生成随机验证码
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- import random from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont, ImageFilter _letter_cases = "abcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxy" # 小写字母，去除可能干扰的i，l，o，z _upper_cases = _letter_cases.upper() # 大写字母 _numbers = ''.join(map(str, range(3, 10))) # 数字 init_chars = ''.join((_letter_cases, _upper_cases, _numbers)) def create_validate_code(size=(120, 30), chars=init_chars, img_type="GIF", mode="RGB", bg_color=(255, 255, 255), fg_color=(0, 0, 255), font_size=18, font_type="Monaco.ttf", length=4, draw_lines=True, n_line=(1, 2), draw_points=True, point_chance=2): """ @todo: 生成验证码图片 @param size: 图片的大小，格式（宽，高），默认为(120, 30) @param chars: 允许的字符集合，格式字符串 @param img_type: 图片保存的格式，默认为GIF，可选的为GIF，JPEG，TIFF，PNG @param mode: 图片模式，默认为RGB @param bg_color: 背景颜色，默认为白色 @param fg_color: 前景色，验证码字符颜色，默认为蓝色#0000FF @param font_size: 验证码字体大小 @param font_type: 验证码字体，默认为 ae_AlArabiya.ttf @param length: 验证码字符个数 @param draw_lines: 是否划干扰线 @param n_lines: 干扰线的条数范围，格式元组，默认为(1, 2)，只有draw_lines为True时有效 @param draw_points: 是否画干扰点 @param point_chance: 干扰点出现的概率，大小范围[0, 100] @return: [0]: PIL Image实例 @return: [1]: 验证码图片中的字符串 """ width, height = size # 宽高 # 创建图形 img = Image.new(mode, size, bg_color) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img) # 创建画笔 def get_chars(): """生成给定长度的字符串，返回列表格式""" return random.sample(chars, length) def create_lines(): """绘制干扰线""" line_num = random.randint(*n_line) # 干扰线条数 for i in range(line_num): # 起始点 begin = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1])) # 结束点 end = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1])) draw.line([begin, end], fill=(0, 0, 0)) def create_points(): """绘制干扰点""" chance = min(100, max(0, int(point_chance))) # 大小限制在[0, 100] for w in range(width): for h in range(height): tmp = random.randint(0, 100) if tmp > 100 - chance: draw.point((w, h), fill=(0, 0, 0)) def create_strs(): """绘制验证码字符""" c_chars = get_chars() strs = ' %s ' % ' '.join(c_chars) # 每个字符前后以空格隔开 font = ImageFont.truetype(font_type, font_size) font_width, font_height = font.getsize(strs) draw.text(((width - font_width) / 3, (height - font_height) / 3), strs, font=font, fill=fg_color) return ''.join(c_chars) if draw_lines: create_lines() if draw_points: create_points() strs = create_strs() # 图形扭曲参数 params = [1 - float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 100, 0, 0, 0, 1 - float(random.randint(1, 10)) / 100, float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500, 0.001, float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500 ] img = img.transform(size, Image.PERSPECTIVE, params) # 创建扭曲 img = img.filter(ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE) # 滤镜，边界加强（阈值更大） return img, strs
应用到django项目中
整个验证码的流程如下
- 用户访问登录页面，你的后台程序在给用户返回登录页面时，同时生成了验证码图片
- 用户输入账户信息和验证码数字，提交表单
- 后台判断用户输入的验证码和你生成的图片信息是否一致，如果一致，就代表验证码是没有问题的
登录页面
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head lang="en"> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title></title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/plugins/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/plugins/font-awesome/css/font-awesome.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/edmure.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/commons.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/account.css"/> <style> </style> </head> <body> <div class="login"> <div style="font-size: 25px; font-weight: bold;text-align: center;"> 用户登陆 </div> <form role="form" action="/login.html" method="POST"> {% csrf_token %} <div class="form-group"> <label for="username">用户名</label> <input type="text" class="form-control" id="username" placeholder="请输入用户名"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="password">密码</label> <input type="password" class="form-control" id="password" placeholder="请输入密码"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="password">验证码</label> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-7"> <input type="text" name="check_code" class="form-control" id="password" placeholder="请输入验证码"> </div> <div class="col-xs-5"> <img src="/check_code.html" onclick="changeCheckcode(this)"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="checkbox"> <label> <input type="checkbox"> 一个月内自动登陆 </label> <div class="right"> <a href="#">忘记密码？</a> </div> </div> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">登 陆</button> </form> </div> <script> function changeCheckcode(ths){ ths.src = ths.src + '?'; } </script> </body> </html>
验证码通过html的img返回，绑定事件，点击验证码刷新图片
生成验证码views.py
from utils.check_code import create_validate_code from io import BytesIO def check_code(request): """ 验证码 :param request: :return: """ stream = BytesIO() img, code = create_validate_code() img.save(stream, 'PNG') request.session['CheckCode'] = code return HttpResponse(stream.getvalue())
登录验证
def login(request): """ 登陆 :param request: :return: """ if request.method == "POST": print(request.session['CheckCode'].upper()) print(request.POST.get('check_code').upper()) if request.session['CheckCode'].upper() == request.POST.get('check_code').upper(): print('ok') else: print('验证码错误') return render(request, 'login.html')
编辑框
http://www.cnblogs.com/wupeiqi/articles/6307554.html