接口开发 & 网络编程

1.接口开发

import flask
import json
import MySQL#《数据库造数据》博客中有此模块

server = flask.Flask(__name__)


@server.route('/api/user',methods=['post','get'])
def user_info():
    d = {"id":3,"username":"huahua"}
    return json.dumps(d,ensure_ascii=False)

#get
@server.route('/get',methods=['get'])
def user2():
    name = flask.request.values.get("name")
    data  = {"name":name}
    return json.dumps(data,ensure_ascii=False)

#header，cookie
@server.route('/header',methods=['get','post'])
#这个接口是为了说明怎么获取cooke，获取header的
def user3():
    name = flask.request.headers.get("name") #从header里面获取数据
    time = flask.request.cookies.get("time") #cookie获取数据
    data  = {"name":name,'time':time}
    return json.dumps(data)

#json
@server.route('/json',methods=['post'])
def user4():
    if flask.request.is_json:
        age = flask.request.json.get("age")
        name = flask.request.json.get("name")
        sex = flask.request.json.get("sex")
        data = {"age":age,"sex":sex,"name":name}
    else:
        data = {"code":-1,"msg":"入参不是json"}

    return json.dumps(data,ensure_ascii=False)

#文件上传
@server.route('/file',methods=['post'])
def user5():
    file = flask.request.files.get("file")
    file.save(file.filename)
    return json.dumps({"code":0,"msg":"上传成功"},ensure_ascii=False)

#数据库查询
#user、stu_hua
#table_name=user
#/table_data?table_name=
@server.route('/table_data')
def table_data():
    table_names = ['user','stu_hua']
    table_name = flask.request.values.get('table_name') #table_name=stu+salt
    # table_name = flask.request.values.get('sign') #sdgsdsdgsgds
    if table_name:
        if table_name in table_names:
            sql = 'select * from %s;' % table_name
            result = MySQL.execute_sql(sql)
            data = {"code":0,"msg":"成功","data":result}
            return json.dumps(data, ensure_ascii=False)
        else:
            return json.dumps({"code":-1,"msg":"没有查询该表的权限"},ensure_ascii=False)

    return json.dumps({"code":-1,"msg":"请传入table_name"},ensure_ascii=False)

2.网络编程，调用接口

import json
from urllib.request import urlopen
from urllib.parse import urlencode
import requests

#get请求
url = "http://127.0.0.1:8888/get?name=abbb"
req = urlopen(url)
result = json.loads(req.read().decode())
print(result)

#post请求
url = "http://127.0.0.1:8888/get"
data = {"name":"post"}
#name=xxx
req = urlopen(url,urlencode(data).encode())
print(req.read().decode())

#get
url = "http://127.0.0.1:8888/get"
data = {"name":"哈哈哈哈"}
req = requests.get(url=url,params=data)

#post
url = "http://127.0.0.1:8888/get"
data = {"name":"哈哈哈哈"}
req = requests.post(url,data=data,params={"xx":"xx"})
# params=xx,参数是传在url后面的
# data=xxx，参数是传在body里面的form-data的

#header、cookie
url = "http://127.0.0.1:8888/header"
# req = requests.post(url,headers={"name":"xiaoming"},cookies={"time":"123456","time2":"666666"})
req = requests.post(url,headers={"name":"xiaoming","cookie":"time=123456;time2=666666"})

#入参是json的
url = "http://127.0.0.1:8888/json"
data = {"age":36,"name":"哈哈哈哈","sex":1111}
req = requests.post(url,json=data)

#文件上传
url = "http://127.0.0.1:8888/file"
files = {"file":open("/Users/nhy/Desktop/linux.emmx",'rb')}
req = requests.post(url,files=files)

#文件下载
url = "https://q4.qlogo.cn/g?b=qq&nk=1357396742&s=140"
req = requests.get(url)
with open("lby.jpg",'wb') as fw:
    fw.write(req.content)

#返回值类型转换
print(req.status_code) #返回的http状态码
print(req.json() ) #直接把返回的数据转成字典
print(req.text) #返回的是字符串
print(req.content) #返回的是bytes类型的
print(req.cookies) #返回的cookie
print(req.headers) #响应头