C# 实现中国象棋【棋盘，棋子】

本文是利用C# 实现中国象棋的棋盘绘制，以及初始化布局，并不实现中国象棋的对弈逻辑。仅供学习参考使用。

思路：

1. 绘制中国象棋棋盘，竖线九条，横线十条。再中间绘制‘楚河’，‘汉界’ 。
2. 绘制棋子，然后将棋子布局在棋盘上即可。

涉及知识点：

1. 用户控件：用于实现棋盘的绘制，重写 OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e) 方法。
2. Matrix：封装表示几何变换的 3x3 仿射矩阵。本例中主要用于旋转绘制反方的‘汉界’。
3. GraphicsPath：表示一系列相互连接的直线和曲线。本例中主要用于绘制圆形棋子。

效果图如下：

（一）

（二）

核心代码

棋盘核心代码如下：

protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)
        {
            base.OnPaint(e);

            //初始化数组
            InitArrPieceInfo();

            Graphics g = e.Graphics;
            int width = this.Width;
            int height = this.Height;
            int padding = this.Padding.All * 20;
            int center = height / 2;//垂直中心位置
            int s_width = (width - 2 * padding) / 8;//每一条横线的间距
            int s_heigth = (height - 2 * padding) / 9;//每一条竖线的间距
            int start_x = padding;//起始位置
            int start_y = padding;//起始位置
            Pen pen = new Pen(Brushes.Black, 1.5f);
            Dictionary<string, string[]> dicNums = new Dictionary<string, string[]>();
            dicNums.Add("up", new string[9] { "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9" });
            dicNums.Add("down", new string[9] { "九", "八", "七", "六", "五", "四", "三", "二", "一" });
            Font font = new Font("宋体", 12, FontStyle.Regular);
            for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++)
            {
                //竖线九条
                Point p0 = new Point(start_x + i * s_width, start_y);
                Point p1 = new Point(start_x + i * s_width, start_y + (s_heigth * 4));
                Point p2 = new Point(start_x + i * s_width, start_y + (s_heigth * 5));
                Point p3 = new Point(start_x + i * s_width, start_y + (s_heigth * 9));
                g.DrawLine(pen, p0, p1);
                g.DrawLine(pen, p2, p3);
                //上下的文字
                Point p_up = new Point(start_x + i * s_width - 5, padding / 2);
                Point p_down = new Point(start_x + i * s_width - 5, start_y + (s_heigth * 9) + padding / 3);
                g.DrawString(dicNums["up"][i], font, Brushes.Black, p_up);
                g.DrawString(dicNums["down"][i], font, Brushes.Black, p_down);
                //数组赋值
                for (int j = 0; j < 10; j++)
                {
                    Point absLocation = ArrPiece[i, j].AbsoluteLocation;
                    absLocation.X = start_x + i * s_width;
                    ArrPiece[i, j].AbsoluteLocation = absLocation;
                }
            }
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
            {
                //横线十条
                Point p0 = new Point(start_x, start_y + i * s_heigth);
                Point p1 = new Point(start_x + s_width * 8, start_y + i * s_heigth);
                g.DrawLine(pen, p0, p1);
                //数组赋值
                for (int j = 0; j < 9; j++)
                {
                    Point absLocation = ArrPiece[j, i].AbsoluteLocation;
                    absLocation.Y = start_y + i * s_heigth;
                    ArrPiece[j, i].AbsoluteLocation = absLocation;
                }
            }
            //绘制九宫格
            for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
            {
                Point p0 = new Point(start_x + (3 + i * 2) * s_width, start_y);
                Point p1 = new Point(start_x + (5 - i * 2) * s_width, start_y + (s_heigth * 2));
                Point p2 = new Point(start_x + (3 + i * 2) * s_width, start_y + (s_heigth * 7));
                Point p3 = new Point(start_x + (5 - i * 2) * s_width, start_y + (s_heigth * 9));
                g.DrawLine(pen, p0, p1);
                g.DrawLine(pen, p2, p3);
            }

            //兵和卒处有拐角，从左往右
            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
            {
                int p_x = start_x + 2 * i * s_width;
                int p_y = start_y + 3 * s_heigth;
                DrawCorner(g, pen, p_x, p_y);//兵
                p_y = start_y + 6 * s_heigth;
                DrawCorner(g, pen, p_x, p_y);//卒
            }
            //炮处的拐角，从左往右
            for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
            {
                int p_x = start_x + (1 + 6 * i) * s_width;
                int p_y = start_y + 2 * s_heigth;
                DrawCorner(g, pen, p_x, p_y);//炮
                p_y = start_y + 7 * s_heigth;
                DrawCorner(g, pen, p_x, p_y);//炮
            }
            //绘制楚河汉界
            Point p_0 = new Point(2 * s_width, center - 25);
            Point p_1 = new Point(7 * s_width, center + 20);
            font = new Font("方正隶二繁体", 30, FontStyle.Regular);
            g.DrawString("楚河", font, Brushes.Black, p_0);
            Matrix mtxSave = g.Transform;
            Matrix mtxRotate = g.Transform;
            mtxRotate.RotateAt(180, p_1);
            g.Transform = mtxRotate;
            g.DrawString("汉界", font, Brushes.Black, p_1);
            g.Transform = mtxSave;
            //绘制外边框
            g.DrawRectangle(pen, 3, 3, width - 6, height - 6);
            g.DrawRectangle(pen, 5, 5, width - 10, height - 10);
            g.DrawRectangle(pen, 7, 7, width - 14, height - 14);
        }

棋子核心代码如下：

        protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)
        {
            base.OnPaint(e);
            Graphics g = e.Graphics;
            GraphicsPath gPath = new GraphicsPath();
            // Set a new rectangle to the same size as the button's ClientRectangle property.
            Rectangle rectangle = this.ClientRectangle;
            g.DrawEllipse(new Pen(this.FlatAppearance.BorderColor), rectangle);
            gPath.AddEllipse(rectangle);

            // Set the button's Region property to the newly created  circle region.
            this.Region = new Region(gPath);
            Rectangle inRect = new Rectangle(2, 2, this.Width - 4, this.Height - 3);
            g.FillEllipse(new SolidBrush(this.BackColor), rectangle);
            g.DrawEllipse(new Pen(Color.Black,2), inRect);

            Font font = new Font("楷体", 25, FontStyle.Regular);
            g.DrawString(this.Text, font, new SolidBrush(this.ForeColor), 0,5);
        }

源码下载链接