Spring的JDBC Template

Spring的JDBC Template(JDBC模板)简化JDBC API开发，使用上和Apache公司的DBUtils框架非常类似）

快速入门实例

1、创建项目后，导入Spring基础核心开发包、数据库驱动包以及日志记录相关包

导入JDBC模板开发包：spring-jdbc-3.2.7.RELEASE.jar、spring-tx-3.2.7.RELEASE.jar以及mySql的驱动

2、创建applicationContext.xml

3、编写一个测试类

package com.js.demo1;


import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource;
 
public class SpringJDBCTemplateTest {
    
    @Test
    public void demo1(){
        
        //创建连接池，这里使用的是Spring自带的连接池
        DriverManagerDataSource dataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();
        //设置参数
        dataSource.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/springjdbc");
        dataSource.setUsername("root");
        dataSource.setPassword("123456");
        
        //使用JDBC的模板，传入DataSource，带参构造器或者setter方法均可
        JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
        jdbcTemplate.execute("create table user (id int primary key auto_increment,name varchar(20))");
        System.out.println("创建 table user...");
    }
}

默认连接池、DBCP连接池、C3P0池的配置

1、在src目录下新建属性文件，文件名任意，我这里取jdbc.properties，文件前后不能有多余空格。

2、将参数写入属性文件中，属性名可以任意，但是不能和连接池的默认属性冲突，比如C3P0连接池赋值为user的不能是${jdbc.username}：

jdbc.driver = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/springjdbc?characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc.name = root
jdbc.password = 123456

设置参数到属性文件的两种方式

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop  http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

<!-- 第1种，配置属性文件：配置bean，暂时注释 -->

<!-- <bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">

<property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties"></property>

</bean> -->

<!-- 第2种，配置属性文件：引入context约束，然后解析属性文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>

<!-- 配置Spring默认连接池 -->
<bean id="defaultDataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
    <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
    <property name="username" value="${jdbc.name}"></property>
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 定义JDBC的模板类 -->
<bean id="defaultJdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="defaultDataSource"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

1、默认连接池，实现类 DriverManagerDataSource

1、导入JDBC模板开发包：spring-jdbc-3.2.7.RELEASE.jar、spring-tx-3.2.7.RELEASE.jar以及mySql的驱动

2、配置Spring默认连接池以及JDBC模板类

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop  http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

<!-- 第1种，配置属性文件：配置bean，暂时注释 -->
<!-- <bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties"></property>
</bean> -->

<!-- 第2种，配置属性文件：引入context约束，然后解析属性文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>

<!-- 配置Spring默认连接池 -->
<bean id="defaultDataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
    <property name="url" value="${jdbc.name}"></property>
    <property name="username" value="${jdbc.name}"></property>
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 定义JDBC的模板类 -->
<bean id="defaultJdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="defaultDataSource"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

3、编写测试类

package com.js.demo1;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
 
/**
 * 默认连接池配置测试
 *  * @author hdb
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class DefaultDataSourceTest {
    
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("defaultJdbcTemplate")
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
    
    @Test
    public void demo2(){
        jdbcTemplate.execute("create table user1 (id int primary key auto_increment,name varchar(20))");
        System.out.println("创建 table user1...");
    }
}

2、DBCP数据源 BasicDataSource 

1、导入JDBC模板开发包：spring-jdbc-3.2.7.RELEASE.jar、spring-tx-3.2.7.RELEASE.jar、commons-dbcp-1.4.jar、commons-pool-1.6.jar以及mySql的驱动

2、配置DBCP连接池

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop  http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

<!-- 第1种，配置属性文件：配置bean，暂时注释 -->
<!-- <bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties"></property>
</bean> -->

<!-- 第2种，配置属性文件：引入context约束，然后解析属性文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>

<!-- 配置DBCP连接池 -->
<bean id="dbcpDataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
    <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
    <property name="username" value="${jdbc.name}"></property>
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 定义JDBC的模板类 -->
<bean id="dbcpJdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dbcpDataSource"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

3、编写测试类

package com.js.demo1;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
 
/**
 * DBCP连接池配置测试
 * @author hdb
 *
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class DbcpDataSourceTest {
    
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("dbcpJdbcTemplate")
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
    
    @Test
    public void demo2(){
        jdbcTemplate.execute("create table user2 (id int primary key auto_increment,name varchar(20))");
        System.out.println("创建 table user2...");
    }
}

3、C3P0数据源 ComboPooledDataSource（重点掌握）

1、导入JDBC模板开发包：spring-jdbc-3.2.7.RELEASE.jar、spring-tx-3.2.7.RELEASE.jar、com.springsource.com.mchange.v2.c3p0-0.9.1.2.jar以及mySql的驱动

2、配置C3P0连接池

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop  http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

<!-- 第1种，配置属性文件：配置bean，暂时注释 -->
<!-- <bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties"></property>
</bean> -->

<!-- 第2种，配置属性文件：引入context约束，然后解析属性文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>

<!-- 配置C3P0连接池 -->
<bean id="C3p0DataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
    <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
    <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
    <property name="user" value="${jdbc.name}"></property>
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 定义JDBC的模板类 -->
<bean id="C3p0JdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="C3p0DataSource"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

3、编写测试类

package com.js.demo1;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
 
/**
 * C3P0连接池配置测试
 * @author hdb
 *
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class C3p0DataSourceTest {
    
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("C3p0JdbcTemplate")
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
    
    @Test
    public void demo2(){
        jdbcTemplate.execute("create table user3 (id int primary key auto_increment,name varchar(20))");
        System.out.println("创建 table user3...");
    }
}