表压缩及索引重建--分区表

问题描述：将数据库中的大对象查出来，发现几张分区表比较大，对分区表进行处理，分区表压缩，分区表索引重建，数据文件resize

1.查看表空间使用率

SELECT Upper(F.TABLESPACE_NAME)         "表空间名",
       D.TOT_GROOTTE_MB                 "表空间大小(M)",
       D.TOT_GROOTTE_MB - F.TOTAL_BYTES "已使用空间(M)",
       To_char(Round(( D.TOT_GROOTTE_MB - F.TOTAL_BYTES ) / D.TOT_GROOTTE_MB * 100, 2), '990.99')
       || '%'                           "使用比",
       F.TOTAL_BYTES                    "空闲空间(M)",
       F.MAX_BYTES                      "最大块(M)"
FROM   (SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,
               Round(Sum(BYTES) / ( 1024 * 1024 ), 2) TOTAL_BYTES,
               Round(Max(BYTES) / ( 1024 * 1024 ), 2) MAX_BYTES
        FROM   SYS.DBA_FREE_SPACE
        GROUP  BY TABLESPACE_NAME) F,
       (SELECT DD.TABLESPACE_NAME,
               Round(Sum(DD.BYTES) / ( 1024 * 1024 ), 2) TOT_GROOTTE_MB
        FROM   SYS.DBA_DATA_FILES DD
        GROUP  BY DD.TABLESPACE_NAME) D
WHERE  D.TABLESPACE_NAME = F.TABLESPACE_NAME
ORDER  BY 1

2.查看数据文件大小

SELECT tablespace_name, 
file_id, 
file_name, 
round(bytes / (1024 * 1024), 0) total_space 
FROM dba_data_files 
ORDER BY tablespace_name;

3.创建分区测试表

create table test_partiton_02(
number_1 number,
number_2 number,
string_1 varchar2(10),
string_2 varchar2(20)
) partition by range(number_2)
(
partition p1 values less than (10000),
partition p2 values less than (20000),
partition p3 values less than (50000),
partition p4 values less than (70000),
partition p5 values less than (maxvalue)
);

4.创建本地分区索引

CREATE INDEX ix_test_partiton_02_1 ON test_partiton_02(number_1) 
local (PARTITION p1,
       PARTITION p2,
       PARTITION p3,
       PARTITION p4,
       PARTITION p5
       );--drop index ix_test_partiton_02_1;

5.创建全局分区索引

CREATE INDEX ix_test_partiton_02_2 ON test_partiton_02(number_2)
   GLOBAL PARTITION BY RANGE (number_2)
      (PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (10000),
       PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (55000),
       PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE));

6.写入测试数据

insert into test_partiton_02(number_1,
                              number_2,
                              string_1,
                              string_2)
select dbms_random.random() as number_1,
       round(dbms_random.value(0, 100000)) as number_2,
       dbms_random.string(opt => 'A', len => 1) as String_1,
       dbms_random.string(opt => 'p', len => 10) as String_2
  from dual
connect by rownum < 100001;
commit;

7.分析表

analyze table test_partiton_02 compute statistics;

8.查看分区表是否压缩,以及生成压缩语句

select /*+parallel(4)*/ p.table_owner,p.table_name,p.partition_name,s.bytes/1024/1024/1024 gb,s.tablespace_name,p.compression,p.compress_for,p.partition_position,
RANK() OVER(PARTITION BY TABLE_OWNER,TABLE_NAME ORDER BY PARTITION_POSITION DESC) rn,'alter table '||p.table_owner||'.'||p.table_name||' move partition '||p.partition_name||
'  compress for oltp parallel 4;' from dba_tab_partitions p,dba_segments s where p.table_name=s.segment_name and p.table_owner=s.owner
and p.partition_name=s.partition_name and s.SEGMENT_NAME='TEST_PARTITON_02';

9.执行压缩语句

alter table HZH.TEST_PARTITON_02 move partition P5  compress for oltp parallel 4;
alter table HZH.TEST_PARTITON_02 move partition P4  compress for oltp parallel 4;
alter table HZH.TEST_PARTITON_02 move partition P3  compress for oltp parallel 4;
alter table HZH.TEST_PARTITON_02 move partition P2  compress for oltp parallel 4;
alter table HZH.TEST_PARTITON_02 move partition P1  compress for oltp parallel 4;

10.再次查看分区表压缩状态，已经可以看到压缩状态编程ENABLED，压缩方式为OLTP，语句见8

11.查看分区索引是否有效

---查看分区索引是否 可用
select index_owner,index_name,partition_name,subpartition_count,high_value,status from dba_ind_partitions t where t.INDEX_NAME in('IX_TEST_PARTITON_02_1','IX_TEST_PARTITON_02_2');

12. 注意tablespace 的实际存储空间，生成索引重建语句

select 'alter index '||p.owner||'.'||p.index_name||' rebuild partition '||i.partition_name||' tablespace HZH0528 parallel 4 online;',
p.owner,p.table_name,p.index_name,p.alignment,i.partition_name,i.status,i.tablespace_name,i.logging,i.compression,i.last_analyzed from dba_part_indexes p,dba_ind_partitions i
where p.index_name=i.index_name and p.owner=i.index_owner and p.owner='HZH' and i.status<>'USABLE' and p.table_name='TEST_PARTITON_02';

13.重建索引，还需要注意关闭重建索引的并行

alter index HZH.IX_TEST_PARTITON_02_1 rebuild partition P1 tablespace HZH0528 parallel 4 online;
alter index HZH.IX_TEST_PARTITON_02_1 rebuild partition P2 tablespace HZH0528 parallel 4 online;
alter index HZH.IX_TEST_PARTITON_02_1 rebuild partition P3 tablespace HZH0528 parallel 4 online;
alter index HZH.IX_TEST_PARTITON_02_1 rebuild partition P4 tablespace HZH0528 parallel 4 online;
alter index HZH.IX_TEST_PARTITON_02_1 rebuild partition P5 tablespace HZH0528 parallel 4 online;
alter index HZH.IX_TEST_PARTITON_02_2 rebuild partition P1 tablespace HZH0528 parallel 4 online;
alter index HZH.IX_TEST_PARTITON_02_2 rebuild partition P2 tablespace HZH0528 parallel 4 online;
alter index HZH.IX_TEST_PARTITON_02_2 rebuild partition P3 tablespace HZH0528 parallel 4 online;
alter index HZH.IX_TEST_PARTITON_02_2 noparallel;

14.重新查看索引状态，状态已经变回usable，重建成功，如果需要重建索引时间较长，建议放在后台执行，要不然会话中断，再次重建会报错，比较麻烦

---查看分区索引是否 可用
select index_owner,index_name,partition_name,subpartition_count,high_value,status from dba_ind_partitions t where t.INDEX_NAME in('IX_TEST_PARTITON_02_1','IX_TEST_PARTITON_02_2');

15.做完表压缩和索引重建，就可以进行数据文件的收缩，如果表空间上T，而且数据文件就是几百个，不建议使用这个SQL，查询非常慢，可以手动指定resize的数据文件大小，如果压不了就报错，不会影响

select a.file#,a.name,c.tablespace_name,round(a.bytes/1024/1024) CurrentMB,ceil(HWM *a.block_size)/1024/1024 ResizeTo,(a.bytes - HWM*a.block_size)/1024/1024 ReleaseMB,
'alter database datafile ' || a.FILE# || ' resize ' ||round(ceil(HWM*a.block_size)/1024/1024+5)||'M;' ResizeCmd from v$datafile a,(SELECT file_id,MAX(block_id+blocks-1) HWM
FROM DBA_EXTENTS GROUP BY file_id) b,dba_data_files c where a.file# = b.file_id(+) And (a.bytes - HWM * a.block_size) >0 and a.FILE#=c.file_id and c.tablespace_name='&tablespace_name'
 order by 6 desc;

16.resize数据文件

alter database datafile 8 resize 1142M;

17.查看现在的表空间使用率，测试所用数据量较小，不太能体现压缩带来的数据变化，但是具体流程大体这样

18.查看数据文件大小变化

SELECT tablespace_name, 
file_id, 
file_name, 
round(bytes / (1024 * 1024), 0) total_space 
FROM dba_data_files 
ORDER BY tablespace_name;