(1) 函数模板的特化:当函数模板需要对某些类型进行特别处理,称为函数模板的特化。例如:
1 bool IsEqual(T t1, T t2)
2 {
3 return t1 == t2;
4 }
5
6 int main()
7 {
8 char str1[] = "Hello";
9 char str2[] = "Hello";
10 cout << IsEqual(1, 1) << endl;
11 cout << IsEqual(str1, str2) << endl; //输出0
12 return 0;
13 }
2 {
3 return t1 == t2;
4 }
5
6 int main()
7 {
8 char str1[] = "Hello";
9 char str2[] = "Hello";
10 cout << IsEqual(1, 1) << endl;
11 cout << IsEqual(str1, str2) << endl; //输出0
12 return 0;
13 }
1 template <> bool IsEqual(char* t1, char* t2) //函数模板特化
2 {
3 return strcmp(t1, t2) == 0;
4 }
2 {
3 return strcmp(t1, t2) == 0;
4 }
(2) 类模板的特化:与函数模板类似,当类模板内需要对某些类型进行特别处理时,使用类模板的特化。例如:
1 template <class T>
2 class compare
3 {
4 public:
5 bool IsEqual(T t1, T t2)
6 {
7 return t1 == t2;
8 }
9 };
10
11 int main()
12 {
13 char str1[] = "Hello";
14 char str2[] = "Hello";
15 compare<int> c1;
16 compare<char *> c2;
17 cout << c1.IsEqual(1, 1) << endl; //比较两个int类型的参数
18 cout << c2.IsEqual(str1, str2) << endl; //比较两个char *类型的参数
19 return 0;
20 }
2 class compare
3 {
4 public:
5 bool IsEqual(T t1, T t2)
6 {
7 return t1 == t2;
8 }
9 };
10
11 int main()
12 {
13 char str1[] = "Hello";
14 char str2[] = "Hello";
15 compare<int> c1;
16 compare<char *> c2;
17 cout << c1.IsEqual(1, 1) << endl; //比较两个int类型的参数
18 cout << c2.IsEqual(str1, str2) << endl; //比较两个char *类型的参数
19 return 0;
20 }
1 template<>class compare<char *> //特化(char*)
2 {
3 public:
4 bool IsEqual(char* t1, char* t2)
5 {
6 return strcmp(t1, t2) == 0; //使用strcmp比较字符串
7 }
8 };
2 {
3 public:
4 bool IsEqual(char* t1, char* t2)
5 {
6 return strcmp(t1, t2) == 0; //使用strcmp比较字符串
7 }
8 };