表的长度达到某个阀值的时候,这个链表就将转换成红黑树。

    基本的数据结构:

     1 //链表节点
     2 static class Node<K,V> implements Map.Entry<K,V> {
     3         final int hash;
     4         final K key;
     5         V value;
     6         Node<K,V> next;
     7      //省略 
     8 }
     9 //红黑树节点
    10 static final class TreeNode<K,V> extends LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V> {
    11         TreeNode<K,V> parent;  // red-black tree links
    12         TreeNode<K,V> left;
    13         TreeNode<K,V> right;
    14         TreeNode<K,V> prev;    // needed to unlink next upon deletion
    15         boolean red;
    16         TreeNode(int hash, K key, V val, Node<K,V> next) {
    17             super(hash, key, val, next);
    18         }
    19         //省略  
    20 }
    21 // HashMap的主要属性
    22 public class HashMap<K,V> extends AbstractMap<K,V>
    23     implements Map<K,V>, Cloneable, Serializable {
    24     // 槽数组,Node<K,V>类型,TreeNode extends LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V>,所以可以存放TreeNode来实现Tree bins
    25     transient Node<K,V>[] table;
    26     
    27     transient Set<Map.Entry<K,V>> entrySet;
    28 
    29     transient int size;
    30     // 去掉了volatile的修饰符
    31     transient int modCount;
    32 
    33     int threshold;
    34 
    35     final float loadFactor;
    36 
    37     ...
    38 
    39 }
       
    //计算key的hash
    static final int hash(Object key) {
            int h;
            return (key == null) ? 0 : (h = key.hashCode()) ^ (h >>> 16);
     }

     get(key) 函数

     1 public V get(Object key) {
     2         Node<K,V> e;
     3         return (e = getNode(hash(key), key)) == null ? null : e.value;
     4     }
     5      final Node<K,V> getNode(int hash, Object key) {
     6             Node<K,V>[] tab; 
     7             Node<K,V> first, e; 
     8             int n; K k;
     9             //hash & length-1 定位数组下标
    10             if ((tab = table) != null && (n = tab.length) > 0 &&
    11                 (first = tab[(n - 1) & hash]) != null) 
    12             {
    13                 if (first.hash == hash && // always check first node
    14                     ((k = first.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
    15                     return first;
    16                 if ((e = first.next) != null) {
    17                     /*第一个节点是TreeNode,则采用位桶+红黑树结构,
    18                      * 调用TreeNode.getTreeNode(hash,key),
    19                      *遍历红黑树,得到节点的value
    20                      */
    21                     if (first instanceof TreeNode)
    22                         return ((TreeNode<K,V>)first).getTreeNode(hash, key);
    23                     do {
    24                         if (e.hash == hash &&
    25                             ((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
    26                             return e;
    27                        } while ((e = e.next) != null);
    28                 }
    29             }
    30             return null;
    31         }
    32      final TreeNode<K,V> getTreeNode(int h, Object k) {
    33              //找到红黑树的根节点并遍历红黑树
    34          return ((parent != null) ? root() : this).find(h, k, null);
    35      }
    36      /*
    37       *通过hash值的比较,递归的去遍历红黑树,这里要提的是compareableClassFor(Class k)这个函数的作用,在某些时候
    38       *如果红黑树节点的元素are of the same "class C implements Comparable<C>" type 
    39       *利用他们的compareTo()方法来比较大小,这里需要通过反射机制来check他们到底是不是属于同一个类,是不是具有可比较性.
    40       */
    41      final TreeNode<K,V> find(int h, Object k, Class<?> kc) {
    42          TreeNode<K,V> p = this;
    43          do {
    44              int ph, dir; K pk;
    45              TreeNode<K,V> pl = p.left, pr = p.right, q;
    46              if ((ph = p.hash) > h)
    47                  p = pl;
    48              else if (ph < h)
    49                  p = pr;
    50              else if ((pk = p.key) == k || (k != null && k.equals(pk)))
    51                  return p;
    52              else if (pl == null)
    53                  p = pr;
    54              else if (pr == null)
    55                  p = pl;
    56              else if ((kc != null ||
    57                        (kc = comparableClassFor(k)) != null) &&
    58                       (dir = compareComparables(kc, k, pk)) != 0)
    59                  p = (dir < 0) ? pl : pr;
    60              else if ((q = pr.find(h, k, kc)) != null)
    61                  return q;
    62              else
    63                  p = pl;
    64          } while (p != null);
    65          return null;
    66      }      

    put(K key,V value)函数 

     1 //put(K key,V value)函数 
     2     public V put(K key, V value) {
     3             return putVal(hash(key), key, value, false, true);
     4         }
     5     
     6     final V putVal(int hash, K key, V value, boolean onlyIfAbsent,
     7             boolean evict) {
     8          Node<K,V>[] tab; 
     9          Node<K,V> p; 
    10          int n, i;
    11          //如果table为空或者长度为0,则resize()
    12          if ((tab = table) == null || (n = tab.length) == 0)
    13              n = (tab = resize()).length;
    14          //找到key值对应的槽并且是第一个,直接加入
    15          if ((p = tab[i = (n - 1) & hash]) == null)
    16              tab[i] = newNode(hash, key, value, null);
    17          else {
    18                  Node<K,V> e;
    19                  K k;
    20                  //第一个node的hash值即为要加入元素的hash
    21                  if (p.hash == hash &&
    22                      ((k = p.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))){
    23                       e = p;
    24                  }else if (p instanceof TreeNode)//第一个节点是TreeNode,即tree-bin
    25                     /*Tree version of putVal.
    26                      *final TreeNode<K,V> putTreeVal(HashMap<K,V> map, Node<K,V>[] tab,int h, K k, V v)
    27                      */
    28                      e = ((TreeNode<K,V>)p).putTreeVal(this, tab, hash, key, value);
    29                      else {
    30                          //不是TreeNode,即为链表,遍历链表
    31                          for (int binCount = 0; ; ++binCount) {
    32                              /*到达链表的尾端也没有找到key值相同的节点,
    33                               *则生成一个新的Node,并且判断链表的节点个数是不是到达转换成红黑树的上界
    34                               *达到,则转换成红黑树
    35                               */
    36                              if ((e = p.next) == null) {
    37                                  p.next = newNode(hash, key, value, null);
    38                                  if (binCount >= TREEIFY_THRESHOLD - 1) // -1 for 1st
    39                                      treeifyBin(tab, hash);
    40                                  break;
    41                              }
    42                              if (e.hash == hash &&
    43                                  ((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
    44                                  break;
    45                              p = e;
    46                          }
    47                      }
    48                  if (e != null) { // existing mapping for key
    49                      V oldValue = e.value;
    50                      if (!onlyIfAbsent || oldValue == null)
    51                          e.value = value;
    52                      afterNodeAccess(e);
    53                      //返回旧的value值
    54                      return oldValue;
    55                  }
    56          }
    57          ++modCount;
    58          if (++size > threshold)
    59              resize();
    60          afterNodeInsertion(evict);
    61          return null;
    62 }
  • 相关阅读:
    【leetcode】Partition List
    【USACO】Transformations
    【USACO】Milking Cows
    R语言学习笔记——Base Graphics
    【Tech】YCSB-0.1.3安装使用
    【Tech】Ganglia安装配置
    【leetcode刷题笔记】Remove Duplicates from Sorted List
    【leetcode】Populating Next Right Pointers in Each Node
    【leetcode刷题笔记】Spiral Matrix
    js中定时器的使用
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/hfczgo/p/4033283.html
Copyright © 2011-2022 走看看