HDU 1258 Sum it up (dfs)

题面

Problem Description
Given a specified total t and a list of n integers, find all distinct sums using numbers from the list that add up to t. For example, if t=4, n=6, and the list is [4,3,2,2,1,1], then there are four different sums that equal 4: 4,3+1,2+2, and 2+1+1.(A number can be used within a sum as many times as it appears in the list, and a single number counts as a sum.) Your job is to solve this problem in general.

Input
The input will contain one or more test cases, one per line. Each test case contains t, the total, followed by n, the number of integers in the list, followed by n integers x1,...,xn. If n=0 it signals the end of the input; otherwise, t will be a positive integer less than 1000, n will be an integer between 1 and 12(inclusive), and x1,...,xn will be positive integers less than 100. All numbers will be separated by exactly one space. The numbers in each list appear in nonincreasing order, and there may be repetitions.

Output
For each test case, first output a line containing 'Sums of', the total, and a colon. Then output each sum, one per line; if there are no sums, output the line 'NONE'. The numbers within each sum must appear in nonincreasing order. A number may be repeated in the sum as many times as it was repeated in the original list. The sums themselves must be sorted in decreasing order based on the numbers appearing in the sum. In other words, the sums must be sorted by their first number; sums with the same first number must be sorted by their second number; sums with the same first two numbers must be sorted by their third number; and so on. Within each test case, all sums must be distince; the same sum connot appear twice.

Sample Input
4 6 4 3 2 2 1 1
5 3 2 1 1
400 12 50 50 50 50 50 50 25 25 25 25 25 25
0 0

Sample Output
Sums of 4:
4
3+1
2+2
2+1+1
Sums of 5:
NONE
Sums of 400:
50+50+50+50+50+50+25+25+25+25
50+50+50+50+50+25+25+25+25+25+25

思路

搜索题，关于dfs的参数，首先两个限制点，选择数字的个数和sum肯定是需要的，由于我们需要对所以情况进行枚举，所以我们要枚举所有的情况，我们需要在参数里面加一个现在枚举的数组元素的位置，同时累加和，当和为目标和的时候，我们输出存下来的数组。不要忘记去重。

代码实现

#include<cstdio>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cmath>
#include<cstring>
#include<queue>
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;
#define eps 1e-4
const int maxn=10005;
const int N = 105;
int n,m,sum,k;
bool flag;
int a[maxn],ans[maxn];
bool camp (int x,int y) {
  return x>y;
}
void dfs (int x,int y,int sum,int cnt) {
  if (sum>n||cnt>=m) return ;
  if (sum==n) {
     flag++;
     cout<<ans[0];
     for (int i=1;i<cnt;i++) {
        cout<<"+"<<ans[i];
     }
     cout<<endl;
  }
  for (int i=y;i<m;i++) {
     ans[cnt]=a[i];
     dfs (a[i],i+1,sum+a[i],cnt+1);
     while (i+1<m&&a[i]==a[i+1]) i++;
  }
  return ;
}
int main () {
   while (cin>>n>>m) {
      if (n==0&&m==0) break;
      for (int i=0;i<m;i++) cin>>a[i];
      sort (a,a+m,camp);
      printf ("Sums of %d:
",n);
      flag=0;
      dfs (0,0,0,0);
      if (!flag) cout<<"NONE"<<endl;
   }
    return 0;
}