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  • Python 基本数据类型

    一运算符

    1算数运算符

    2.比较运算符

    3.赋值运算符

    4.逻辑运算符

    二.基本数据类型

    1.数字

    数字 age = 123

      1 复制代码
      2 class int(object):
      3     """
      4     int(x=0) -> int or long
      5     int(x, base=10) -> int or long
      6     
      7     Convert a number or string to an integer, or return 0 if no arguments
      8     are given.  If x is floating point, the conversion truncates towards zero.
      9     If x is outside the integer range, the function returns a long instead.
     10     
     11     If x is not a number or if base is given, then x must be a string or
     12     Unicode object representing an integer literal in the given base.  The
     13     literal can be preceded by '+' or '-' and be surrounded by whitespace.
     14     The base defaults to 10.  Valid bases are 0 and 2-36.  Base 0 means to
     15     interpret the base from the string as an integer literal.
     16     >>> int('0b100', base=0)
     17     4
     18     """
     19     def bit_length(self): 
     20         """ 返回表示该数字的时占用的最少位数 """
     21         """
     22         int.bit_length() -> int
     23         
     24         Number of bits necessary to represent self in binary.
     25         >>> bin(37)
     26         '0b100101'
     27         >>> (37).bit_length()
     28         6
     29         """
     30         return 0
     31 
     32     def conjugate(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
     33         """ 返回该复数的共轭复数 """
     34         """ Returns self, the complex conjugate of any int. """
     35         pass
     36 
     37     def __abs__(self):
     38         """ 返回绝对值 """
     39         """ x.__abs__() <==> abs(x) """
     40         pass
     41 
     42     def __add__(self, y):
     43         """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """
     44         pass
     45 
     46     def __and__(self, y):
     47         """ x.__and__(y) <==> x&y """
     48         pass
     49 
     50     def __cmp__(self, y): 
     51         """ 比较两个数大小 """
     52         """ x.__cmp__(y) <==> cmp(x,y) """
     53         pass
     54 
     55     def __coerce__(self, y):
     56         """ 强制生成一个元组 """ 
     57         """ x.__coerce__(y) <==> coerce(x, y) """
     58         pass
     59 
     60     def __divmod__(self, y): 
     61         """ 相除,得到商和余数组成的元组 """ 
     62         """ x.__divmod__(y) <==> divmod(x, y) """
     63         pass
     64 
     65     def __div__(self, y): 
     66         """ x.__div__(y) <==> x/y """
     67         pass
     68 
     69     def __float__(self): 
     70         """ 转换为浮点类型 """ 
     71         """ x.__float__() <==> float(x) """
     72         pass
     73 
     74     def __floordiv__(self, y): 
     75         """ x.__floordiv__(y) <==> x//y """
     76         pass
     77 
     78     def __format__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
     79         pass
     80 
     81     def __getattribute__(self, name): 
     82         """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """
     83         pass
     84 
     85     def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
     86         """ 内部调用 __new__方法或创建对象时传入参数使用 """ 
     87         pass
     88 
     89     def __hash__(self): 
     90         """如果对象object为哈希表类型,返回对象object的哈希值。哈希值为整数。在字典查找中,哈希值用于快速比较字典的键。两个数值如果相等,则哈希值也相等。"""
     91         """ x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) """
     92         pass
     93 
     94     def __hex__(self): 
     95         """ 返回当前数的 十六进制 表示 """ 
     96         """ x.__hex__() <==> hex(x) """
     97         pass
     98 
     99     def __index__(self): 
    100         """ 用于切片,数字无意义 """
    101         """ x[y:z] <==> x[y.__index__():z.__index__()] """
    102         pass
    103 
    104     def __init__(self, x, base=10): # known special case of int.__init__
    105         """ 构造方法,执行 x = 123 或 x = int(10) 时,自动调用,暂时忽略 """ 
    106         """
    107         int(x=0) -> int or long
    108         int(x, base=10) -> int or long
    109         
    110         Convert a number or string to an integer, or return 0 if no arguments
    111         are given.  If x is floating point, the conversion truncates towards zero.
    112         If x is outside the integer range, the function returns a long instead.
    113         
    114         If x is not a number or if base is given, then x must be a string or
    115         Unicode object representing an integer literal in the given base.  The
    116         literal can be preceded by '+' or '-' and be surrounded by whitespace.
    117         The base defaults to 10.  Valid bases are 0 and 2-36.  Base 0 means to
    118         interpret the base from the string as an integer literal.
    119         >>> int('0b100', base=0)
    120         4
    121         # (copied from class doc)
    122         """
    123         pass
    124 
    125     def __int__(self): 
    126         """ 转换为整数 """ 
    127         """ x.__int__() <==> int(x) """
    128         pass
    129 
    130     def __invert__(self): 
    131         """ x.__invert__() <==> ~x """
    132         pass
    133 
    134     def __long__(self): 
    135         """ 转换为长整数 """ 
    136         """ x.__long__() <==> long(x) """
    137         pass
    138 
    139     def __lshift__(self, y): 
    140         """ x.__lshift__(y) <==> x<<y """
    141         pass
    142 
    143     def __mod__(self, y): 
    144         """ x.__mod__(y) <==> x%y """
    145         pass
    146 
    147     def __mul__(self, y): 
    148         """ x.__mul__(y) <==> x*y """
    149         pass
    150 
    151     def __neg__(self): 
    152         """ x.__neg__() <==> -x """
    153         pass
    154 
    155     @staticmethod # known case of __new__
    156     def __new__(S, *more): 
    157         """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """
    158         pass
    159 
    160     def __nonzero__(self): 
    161         """ x.__nonzero__() <==> x != 0 """
    162         pass
    163 
    164     def __oct__(self): 
    165         """ 返回改值的 八进制 表示 """ 
    166         """ x.__oct__() <==> oct(x) """
    167         pass
    168 
    169     def __or__(self, y): 
    170         """ x.__or__(y) <==> x|y """
    171         pass
    172 
    173     def __pos__(self): 
    174         """ x.__pos__() <==> +x """
    175         pass
    176 
    177     def __pow__(self, y, z=None): 
    178         """ 幂,次方 """ 
    179         """ x.__pow__(y[, z]) <==> pow(x, y[, z]) """
    180         pass
    181 
    182     def __radd__(self, y): 
    183         """ x.__radd__(y) <==> y+x """
    184         pass
    185 
    186     def __rand__(self, y): 
    187         """ x.__rand__(y) <==> y&x """
    188         pass
    189 
    190     def __rdivmod__(self, y): 
    191         """ x.__rdivmod__(y) <==> divmod(y, x) """
    192         pass
    193 
    194     def __rdiv__(self, y): 
    195         """ x.__rdiv__(y) <==> y/x """
    196         pass
    197 
    198     def __repr__(self): 
    199         """转化为解释器可读取的形式 """
    200         """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """
    201         pass
    202 
    203     def __str__(self): 
    204         """转换为人阅读的形式,如果没有适于人阅读的解释形式的话,则返回解释器课阅读的形式"""
    205         """ x.__str__() <==> str(x) """
    206         pass
    207 
    208     def __rfloordiv__(self, y): 
    209         """ x.__rfloordiv__(y) <==> y//x """
    210         pass
    211 
    212     def __rlshift__(self, y): 
    213         """ x.__rlshift__(y) <==> y<<x """
    214         pass
    215 
    216     def __rmod__(self, y): 
    217         """ x.__rmod__(y) <==> y%x """
    218         pass
    219 
    220     def __rmul__(self, y): 
    221         """ x.__rmul__(y) <==> y*x """
    222         pass
    223 
    224     def __ror__(self, y): 
    225         """ x.__ror__(y) <==> y|x """
    226         pass
    227 
    228     def __rpow__(self, x, z=None): 
    229         """ y.__rpow__(x[, z]) <==> pow(x, y[, z]) """
    230         pass
    231 
    232     def __rrshift__(self, y): 
    233         """ x.__rrshift__(y) <==> y>>x """
    234         pass
    235 
    236     def __rshift__(self, y): 
    237         """ x.__rshift__(y) <==> x>>y """
    238         pass
    239 
    240     def __rsub__(self, y): 
    241         """ x.__rsub__(y) <==> y-x """
    242         pass
    243 
    244     def __rtruediv__(self, y): 
    245         """ x.__rtruediv__(y) <==> y/x """
    246         pass
    247 
    248     def __rxor__(self, y): 
    249         """ x.__rxor__(y) <==> y^x """
    250         pass
    251 
    252     def __sub__(self, y): 
    253         """ x.__sub__(y) <==> x-y """
    254         pass
    255 
    256     def __truediv__(self, y): 
    257         """ x.__truediv__(y) <==> x/y """
    258         pass
    259 
    260     def __trunc__(self, *args, **kwargs): 
    261         """ 返回数值被截取为整形的值,在整形中无意义 """
    262         pass
    263 
    264     def __xor__(self, y): 
    265         """ x.__xor__(y) <==> x^y """
    266         pass
    267 
    268     denominator = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    269     """ 分母 = 1 """
    270     """the denominator of a rational number in lowest terms"""
    271 
    272     imag = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    273     """ 虚数,无意义 """
    274     """the imaginary part of a complex number"""
    275 
    276     numerator = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    277     """ 分子 = 数字大小 """
    278     """the numerator of a rational number in lowest terms"""
    279 
    280     real = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    281     """ 实属,无意义 """
    282     """the real part of a complex number"""
    int

    indetationError 缩进错误

    一个等号是赋值,两个等号是比较。

    2.字符串

    a1='abs'

    a2="sdf"

    a3="""nsdfis"""

     字符串方法:

    S = "guifeng"

    capitalize()  #  首字母变大写
    S.capitalize()

    def center(self, width, fillchar=None):  
            """ 内容居中,width:总长度;fillchar:空白处填充内容,默认无 """

     def count(self, sub, start=None, end=None):  
            """ 子序列个数 """
            """
            S.count(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
    def decode(self, encoding=None, errors=None):  
            """ 解码 """
    def encode(self, encoding=None, errors=None):  
            """ 编码,针对unicode """

    def endswith(self, suffix, start=None, end=None):  
            """ 是否以 xxx 结束 """
    def expandtabs(self, tabsize=None):  
            """ 将tab转换成空格,默认一个tab转换成8个空格 """
    def find(self, sub, start=None, end=None):  
            """ 寻找子序列位置,如果没找到,返回 -1 """
     def isalnum(self):  
            """ 是否是字母和数字 """
     def isalpha(self):  
            """ 是否是字母 """
     def isdigit(self):  
            """ 是否是数字 """
     def islower(self):  
            """ 是否小写 """
    def join(self, iterable):  
            """ 连接 """

    def ljust(self, width, fillchar=None):
            """ 内容左对齐,右侧填充 """

      def lower(self):  
            """ 变小写 """
     def lstrip(self, chars=None):  
            """ 移除左侧空白 """

        def partition(self, sep):  
            """ 分割,前,中,后三部分 """
            """
            S.partition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)
      def replace(self, old, new, count=None):  
            """ 替换 """
       def startswith(self, prefix, start=None, end=None):  
            """ 是否起始 """
      def strip(self, chars=None):  
            """ 移除两段空白 """
        def swapcase(self):  
            """ 大写变小写,小写变大写 """

    class str(basestring):
        """
        str(object='') -> string
        
        Return a nice string representation of the object.
        If the argument is a string, the return value is the same object.
        """
        def capitalize(self):  
            """ 首字母变大写 """
            """
            S.capitalize() -> string
            
            Return a copy of the string S with only its first character
            capitalized.
            """
            return ""
    
        def center(self, width, fillchar=None):  
            """ 内容居中,width:总长度;fillchar:空白处填充内容,默认无 """
            """
            S.center(width[, fillchar]) -> string
            
            Return S centered in a string of length width. Padding is
            done using the specified fill character (default is a space)
            """
            return ""
    
        def count(self, sub, start=None, end=None):  
            """ 子序列个数 """
            """
            S.count(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
            
            Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substring sub in
            string S[start:end].  Optional arguments start and end are interpreted
            as in slice notation.
            """
            return 0
    
        def decode(self, encoding=None, errors=None):  
            """ 解码 """
            """
            S.decode([encoding[,errors]]) -> object
            
            Decodes S using the codec registered for encoding. encoding defaults
            to the default encoding. errors may be given to set a different error
            handling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise
            a UnicodeDecodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore' and 'replace'
            as well as any other name registered with codecs.register_error that is
            able to handle UnicodeDecodeErrors.
            """
            return object()
    
        def encode(self, encoding=None, errors=None):  
            """ 编码,针对unicode """
            """
            S.encode([encoding[,errors]]) -> object
            
            Encodes S using the codec registered for encoding. encoding defaults
            to the default encoding. errors may be given to set a different error
            handling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise
            a UnicodeEncodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore', 'replace' and
            'xmlcharrefreplace' as well as any other name registered with
            codecs.register_error that is able to handle UnicodeEncodeErrors.
            """
            return object()
    
        def endswith(self, suffix, start=None, end=None):  
            """ 是否以 xxx 结束 """
            """
            S.endswith(suffix[, start[, end]]) -> bool
            
            Return True if S ends with the specified suffix, False otherwise.
            With optional start, test S beginning at that position.
            With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.
            suffix can also be a tuple of strings to try.
            """
            return False
    
        def expandtabs(self, tabsize=None):  
            """ 将tab转换成空格,默认一个tab转换成8个空格 """
            """
            S.expandtabs([tabsize]) -> string
            
            Return a copy of S where all tab characters are expanded using spaces.
            If tabsize is not given, a tab size of 8 characters is assumed.
            """
            return ""
    
        def find(self, sub, start=None, end=None):  
            """ 寻找子序列位置,如果没找到,返回 -1 """
            """
            S.find(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
            
            Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found,
            such that sub is contained within S[start:end].  Optional
            arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.
            
            Return -1 on failure.
            """
            return 0
    
        def format(*args, **kwargs): # known special case of str.format
            """ 字符串格式化,动态参数,将函数式编程时细说 """
            """
            S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> string
            
            Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from args and kwargs.
            The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}').
            """
            pass
    
        def index(self, sub, start=None, end=None):  
            """ 子序列位置,如果没找到,报错 """
            S.index(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
            
            Like S.find() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found.
            """
            return 0
    
        def isalnum(self):  
            """ 是否是字母和数字 """
            """
            S.isalnum() -> bool
            
            Return True if all characters in S are alphanumeric
            and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
            """
            return False
    
        def isalpha(self):  
            """ 是否是字母 """
            """
            S.isalpha() -> bool
            
            Return True if all characters in S are alphabetic
            and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
            """
            return False
    
        def isdigit(self):  
            """ 是否是数字 """
            """
            S.isdigit() -> bool
            
            Return True if all characters in S are digits
            and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
            """
            return False
    
        def islower(self):  
            """ 是否小写 """
            """
            S.islower() -> bool
            
            Return True if all cased characters in S are lowercase and there is
            at least one cased character in S, False otherwise.
            """
            return False
    
        def isspace(self):  
            """
            S.isspace() -> bool
            
            Return True if all characters in S are whitespace
            and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
            """
            return False
    
        def istitle(self):  
            """
            S.istitle() -> bool
            
            Return True if S is a titlecased string and there is at least one
            character in S, i.e. uppercase characters may only follow uncased
            characters and lowercase characters only cased ones. Return False
            otherwise.
            """
            return False
    
        def isupper(self):  
            """
            S.isupper() -> bool
            
            Return True if all cased characters in S are uppercase and there is
            at least one cased character in S, False otherwise.
            """
            return False
    
        def join(self, iterable):  
            """ 连接 """
            """
            S.join(iterable) -> string
            
            Return a string which is the concatenation of the strings in the
            iterable.  The separator between elements is S.
            """
            return ""
    
        def ljust(self, width, fillchar=None):  
            """ 内容左对齐,右侧填充 """
            """
            S.ljust(width[, fillchar]) -> string
            
            Return S left-justified in a string of length width. Padding is
            done using the specified fill character (default is a space).
            """
            return ""
    
        def lower(self):  
            """ 变小写 """
            """
            S.lower() -> string
            
            Return a copy of the string S converted to lowercase.
            """
            return ""
    
        def lstrip(self, chars=None):  
            """ 移除左侧空白 """
            """
            S.lstrip([chars]) -> string or unicode
            
            Return a copy of the string S with leading whitespace removed.
            If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.
            If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping
            """
            return ""
    
        def partition(self, sep):  
            """ 分割,前,中,后三部分 """
            """
            S.partition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)
            
            Search for the separator sep in S, and return the part before it,
            the separator itself, and the part after it.  If the separator is not
            found, return S and two empty strings.
            """
            pass
    
        def replace(self, old, new, count=None):  
            """ 替换 """
            """
            S.replace(old, new[, count]) -> string
            
            Return a copy of string S with all occurrences of substring
            old replaced by new.  If the optional argument count is
            given, only the first count occurrences are replaced.
            """
            return ""
    
        def rfind(self, sub, start=None, end=None):  
            """
            S.rfind(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
            
            Return the highest index in S where substring sub is found,
            such that sub is contained within S[start:end].  Optional
            arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.
            
            Return -1 on failure.
            """
            return 0
    
        def rindex(self, sub, start=None, end=None):  
            """
            S.rindex(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
            
            Like S.rfind() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found.
            """
            return 0
    
        def rjust(self, width, fillchar=None):  
            """
            S.rjust(width[, fillchar]) -> string
            
            Return S right-justified in a string of length width. Padding is
            done using the specified fill character (default is a space)
            """
            return ""
    
        def rpartition(self, sep):  
            """
            S.rpartition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)
            
            Search for the separator sep in S, starting at the end of S, and return
            the part before it, the separator itself, and the part after it.  If the
            separator is not found, return two empty strings and S.
            """
            pass
    
        def rsplit(self, sep=None, maxsplit=None):  
            """
            S.rsplit([sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings
            
            Return a list of the words in the string S, using sep as the
            delimiter string, starting at the end of the string and working
            to the front.  If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit splits are
            done. If sep is not specified or is None, any whitespace string
            is a separator.
            """
            return []
    
        def rstrip(self, chars=None):  
            """
            S.rstrip([chars]) -> string or unicode
            
            Return a copy of the string S with trailing whitespace removed.
            If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.
            If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping
            """
            return ""
    
        def split(self, sep=None, maxsplit=None):  
            """ 分割, maxsplit最多分割几次 """
            """
            S.split([sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings
            
            Return a list of the words in the string S, using sep as the
            delimiter string.  If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit
            splits are done. If sep is not specified or is None, any
            whitespace string is a separator and empty strings are removed
            from the result.
            """
            return []
    
        def splitlines(self, keepends=False):  
            """ 根据换行分割 """
            """
            S.splitlines(keepends=False) -> list of strings
            
            Return a list of the lines in S, breaking at line boundaries.
            Line breaks are not included in the resulting list unless keepends
            is given and true.
            """
            return []
    
        def startswith(self, prefix, start=None, end=None):  
            """ 是否起始 """
            """
            S.startswith(prefix[, start[, end]]) -> bool
            
            Return True if S starts with the specified prefix, False otherwise.
            With optional start, test S beginning at that position.
            With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.
            prefix can also be a tuple of strings to try.
            """
            return False
    
        def strip(self, chars=None):  
            """ 移除两段空白 """
            """
            S.strip([chars]) -> string or unicode
            
            Return a copy of the string S with leading and trailing
            whitespace removed.
            If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.
            If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping
            """
            return ""
    
        def swapcase(self):  
            """ 大写变小写,小写变大写 """
            """
            S.swapcase() -> string
            
            Return a copy of the string S with uppercase characters
            converted to lowercase and vice versa.
            """
            return ""
    
        def title(self):  
            """
            S.title() -> string
            
            Return a titlecased version of S, i.e. words start with uppercase
            characters, all remaining cased characters have lowercase.
            """
            return ""
    
        def translate(self, table, deletechars=None):  
            """
            转换,需要先做一个对应表,最后一个表示删除字符集合
            intab = "aeiou"
            outtab = "12345"
            trantab = maketrans(intab, outtab)
            str = "this is string example....wow!!!"
            print str.translate(trantab, 'xm')
            """
    
            """
            S.translate(table [,deletechars]) -> string
            
            Return a copy of the string S, where all characters occurring
            in the optional argument deletechars are removed, and the
            remaining characters have been mapped through the given
            translation table, which must be a string of length 256 or None.
            If the table argument is None, no translation is applied and
            the operation simply removes the characters in deletechars.
            """
            return ""
    
        def upper(self):  
            """
            S.upper() -> string
            
            Return a copy of the string S converted to uppercase.
            """
            return ""
    
        def zfill(self, width):  
            """方法返回指定长度的字符串,原字符串右对齐,前面填充0。"""
            """
            S.zfill(width) -> string
            
            Pad a numeric string S with zeros on the left, to fill a field
            of the specified width.  The string S is never truncated.
            """
            return ""
    
        def _formatter_field_name_split(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
            pass
    
        def _formatter_parser(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
            pass
    
        def __add__(self, y):  
            """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """
            pass
    
        def __contains__(self, y):  
            """ x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x """
            pass
    
        def __eq__(self, y):  
            """ x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """
            pass
    
        def __format__(self, format_spec):  
            """
            S.__format__(format_spec) -> string
            
            Return a formatted version of S as described by format_spec.
            """
            return ""
    
        def __getattribute__(self, name):  
            """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """
            pass
    
        def __getitem__(self, y):  
            """ x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] """
            pass
    
        def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
            pass
    
        def __getslice__(self, i, j):  
            """
            x.__getslice__(i, j) <==> x[i:j]
                       
                       Use of negative indices is not supported.
            """
            pass
    
        def __ge__(self, y):  
            """ x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """
            pass
    
        def __gt__(self, y):  
            """ x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """
            pass
    
        def __hash__(self):  
            """ x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) """
            pass
    
        def __init__(self, string=''): # known special case of str.__init__
            """
            str(object='') -> string
            
            Return a nice string representation of the object.
            If the argument is a string, the return value is the same object.
            # (copied from class doc)
            """
            pass
    
        def __len__(self):  
            """ x.__len__() <==> len(x) """
            pass
    
        def __le__(self, y):  
            """ x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """
            pass
    
        def __lt__(self, y):  
            """ x.__lt__(y) <==> x<y """
            pass
    
        def __mod__(self, y):  
            """ x.__mod__(y) <==> x%y """
            pass
    
        def __mul__(self, n):  
            """ x.__mul__(n) <==> x*n """
            pass
    
        @staticmethod # known case of __new__
        def __new__(S, *more):  
            """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """
            pass
    
        def __ne__(self, y):  
            """ x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """
            pass
    
        def __repr__(self):  
            """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """
            pass
    
        def __rmod__(self, y):  
            """ x.__rmod__(y) <==> y%x """
            pass
    
        def __rmul__(self, n):  
            """ x.__rmul__(n) <==> n*x """
            pass
    
        def __sizeof__(self):  
            """ S.__sizeof__() -> size of S in memory, in bytes """
            pass
    
        def __str__(self):  
            """ x.__str__() <==> str(x) """
            pass
    
    str
    字符串
     

    3.布尔值
    True/False

    4.列表:

    name_list = ["a","b","s"]

    索引
    print name-list[0]

    切片

    name_list[0,2]

    len
    print name-list[2,name_lixnt.len()]

    向后边追加:
    append

    name_list.append("d")

    统计元素出现次数
    count
    name_list.count("d")

    #iterable 可迭代的

    扩展,相当于批量增加
    extend
    l = ["1","2"]
    name_list.extend(l)

    获取指定索引
    index
    name_list.index("a")

    插入,指定索引位置插入
    insert
    name_list.insert(1,"sb")

    去掉列表的最后一个。
    pop
    name_list.pop()

    移除左边找到的第一个某个元素,
    remove
    name_list.remove("s")

    反转列表
    reverse
    name_list.reverse()


    删除指定索引号元素

    del name_list[1]
    del name_list[1:3]

    列表排序
    sort
    name_list.sort()

    class list(object):
        """
        list() -> new empty list
        list(iterable) -> new list initialized from iterable's items
        """
        def append(self, p_object): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ L.append(object) -- append object to end """
            pass
    
        def count(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ L.count(value) -> integer -- return number of occurrences of value """
            return 0
    
        def extend(self, iterable): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ L.extend(iterable) -- extend list by appending elements from the iterable """
            pass
    
        def index(self, value, start=None, stop=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """
            L.index(value, [start, [stop]]) -> integer -- return first index of value.
            Raises ValueError if the value is not present.
            """
            return 0
    
        def insert(self, index, p_object): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ L.insert(index, object) -- insert object before index """
            pass
    
        def pop(self, index=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """
            L.pop([index]) -> item -- remove and return item at index (default last).
            Raises IndexError if list is empty or index is out of range.
            """
            pass
    
        def remove(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """
            L.remove(value) -- remove first occurrence of value.
            Raises ValueError if the value is not present.
            """
            pass
    
        def reverse(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ L.reverse() -- reverse *IN PLACE* """
            pass
    
        def sort(self, cmp=None, key=None, reverse=False): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """
            L.sort(cmp=None, key=None, reverse=False) -- stable sort *IN PLACE*;
            cmp(x, y) -> -1, 0, 1
            """
            pass
    
        def __add__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """
            pass
    
        def __contains__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x """
            pass
    
        def __delitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ x.__delitem__(y) <==> del x[y] """
            pass
    
        def __delslice__(self, i, j): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """
            x.__delslice__(i, j) <==> del x[i:j]
                       
                       Use of negative indices is not supported.
            """
            pass
    
        def __eq__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """
            pass
    
        def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """
            pass
    
        def __getitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] """
            pass
    
        def __getslice__(self, i, j): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """
            x.__getslice__(i, j) <==> x[i:j]
                       
                       Use of negative indices is not supported.
            """
            pass
    
        def __ge__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """
            pass
    
        def __gt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """
            pass
    
        def __iadd__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ x.__iadd__(y) <==> x+=y """
            pass
    
        def __imul__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ x.__imul__(y) <==> x*=y """
            pass
    
        def __init__(self, seq=()): # known special case of list.__init__
            """
            list() -> new empty list
            list(iterable) -> new list initialized from iterable's items
            # (copied from class doc)
            """
            pass
    
        def __iter__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ x.__iter__() <==> iter(x) """
            pass
    
        def __len__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ x.__len__() <==> len(x) """
            pass
    
        def __le__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """
            pass
    
        def __lt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ x.__lt__(y) <==> x<y """
            pass
    
        def __mul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ x.__mul__(n) <==> x*n """
            pass
    
        @staticmethod # known case of __new__
        def __new__(S, *more): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """
            pass
    
        def __ne__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """
            pass
    
        def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """
            pass
    
        def __reversed__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ L.__reversed__() -- return a reverse iterator over the list """
            pass
    
        def __rmul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ x.__rmul__(n) <==> n*x """
            pass
    
        def __setitem__(self, i, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ x.__setitem__(i, y) <==> x[i]=y """
            pass
    
        def __setslice__(self, i, j, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """
            x.__setslice__(i, j, y) <==> x[i:j]=y
                       
                       Use  of negative indices is not supported.
            """
            pass
    
        def __sizeof__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
            """ L.__sizeof__() -- size of L in memory, in bytes """
            pass
    
        __hash__ = None
    
    list
    列表


    5.元组 tuple

    元组很列表几乎一样,但是列表是可以修改的,元组是不能修改的。

    name_tuple=("a","b")

    索引

    name_tuple[0]

    len
    print name_tuple(len(name_tuple)-1)

    切片
    print name_tuple[0:1]

    for

    for i in name_tuple:

    获取元素的索引位置

    name_tuple("a")

    计算元素出现的个数
    def count(self, value):

    获取指定元素索引位置
    def index(self, value, start=None, stop=None)

    6.字典 dict

    #字典的每个元素,键值对


    user_info={

    "name":"sb",
    "age":42,
    "gender":"man"

    }
    #索引
    print user_info["name"]


    循环

    for i in user_info: #默认只输出key
    print i

    print user_info.key() #获取所有的key
    print user_info.values() # 获取所有values
    print user_info.items() #获取所有键值对

    for k,v user_info.items():
    print k,v


    清除所有内容
    clear
    user_info.clear()

    get 根据key获取值,如果key不存在,可以指定默认值

    user_info.get("a",123)

    def pop(self, k, d=None) 可以指定key
    """ 获取并在字典中移除

    user_info.pop("age")


    def popitem(self): 由后往前
    user_info.popitem()
    print user_info
    """ 获取并在字典中移除 """


    更新字典:
    update
    test= {
    "a"=1
    "s"=2
    }
    user_info.update(test)


    删除

    del user_info("value")

     7.enumrate

    自动生成一列,默认0自增
    enumrate
    li = ["电脑","别墅","美女"]
    for k,v in enumerate(li, 1):
    print(k,v)

    8.range和xrange  


    指定范围,生成指定的数字

    print range(1, 10)
    # 结果:[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

    print range(1, 10, 2)
    # 结果:[1, 3, 5, 7, 9]

    print range(30, 0, -2)
    # 结果:[30, 28, 26, 24, 22, 20, 18, 16, 14, 12, 10, 8, 6, 4, 2]  


    # 三元运算
    # name = 值1 if 条件 esle 值2
    if 1==1:
    name="alxe"
    else:
    name="eric"
    #三元运算

    name = "alxe" if 1==1 else "eric"
    print(name)

    # 如果条件成立,那么将 “值1” 赋值给result变量,否则,将“值2”赋值给result变量

    #深浅拷贝
    # 1.对于 数字 和 字符串 而言,赋值、浅拷贝和深拷贝无意义,因为其永远指向同一个内存地址。
    import copy

    n1 = 123
    # ## 浅拷贝 ##
    n2 = copy.copy(n1)
    print(id(n2))

    # ## 深拷贝 ##
    n3 = copy.deepcopy(n1)
    print(id(n3))

    # # 对于字典、元祖、列表 而言,进行赋值、浅拷贝和深拷贝时,其内存地址的变化是不同的。
    #
    # 1、赋值
    #
    # 赋值,只是创建一个变量,该变量指向原来内存地址

    # 2、浅拷贝

    # 浅拷贝,在内存中只额外创建第一层数据

    # 3、深拷贝
    #
    # 深拷贝,在内存中将所有的数据重新创建一份(排除最后一层,即:python内部对字符串和数字的优化)
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/huangguifeng/p/6512737.html
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