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Hibernate一对多自关联、多对多关联

今天分享hibernate框架的两个关联关系

多对多关系注意事项

一定要定义一个主控方
多对多删除

主控方直接删除
被控方先通过主控方解除多对多关系，再删除被控方
禁用级联删除

关联关系编辑，不需要直接操作桥接表，hibernate的主控方会自动维护

重点解析：

数据库的多对多

数据库中不能直接映射多对多
处理：创建一个桥接表(中间表)，将一个多对多关系转换成两个一对多

hibernate的多对多

hibernate可以直接映射多对多关联关系(看作两个一对多)

一：一对多自关联

设计数据库

t_hibernate_sys_tree_node表

实体类

TreeNode类

package com.ht.four.entity;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class TreeNode{
    private Integer nodeId;
    private String nodeName;
    private Integer treeNodeType;
    private Integer position;
    private String url;
    private TreeNode parent;
    private Set<TreeNode> children = new HashSet<TreeNode>();
    private Integer initChildren = 0;
    //0懒加载  1.强制加载（子节点） 2.强制加载用户   3.强制加载两个

    public Integer getNodeId() {
        return nodeId;
    }

    public void setNodeId(Integer nodeId) {
        this.nodeId = nodeId;
    }

    public String getNodeName() {
        return nodeName;
    }

    public void setNodeName(String nodeName) {
        this.nodeName = nodeName;
    }

    public Integer getTreeNodeType() {
        return treeNodeType;
    }

    public void setTreeNodeType(Integer treeNodeType) {
        this.treeNodeType = treeNodeType;
    }

    public Integer getPosition() {
        return position;
    }

    public void setPosition(Integer position) {
        this.position = position;
    }

    public String getUrl() {
        return url;
    }

    public void setUrl(String url) {
        this.url = url;
    }

    public TreeNode getParent() {
        return parent;
    }

    public void setParent(TreeNode parent) {
        this.parent = parent;
    }

    public Set<TreeNode> getChildren() {
        return children;
    }

    public void setChildren(Set<TreeNode> children) {
        this.children = children;
    }

    public Integer getInitChildren() {
        return initChildren;
    }

    public void setInitChildren(Integer initChildren) {
        this.initChildren = initChildren;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "TreeNode [nodeId=" + nodeId + ", nodeName=" + nodeName + ", treeNodeType=" + treeNodeType
                + ", position=" + position + ", url=" + url + "]";
    }
    

}

对应实体类的配置文件

TreeNode.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.ht.four.entity.TreeNode" table="t_hibernate_sys_tree_node">
        <id name="nodeId" type="java.lang.Integer" column="tree_node_id">
            <generator class="increment" />
        </id>
        <property name="nodeName" type="java.lang.String"
            column="tree_node_name">
        </property>
        <property name="treeNodeType" type="java.lang.Integer"
            column="tree_node_type">
        </property>
        <property name="position" type="java.lang.Integer"
            column="position">
        </property>
        <property name="url" type="java.lang.String"
            column="url">
        </property>
        
        <many-to-one name="parent" class="com.ht.four.entity.TreeNode" column="parent_node_id"/>
        
        <set name="children" cascade="save-update" inverse="true">
            <key column="parent_node_id"></key>
            <one-to-many class="com.ht.four.entity.TreeNode"/>
        </set>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

在核心配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml中添加实体映射文件

<!-- 一对多的自关联  -->
        <mapping resource="com/ht/four/entity/TreeNode.hbm.xml" />

Dao层

去控制数据库中数据

package com.ht.four.dao;

import org.hibernate.Hibernate;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.ht.four.entity.TreeNode;
import com.ht.two.util.SessionFactoryUtils;

public class TreeNodeDao {
    public TreeNode load(TreeNode treeNode) {
        Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
        Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
        TreeNode t = session.load(TreeNode.class, treeNode.getNodeId());
        if(t != null && new Integer(1).equals(treeNode.getInitChildren())) {
            Hibernate.initialize(t.getChildren());
            Hibernate.initialize(t.getParent());
        }
        transaction.commit();
        session.close();
        return t;
    }
}

Junit测试类（用于测试映射关系的测试类）

TreeNodeDaoTest类

package com.ht.four.dao;

import org.junit.Test;

import com.ht.four.entity.TreeNode;

public class TreeNodeDaoTest {
    private TreeNodeDao treeNodeDao = new TreeNodeDao();


    @Test
    public void testLoad() {
        TreeNode treeNode = new TreeNode();
        treeNode.setNodeId(6);
        treeNode.setInitChildren(1);
        
        TreeNode t = this.treeNodeDao.load(treeNode);
        System.out.println(t);
        System.out.println(t.getParent());
        System.out.println(t.getChildren());
    }

}

运行结果如下图：

二：Hibernate多对多测试案例

多对多级联查询书籍表、书籍类别表

设计数据库表

t_hibernate_book表

t_hibernate_category表

实体类

Book类

package com.ht.four.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class Book implements Serializable{
//    book_id int primary key auto_increment,
//       book_name varchar(50) not null,
//       price float not null
    private Integer bookId;
    private String bookName;
    private Float price;
    
    private Set<Category> categories = new HashSet<Category>();
    private Integer initCategories = 0;

    public Integer getInitCategories() {
        return initCategories;
    }

    public void setInitCategories(Integer initCategories) {
        this.initCategories = initCategories;
    }

    public Integer getBookId() {
        return bookId;
    }

    public void setBookId(Integer bookId) {
        this.bookId = bookId;
    }

    public String getBookName() {
        return bookName;
    }

    public void setBookName(String bookName) {
        this.bookName = bookName;
    }

    public Float getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(Float price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public Set<Category> getCategories() {
        return categories;
    }

    public void setCategories(Set<Category> categories) {
        this.categories = categories;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Book [bookId=" + bookId + ", bookName=" + bookName + ", price=" + price + "]";
    }

    public Book(Integer bookId, String bookName) {
        super();
        this.bookId = bookId;
        this.bookName = bookName;
    }

    public Book() {
        super();
    }
    
    
}

Category类

package com.ht.four.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class Category implements Serializable{
//    category_id int primary key auto_increment,
//       category_name varchar(50) not null
    private Integer categoryId;
    private String categoryName;
    private Set<Book> books = new HashSet<Book>();
    public Integer getCategoryId() {
        return categoryId;
    }
    public void setCategoryId(Integer categoryId) {
        this.categoryId = categoryId;
    }
    public String getCategoryName() {
        return categoryName;
    }
    public void setCategoryName(String categoryName) {
        this.categoryName = categoryName;
    }
    public Set<Book> getBooks() {
        return books;
    }
    public void setBooks(Set<Book> books) {
        this.books = books;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Category [categoryId=" + categoryId + ", categoryName=" + categoryName + "]";
    }
    
}

对应实体映射文件

book.hnm.xml

package com.ht.four.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class Book implements Serializable{
//    book_id int primary key auto_increment,
//       book_name varchar(50) not null,
//       price float not null
    private Integer bookId;
    private String bookName;
    private Float price;
    
    private Set<Category> categories = new HashSet<Category>();
    private Integer initCategories = 0;

    public Integer getInitCategories() {
        return initCategories;
    }

    public void setInitCategories(Integer initCategories) {
        this.initCategories = initCategories;
    }

    public Integer getBookId() {
        return bookId;
    }

    public void setBookId(Integer bookId) {
        this.bookId = bookId;
    }

    public String getBookName() {
        return bookName;
    }

    public void setBookName(String bookName) {
        this.bookName = bookName;
    }

    public Float getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(Float price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public Set<Category> getCategories() {
        return categories;
    }

    public void setCategories(Set<Category> categories) {
        this.categories = categories;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Book [bookId=" + bookId + ", bookName=" + bookName + ", price=" + price + "]";
    }

    public Book(Integer bookId, String bookName) {
        super();
        this.bookId = bookId;
        this.bookName = bookName;
    }

    public Book() {
        super();
    }
    
    
}

book.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.ht.four.entity.Book" table="t_hibernate_book">
        <cache usage="read-only" region="com.ht.four.entity.Book"/>
        <id name="bookId" type="java.lang.Integer" column="book_id">
            <generator class="increment" />
        </id>
        <property name="bookName" type="java.lang.String"
            column="book_name">
        </property>
        <property name="price" type="java.lang.Float"
            column="price">
        </property>
        <!--  
            table:代表中间表
            name:书籍类的属性
            inverse：代表中间表交于对方维护
            key:当前类对应的表列段在中间表中的外键
            many-to-many:
                column:对应的是上面key查出来的另一张表的主键
                class:上述查出来的主键对应的实体类
                
                
             流程：以查询 book_id=8这本书为例
             1.通过建模反射自动生成sql，可以拿到book_id=8这条记录的基本信息    
             2.book_id=8 必读=8去查询中间表 t_hibernate_book_category
                 拿到了cid=8,9
             3.cid=8,9  t_hibernate_category的category_id=8,9
             4.拿到了当前book实例对应的category的集合
             5.最终{book_id=8,book_name=圣墟，price=40}    
        -->
        <set table="t_hibernate_book_category" name="categories" cascade="save-update" inverse="false">
            <!-- one -->
            <key column="bid"></key>
            <!-- many -->
            <many-to-many column="cid" class="com.ht.four.entity.Category"></many-to-many>
        </set>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

category.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.ht.four.entity.Category" table="t_hibernate_category">
        <id name="categoryId" type="java.lang.Integer" column="category_id">
            <generator class="increment" />
        </id>
        <property name="categoryName" type="java.lang.String"
            column="category_name">
        </property>
        
        <set table="t_hibernate_book_category" name="books" cascade="save-update" inverse="true">
            <key column="cid"></key>
            <many-to-many column="bid" class="com.ht.four.entity.Book"></many-to-many>
        </set>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

在核心文件hibernate.cfg.xml中配置实体映射文件

<!-- 多对多实体配置文件 -->
        <mapping resource="com/ht/four/entity/book.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="com/ht/four/entity/category.hbm.xml" />

dao层

控制数据库中的数据

package com.ht.four.dao;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.hibernate.Hibernate;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.query.Query;

import com.ht.four.entity.Book;
import com.ht.four.entity.Category;
import com.ht.two.util.SessionFactoryUtils;

public class BookDao{
    public Integer addBook(Book book) {
        Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
        Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
        Integer bid = (Integer) session.save(book);
        transaction.commit();
        session.close();
        return bid;
    }
    
    public Integer addCategory(Category category) {
        Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
        Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
        Integer cid = (Integer) session.save(category);
        transaction.commit();
        session.close();
        return cid;
    }
    
    public Category getCategory(Category category) {
        Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
        Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
        Category c = session.get(Category.class, category.getCategoryId());
        transaction.commit();
        session.close();
        return c;
    }
    
    public Book getBook(Book book) {
        Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
        Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
        Book b = session.get(Book.class, book.getBookId());
        if (b != null && new Integer(1).equals(book.getInitCategories())) {
            Hibernate.initialize(b.getCategories());
        }
        transaction.commit();
        session.close();
        return b;
    }
    
    public void delBook(Book book) {
        Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
        Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
        session.delete(book);
        transaction.commit();
        session.close();
    }
    
    public void delCategory(Category category) {
        Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
        Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
        Category c = session.get(Category.class, category.getCategoryId());
        if(c!=null) {
            for (Book b : c.getBooks()) {
//                通过在被控方通过主控方来解除关联关系，最后被控方再做删除
                b.getCategories().remove(c);
            }
        }
        session.delete(c);
        transaction.commit();
        session.close();
    }
}

junit测试类（给dao层测试他所写的方法是否正确）

BookDaotext类

package com.ht.four.dao;

import org.junit.Test;

import com.ht.four.entity.Book;
import com.ht.four.entity.Category;

public class BookDaoTest {
    private BookDao bookDao = new BookDao();

    @Test
    public void testGetBook() {
        Book book = new Book();
        book.setBookId(3);
        book.setInitCategories(1);
        Book b = this.bookDao.getBook(book );
        System.out.println(b.getBookName());
        System.out.println(b.getCategories());
    }
    
    /**
     * book.hbm.xml    inverse=fasle
     * category.hbm.xml inverse=true
     * 数据添加正常
     * 书籍表、桥接表各新增一条数据
     */
    @Test
    public void test1() {
        Book book = new Book();
        book.setBookName("本是青灯不归客");
        book.setPrice(10f);
        Category category = new Category();
        category.setCategoryId(5);
//        直接将category对象加入到新建的book中是错误的，因为此时的category是临时态的，hibernate是不会管理的
//        book.getCategories().add(category);
        Category c = this.bookDao.getCategory(category);
//        c.getBooks().add(book);
        book.getCategories().add(c);
        this.bookDao.addBook(book);
    }

    /**
     * book.hbm.xml    inverse=true
     * category.hbm.xml inverse=true
     * 只增加书籍表数据
     * 桥接表不加数据
     * 原因：双方都没有去维护关系
     */
    @Test
    public void test2() {
        Book book = new Book();
        book.setBookName("c");
        book.setPrice(10f);
        Category category = new Category();
        category.setCategoryId(5);
        Category c = this.bookDao.getCategory(category);
        
        book.getCategories().add(c);
        this.bookDao.addBook(book);
//        c.getBooks().add(book);
    }
    
    
}

我们来一个一个测试

首先测试查询方法可不可行

       @Test
    public void testGetBook() {
        Book book = new Book();
        book.setBookId(3);
        book.setInitCategories(1);
        Book b = this.bookDao.getBook(book );
        System.out.println(b.getBookName());
        System.out.println(b.getCategories());
}

运行结果如下：

我们再来看新增方法可不可行

/**
     * book.hbm.xml    inverse=fasle
     * category.hbm.xml inverse=true
     * 数据添加正常
     * 书籍表、桥接表各新增一条数据
     */
    @Test
    public void test1() {
        Book book = new Book();
        book.setBookName("本是青灯不归客");
        book.setPrice(10f);
        Category category = new Category();
        category.setCategoryId(5);
//        直接将category对象加入到新建的book中是错误的，因为此时的category是临时态的，hibernate是不会管理的
//        book.getCategories().add(category);
        Category c = this.bookDao.getCategory(category);
//        c.getBooks().add(book);
        book.getCategories().add(c);
        this.bookDao.addBook(book);
    }

运行结果如下：

配置inverse属性去增加

　　category.hbm.xml、book.hbm.xml中inverse属性皆为默认值true

　　只增加书籍表数据
桥接表不加数据
原因：双方都没有去维护关系

cateagory.hbm.xml

<set table="t_hibernate_book_category" name="books" cascade="save-update" inverse="true">

book.hbm.xml

<set table="t_hibernate_book_category" name="categories" cascade="save-update" inverse="true">
            <!-- one -->
            <key column="bid"></key>
            <!-- many -->
            <many-to-many column="cid" class="com.ht.four.entity.Category"></many-to-many>
        </set>

谢谢观看！！！

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/huangting/p/11203498.html

Hibernate一对多自关联、多对多关联

多对多关系注意事项

重点解析：

数据库的多对多

hibernate的多对多

一：一对多自关联

二：Hibernate多对多测试案例

设计数据库表

实体类

对应实体映射文件

book.hnm.xml

book.hbm.xml

category.hbm.xml

在核心文件hibernate.cfg.xml中配置实体映射文件

dao层

junit测试类（给dao层测试他所写的方法是否正确）

BookDaotext类

我们来一个一个测试

首先测试查询方法可不可行

运行结果如下：

我们再来看新增方法可不可行

运行结果如下：

配置inverse属性去增加

category.hbm.xml、book.hbm.xml中inverse属性皆为默认值true

　　category.hbm.xml、book.hbm.xml中inverse属性皆为默认值true