console控制台:使用<winsock2.h> 和 ws2_32.lib 参考:孙鑫C++课程14
TCP:面对连接的、安全的通信
////// TcpSrv.cpp ///////// #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS //用sprintf,而不必强制使用sprintf_s 不报错 #include <winsock2.h> #include <iostream> using namespace std; #pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib") void main() { WORD wVersionRequested; WSADATA wsaData; int err; wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(1, 1); //WSAStartup() initiates use of Ws2_32.dll by a process. err = WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData); if (err != 0) { return; } if (LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 1 || HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 1) { WSACleanup(); return; } //1.创建流式套接字,基于TCP(SOCK_STREAM) SOCKET sockSrv = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); //socket地址结构体 SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv;//除了sin_family,其余都需要转换为网络字节序 addrSrv.sin_family = AF_INET; addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);//转换Unsigned long型为网络字节序格式, INADDR_ANY表示接受多个IP地址的回应信息 addrSrv.sin_port = htons(6000);//端口6000,转换unsigned short为网络字节序 //2.将套接字绑定到一个端口号和本地地址上 bind(sockSrv, (SOCKADDR*)&addrSrv, sizeof(SOCKADDR)); //3.监听 listen(sockSrv, 5); // SOCKADDR_IN addrClient;//定义用来接收客户端Socket的结构体 int len = sizeof(SOCKADDR);//初始化参数,这个参数必须进行初始化 //4.循环等待接受客户端发送请求 while (true) { //等待客户请求到来;当请求到来后,接受连接请求, //返回一个新的对应于此次连接的套接字(sockConnect)。 //接受Client请求,阻塞 SOCKET sockConnect = accept(sockSrv, (SOCKADDR*)&addrClient, &len); //发送数据 char buf[100];//inet_ntoa(addrClient.sin_addr)将IP地址转换为字符串,像 "192.168.0.5" sprintf(buf, "Welcome %s to my little world.", inet_ntoa(addrClient.sin_addr)); send(sockConnect, buf, strlen(buf) + 1, 0);//多发一个,为了 结尾 //接收数据 char recvBuf[100] = { 0 }; recv(sockConnect, recvBuf, sizeof(recvBuf), 0); cout << recvBuf << endl; //5.关闭socket closesocket(sockConnect); } // WSACleanup(); return ; } ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ///////// TcpClient.cpp //////////// #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS //用sprintf,而不必强制使用sprintf_s 不报错 #include <winsock2.h> #include <iostream> using namespace std; #pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib") void main() { WORD wVersionRequested; WSADATA wsaData; int err; wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(1, 1); //WSAStartup() initiates use of Ws2_32.dll by a process. err = WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData); if (err != 0) { return; } if (LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 1 || HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 1) { WSACleanup(); return; } //1.创建Client端的Socket SOCKET sockClient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); //2.连接Server地址 SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv; addrSrv.sin_family = AF_INET; addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");//inet_addr 将IP字符串转为ULONG类型数值 addrSrv.sin_port = htons(6000);//Port:6000 connect(sockClient, (SOCKADDR*)&addrSrv, sizeof(SOCKADDR)); //接收 char recvBuf[100] = { 0 }; recv(sockClient, recvBuf, sizeof(recvBuf), 0); cout << recvBuf << endl; //发送 char* buf = "This is lisi."; send(sockClient, buf, strlen(buf) + 1, 0); //3.关闭套接字 closesocket(sockClient); WSACleanup();//终止套接字库的使用 }
总结:
TCP服务端
1. 创建流套接字(SOCK_STREAM)sockSrv
2. 绑定本地IP地址和端口 bind(...)
3. 监听 listen(...)
4. 等待Client端连接 accept(...) 此函数获得Client端的SOCKADDR(包括IP地址,端口等)
5. 发送数据或接收数据 send( ) / recv( )
6. 关闭套接字
TCP客户端
1. 创建流套接字
2. 连接Server端,connect( )
3. 发送或接收数据 send recv
4. 关闭套接字
UDP服务器端
1. 创建数据报套接字(SOCK_DGRAM)sockSrv
2. bind 本地的IP地址 SOCKADDR(实际用 SOCKADDR_IN)
3. 接收数据 recvfrom(..) 此函数保存CLient端的 SOCKADDR(IP地址等) 发送数据 sendto()
4. 关闭套接字
UDP客户端
1. 创建数据报套接字(SOCK_DGRAM)sockClient
2. 给Server端发送数据 sendto() 接收数据 recvfrom( )
3. 关闭套接字
UDP:面向无连接,不安全的,即时通信
////// UdpSrv.cpp ///////// #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS //用sprintf,而不必强制使用sprintf_s 不报错 #include <winsock2.h> #include <iostream> using namespace std; #pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib") void main() { WORD wVersionRequested; WSADATA wsaData; int err; wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(1, 1); //WSAStartup() initiates use of Ws2_32.dll by a process. err = WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData); if (err != 0) { return; } if (LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 1 || HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 1) { WSACleanup(); return; } //1.创建数据报套接字,基于UDP(SOCK_DGRAM) SOCKET sockSrv = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0); //socket地址结构体 SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv;//除了sin_family,其余都需要转换为网络字节序 addrSrv.sin_family = AF_INET; addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);//转换Unsigned long型为网络字节序格式, INADDR_ANY表示接受多个IP地址的回应信息 addrSrv.sin_port = htons(6000);//端口6000,转换unsigned short为网络字节序 //2.将套接字绑定到一个端口号和本地地址上 bind(sockSrv, (SOCKADDR*)&addrSrv, sizeof(SOCKADDR)); // SOCKADDR_IN addrClient;//定义用来接收客户端Socket的结构体 int len = sizeof(SOCKADDR);//初始化参数,这个参数必须进行初始化 //接收数据 recvfrom 将Client端的IP地址,端口号等存到addrClient char recvBuf[100] = { 0 }; recvfrom(sockSrv, recvBuf, sizeof(recvBuf), 0,(SOCKADDR*)&addrClient,&len);//阻塞 cout << inet_ntoa(addrClient.sin_addr)//inet_ntoa(addrClient.sin_addr)将IP地址转换为字符串,像 "192.168.0.5" << " say: "<< recvBuf << endl; //发送数据 sendto cout << "Please input something for sending: "; char sendBuf[100]; gets(sendBuf);//从屏幕获取一行字符串存到sendBuf中 sendto(sockSrv, sendBuf, strlen(sendBuf) + 1, 0, (SOCKADDR*)&addrClient, len);//多发一个,为了 结尾 //3.关闭socket closesocket(sockSrv); WSACleanup(); system("pause"); return; } /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ////// UdpClient.cpp ///////// #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS //用sprintf,而不必强制使用sprintf_s 不报错 #include <winsock2.h> #include <iostream> using namespace std; #pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib") void main() { WORD wVersionRequested; WSADATA wsaData; int err; wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(1, 1); //WSAStartup() initiates use of Ws2_32.dll by a process. err = WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData); if (err != 0) { return; } if (LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 1 || HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 1) { WSACleanup(); return; } //1.创建套接字 SOCKET sockClient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0); //发送 SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv; addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1"); addrSrv.sin_family = AF_INET; addrSrv.sin_port = htons(6000); cout << "Please input something for sending: "; char sendBuf[100]; gets(sendBuf); sendto(sockClient, sendBuf, strlen(sendBuf), 0, (SOCKADDR*)&addrSrv, sizeof(SOCKADDR)); //接收数据 recvfrom char recvBuf[100] = { 0 }; int len = sizeof(SOCKADDR); recvfrom(sockClient, recvBuf, sizeof(recvBuf), 0, (SOCKADDR*)&addrSrv, &len);//阻塞 cout << inet_ntoa(addrSrv.sin_addr)//inet_ntoa(addrClient.sin_addr)将IP地址转换为字符串,像 "192.168.0.5" << " say: " << recvBuf << endl; //2.关闭套接字 closesocket(sockClient); WSACleanup(); system("pause"); } ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
MFC的Socket通信:使用#include <afxsock.h>中MFC封装的类CSocket