发送邮件前提:开启邮箱授权码
一、开启授权码(以163邮箱为例)
1.登录163邮箱,点击设置--POP3/SMTP/IMAP,出现设置界面
2. 开启SMTP服务且可以查询SMTP的host地址
3.设置界面选择--客户端授权密码,出现如图界面,点击开启授权码,需要短信验证,自己设置授权码,启之后也可以重置授权码,当然也需要短信验
4.客户端授权密码设置完之后,保持登录
二、开启qq授权码
邮箱中设置-账户-POP3/IMAP...这一项,开启POP3/SMTP服务
点击开启的时候,会让发送短信验证,照着操作就行,收取选项选择全部
设置完成之后一定要记得保存
三、发送邮件
python发送邮件,使用smtplib、MIMEText模块
1.163邮箱发送邮件
import smtplib from email.mime.text import MIMEText def send_mail(username, passwd, recv, title, content, mail_host='smtp.163.com', port=25): ''' 发送邮件函数,默认使用163smtp :param username: 邮箱账号 xx@163.com :param passwd: 邮箱授权码,不是邮箱密码 :param recv: 邮箱接收人地址,多个账号以逗号隔开 :param title: 邮件标题 :param content: 邮件内容 :param mail_host: 邮箱服务器 :param port: 端口号 :return: ''' msg = MIMEText(content) # 邮件内容 msg['Subject'] = title # 邮件主题 msg['From'] = username # 发送者账号 msg['To'] = recv # 接收者账号列表 smtp = smtplib.SMTP(mail_host, port=port) # 连接邮箱,传入邮箱地址,和端口号,smtp的端口号是25 smtp.login(username, passwd) # 发送者的邮箱账号,密码 smtp.sendmail(username, recv, msg.as_string()) # 参数分别是发送者,接收者,第三个是把上面的发送邮件的内容变成字符串 smtp.quit() # 发送完毕后退出smtp print('email send success.') if __name__ =="__main__": email_user = 'xxxxx@163.com' # 发送者账号 email_pwd = 'xxxxx' # 发送者邮箱授权码 maillist = 'xxxx@qq.com'#收件邮箱 title = '测试邮件标题' content = '这里是邮件内容' send_mail(email_user, email_pwd, maillist, title, content)
2.qq邮箱发送邮件
import smtplib from email.mime.text import MIMEText ''' :param mail_host: 邮箱服务器,qq邮箱host: smtp.qq.com :param port: 端口号,qq邮箱的默认端口是: 465 :param username: 邮箱账号 xx@qq.com :param passwd: 邮箱密码(不是邮箱的登录密码,是邮箱的授权码) :param recv: 邮箱接收人地址,多个账号以逗号隔开 :param title: 邮件标题 :param content: 邮件内容 :return: ''' #qq邮箱发送邮件 def send_mail(username, passwd, recv, title, content, mail_host='smtp.qq.com', port=465): msg = MIMEText(content) # 邮件内容 msg['Subject'] = title # 邮件主题 msg['From'] = username # 发送者账号 msg['To'] = recv # 接收者账号列表 smtp = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(mail_host, port=port) # 连接邮箱,传入邮箱地址,和端口号,smtp的端口号是465 smtp.login(username, passwd) # 登录发送者的邮箱账号,密码 # 参数分别是 发送者,接收者,第三个是把上面的发送邮件的 内容变成字符串 smtp.sendmail(username, recv, msg.as_string()) smtp.quit() # 发送完毕后退出smtp print('email send success.') if __name__ == '__main__': email_user = 'xxx@qq.com' # 发送者账号 email_pwd = 'xxxx' # 发送者密码,授权码 maillist = 'xxx@qq.com' title = '测试邮件标题' content = '这里是邮件内容' send_mail(email_user, email_pwd, maillist, title, content)
3.发送给多人带多个附件的邮件
import smtplib from email.mime.text import MIMEText from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart class SendMail(object): def __init__(self, username, passwd, recv, title, content, file=None, email_host='smtp.163.com', port=25): self.username = username self.passwd = passwd self.recv = recv self.title = title self.content = content self.file = file self.email_host = email_host self.port = port def send_mail(self): msg = MIMEMultipart() #发送内容的对象 if self.file:#处理附件的 att = MIMEText(open(self.file, encoding='utf-8').read())#如果图片,指定一下打开模式'rb' att["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream' att["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="%s"'%self.file att2 = MIMEText(open(self.file, encoding='utf-8').read()) att2["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream' att2["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="%s"' % self.file msg.attach(att) msg.attach(att2) msg.attach(MIMEText(self.content))#邮件正文的内容 msg['Subject'] = self.title # 邮件主题 msg['From'] = self.username # 发送者账号 #将多个账号'xxx@qq.com;xxx@163.com' 以分号分割,分割为list self.recv = self.recv.split(';') if isinstance(self.recv, list): msg['To'] = ','.join(self.recv) else: msg['To'] = self.recv # 接收者账号列表 if self.username.endswith('qq.com'): #如果发送者是qq邮箱 self.smtp = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(self.email_host, port=self.port) else: self.smtp = smtplib.SMTP(self.email_host, port=self.port) #发送邮件服务器的对象 self.smtp.login(self.username, self.passwd) try: self.smtp.sendmail(self.username, self.recv, msg.as_string()) except Exception as e: print('出错了。。', e) else: print('发送成功!') self.smtp.quit() if __name__ == '__main__': m = SendMail( username='xxx@163.com', passwd='xxx',file='hhf.txt', recv='xx@qq.com;xx@qq.com', title='多个收件人', content='eee', email_host='smtp.163.com', port=25 ) m.send_mail()