1、在官网下载安装包：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads
mysql-5.7.10-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
2、将安装包上传到centos上我安装的目录是在 /usr/local/
1 [root@localhost bin]# cd / 2 [root@localhost /]# cd usr 3 [root@localhost usr]# cd local/ 4 [root@localhost local]# ls 5 bin etc games include lib lib64 libexec sbin share src 6 [root@localhost local]# rz 7 8 [root@localhost local]# ls 9 bin etc games include lib lib64 libexec mysql-5.7.10-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz sbin share src 10 [root@localhost local]# tar -xzvf mysql-5.7.10-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
3、将压缩包解压：tar -xzvf mysql-5.7.10...
10 [root@localhost local]# tar -xzvf mysql-5.7.10-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
4、重命名解压后的文件： mv mysql-5.7.10... mysql
1 [root@localhost local]# ls 2 bin games lib libexec mysql-5.7.10-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz share 3 etc include lib64 mysql-5.7.10-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 sbin src 4 [root@localhost local]# mv mysql-5.7.10-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql 5 [root@localhost local]# ls 6 bin etc games include lib lib64 libexec mysql mysql-5.7.10-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz sbin share src
5、启动mysql的安装文件
1 [root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data 2 2017-09-28 11:21:54 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize 3 2017-09-28 11:21:59 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn't empty: 4 2017-09-28 11:21:59 [WARNING] 2017-09-28T03:21:55.455859Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead
注意warning部分：mysql_install_db已经被取代了：
./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize
6、设置mysql的my.cnf配置 ( 将mysql下的文件复制一份到/etc/目录下 )
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
7、修改my.cnf里面的内容：
1 [mysqld] 2 basedir=/usr/local/mysql 3 datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data 4 port=3306 5 socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.sock 6 7 [client] 8 default-character-set=utf8 9 socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.sock 10 11 [mysql] 12 default-character-set=utf8 13 socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.sock
一开始没有设置mysql的socket，而报
1 ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)
设置好socket 就解决了，其实创建软连接也是不错的选择：ln -s /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
如果mysql启动不了
拷贝启动文件到/etc/init.d/下并重命令为mysqld
1 /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
8、启动mysql :
[root@localhost etc]# service mysqld restart
9、提示修改密码：
1 [root@localhost etc]# mysql 2 ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) 3 [root@localhost etc]# mysql -uroot -p 4 Enter password:
10、查看mysql的默认密码：
1 [root@localhost ~]# cat /root/.mysql_secret 2 # Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2017-09-28 11:21:55 3 UQ?x&q+gu#o*
11、用默认密码登录后修改默认密码：
1 mysql> set password = password("root") 2 -> ; 3 Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) 4 5 mysql> flush privileges; 6 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 7 8 mysql> use mysql
然后就可以自己对数据库进行相应的操作了。
12、开启远程连接
mysql> select host,user ,password from user; +-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+ | host | user | password | +-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+ | % | root | *2470C0C06DEE42FD1618BB99005ADCA2EC9D1E19 | | localhost.localdomain | root | | | 127.0.0.1 | root | | | ::1 | root | | | localhost | | | | localhost.localdomain | | | +-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
mysql> update user set host = '%' where user = 'root'； mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by "password" with grant option; mysql> flush privileges;
如果需要指定特定的ip地址，可以直接用grant all privileges on *.* to root@'ip' identified by "password" with grant option;
问题总结：
一、 Starting MySQL.The server quit without updating PID file (/[FAILED]l/mysql/data/mysql.pid).
网上说了很多但都不是自己出现的
Google了下 ，问题可能的原因有多种，具体什么原因最好的办法是先查看下错误日志：
1、可能是/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid文件没有写的权限
解决方法 ：给予权限，执行 “chown -R mysql:mysql /var/data” “chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql/data” 然后重新启动mysqld！
2、可能进程里已经存在mysql进程
解决方法：用命令“ps -ef|grep mysqld”查看是否有mysqld进程，如果有使用“kill -9 进程号”杀死，然后重新启动mysqld！
3、可能是第二次在机器上安装mysql，有残余数据影响了服务的启动。
解决方法：去mysql的数据目录/data看看，如果存在mysql-bin.index，就赶快把它删除掉吧，它就是罪魁祸首了。本人就是使用第三条方法解决的 ！
4、mysql在启动时没有指定配置文件时会使用/etc/my.cnf配置文件，请打开这个文件查看在[mysqld]节下有没有指定数据目录(datadir)。
解决方法：请在[mysqld]下设置这一行：datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
5、skip-federated字段问题
解决方法：检查一下/etc/my.cnf文件中有没有没被注释掉的skip-federated字段，如果有就立即注释掉吧。
6、错误日志目录不存在
解决方法：使用“chown” “chmod”命令赋予mysql所有者及权限
7、selinux惹的祸，如果是centos系统，默认会开启selinux
解决方法：关闭它，打开/etc/selinux/config，把SELINUX=enforcing改为SELINUX=disabled后存盘退出重启机器试试。
8、[ERROR] Fatal error: Please read "Security" section of the manual to find out how to run mysqld as root
解决方法：在/mysql/my.cnf文件中，指定user=mysql 或强制使用root启动 mysqld --user=root
9、 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled../mysqld: Table 'mysql.plugin' doesn't exist
[ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.
解决方法：./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
自己问题解决方式：
10、本地root用户连接问题Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
解决方法：授权root用户权限 grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'root' with grant option;
/etc/my.cnf的配置文件参数少了或者错误
一份正确的配置参数：
# For advice on how to change settings please see # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html # *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the # *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you # *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL. #[mysqld] # Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data # cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%. # innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M # Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging # changes to the binary log between backups. # log_bin # These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required. # basedir = ..... # datadir = ..... # port = ..... # server_id = ..... # socket = ..... [mysqld] basedir=/usr/local/mysql datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data port=3306
user=mysql socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.sock log-bin=mysql-bin server-id=1 pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid port=3306 socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.sock log-bin=mysql-bin server-id=1 pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid binlog_format=row binlog-row-image = full max_binlog_size =128M binlog_cache_size =2M expire_logs_days =7 [client] default-character-set=utf8 socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.sock #[mysql] #default-character-set=utf8 #socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.sock # Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers. # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs. # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values. # join_buffer_size = 128M # sort_buffer_size = 2M # read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M #sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
[Reference]
[1] http://www.jb51.net/article/117722.htm