目的:
Spring简介
项目中配置SpringMVC
Spring之helloword实现五种结果集处理
Spring之增删查改案例
Springmvc静态资源处理
Spring简介
Spring Web MVC是一种基于Java的实现了MVC设计模式的、请求驱动类型的、轻量级Web框架。
1 首先用户发送请求-->DispatherServlet
2 DispatcherServlet-->HandlerMapping
3 DispatcherServlet-->HandlerAdapter
4 HandlerAdapter-->处理器功能处理方法的调用
5 ModelAndView的逻辑视图名-->ViewRecolver
6 View-->渲染
7 返回控制权给DispatcherServlet,由DispatcherServlet返回呼应给用户,流程结束
1 DispatcherServlet在web.xml中的部署描述,从而拦截请求到springMVC
2 HandlerMapping的配置,从而将请求映射到处理器
3 HandlerAdapter的配置,从而支持多种类型的处理器
4 处理器(页面控制器)的配置,从而刊行功能处理
5 ViewResolver的配置,从而将逻辑视图名解析为具体的视图技术
1 前端控制器(DispatcherServlet)
2 请求到处理器映射(HandlerMapping)
3 处理器适配器(HandlerAdapter)
4 视图解析器(ViewResolver)
5 处理器或页面控制器(Controller)
6 验证器(Validator)
6 命令对象(Command 请求参数绑定到的对象就叫命令对象)
7 表单对象(Form Object提供给表单展示和提交到的对象就叫表单对象)
1 @Controller:用于标识处理器类
2 @RequestMapping:请求到处理器功能方法的映射规则,可定义到类和方法
常用参数:value、method
可将@RequestMapping标签定义到类名处窄化路径3 @RequestParam:请求参数到处理器功能处理方法的方法参数上的绑定
常用参数:value、required、defaultValue
注:required设置成false的参数类型必须是引用类型,因为基本数据类型是不能为null的4 @ModelAttribute:请求参数到命令对象的绑定
常用参数:value
4.1 可用@ModelAttribute标注方法参数,方法参数会被添加到Model对象中(作用:向视图层传数据)
4.2 可用@ModelAttribute标注一个非请求处理方法,此方法会在每次调用请求处理方法前被调用(作用:数据初始化)
4.3 可用@ModelAttribute标注方法,方法返回值会被添加到Model对象中(作用:向视图层传数据)
但此方法视图的逻辑图就会根据请求路径解析,例如:a/test42 --> /WEB-INF/a/test42.jsp
太麻烦几乎不用,不用直接保存到Model或ModelAndView中5 @SessionAttributes:指定ModelMap中的哪些属性需要转存到session
常用参数:value、types
注1:必须放到class类名处6 @InitBinder(本章暂不介绍):用于将请求参数转换到命令对象属性的对应类型
7 @RequestBody(重要~~~~~):用于目前比较流行的ajax开发的数据绑定(即提交数据的类型为json格式)
注1:使用@RequestBody注解的时候,前台的Content-Type必须要改为application/json,
如果没有更改,前台会报错415(Unsupported Media Type)。
后台日志就会报错Content type ‘application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8’ not supported。
这些错误Eclipse下Tomcat是不会显示错误信息的,只有使用了日志才会显示
项目中配置SpringMVC
POM.xml
在项目中添加springmvc和JSTL依赖以及tomcat-jsp-api所需要的一些jar包
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- ********************** JSTL依赖 ********************** -->
<!-- 缺少下面的这两个jar包会报java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/servlet/jsp/jstl/core/Config-->
<!-- 原因:org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView在视图解析时需要这二个jar包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--tomcat-jsp-api-->
<tomcat-jsp-api.version>8.0.47</tomcat-jsp-api.version>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>${tomcat-jsp-api.version}</version>
</dependency>
在WEB-INF下添加springmvc-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> <!-- 通过context:component-scan元素扫描指定包下的控制器--> <!--1) 扫描com.javaxl.zf及子子孙孙包下的控制器(扫描范围过大,耗时)--> <aop:aspectj-autoproxy/> <context:component-scan base-package="com.ht"/> <!--2) 此标签默认注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping和AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter --> <!--两个bean,这两个bean是spring MVC为@Controllers分发请求所必须的。并提供了数据绑定支持,--> <!--@NumberFormatannotation支持,@DateTimeFormat支持,@Valid支持,读写XML的支持(JAXB),读写JSON的支持(Jackson)--> <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven> <!--3) ViewResolver 视图分析器--> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <!-- viewClass需要在pom中引入两个包:standard.jar and jstl.jar --> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"></property> <property name="prefix" value="/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> <!-- <!–4) 单独处理图片、样式、js等资源 –>--> <!-- <!–<mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**"/>–>--> <!-- <mvc:resources location="/static/img" mapping="/static/img/**"/>--> <!-- <!–<mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/>–>--> </beans>
修改web.xml
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version="3.1"> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!-- 读取Spring上下文的监听器 --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- Spring和web项目集成end --> <!-- 防止Spring内存溢出监听器 --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- 中文乱码处理 --> <filter> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <!--web.xml 3.0的新特性,是否支持异步--> <async-supported>true</async-supported> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- Spring MVC servlet --> <servlet> <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!--此参数可以不配置,默认值为:/WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml--> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> <!--web.xml 3.0的新特性,是否支持异步--> <async-supported>true</async-supported> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
Spring之helloword实现五种结果集处理
创建一个类:HelloController
package com.ht.controller; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; /** * @author 黄大娘 * @company dogson有限公司 * @create 2019-09-28 11:27 * * 关于结果集处理的五种情况 * 1、转发到页面(webapp下) * 2、转发到action * 3、重定向到页面(webapp下) * 4、重定向到action * 5、转发到 WEB-INF下的页面 */ @Controller public class HelloController { /** * 转发到页面 * @return */ @RequestMapping("hello") public String hello(HttpServletRequest request){ request.setAttribute("msg","转发到页面的方式"); return "hello"; } /** * 重定向到action * @param request * @return */ @RequestMapping("hello2") public String redirectPage(HttpServletRequest request){ request.setAttribute("msg","重定向到action的方式"); return "redirect:hello"; } /** * 重定向到页面 * @param request * @return */ @RequestMapping("hello3") public String redirectPage2(HttpServletRequest request){ // request.setAttribute("msg","重定向到页面的方式"); Object msg = request.getAttribute("msg"); return "redirect:/hello.jsp"; } /** * 转发到action * @param request * @return */ @RequestMapping("hello4") public String forwardAction(HttpServletRequest request){ request.setAttribute("msg","转发到action的方式"); return "forward:hello3"; } /** * 转发到WEB-INF下的页面 * @param request * @return */ @RequestMapping("hello5") public String forwardAction2(HttpServletRequest request){ request.setAttribute("msg","转发到WEB-INF下的页面方式"); return "abc"; } }
前端显示 Hello.jsp
<%-- Created by IntelliJ IDEA. User: 2019091008 Date: 2019/9/28 Time: 22:27 To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates. --%> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>黄大娘</title> </head> <body> hello~本是青灯不归客 <br> ${msg} </body> </html>
效果:
Spring之增删查改案例
后台方法 BookController
package com.ht.controller; import com.ht.Util.PageBean; import com.ht.model.Book; import com.ht.service.BookService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; /** * @author 黄大娘 * @company dogson有限公司 * @create 2019-09-29 0:40 */ @Controller @RequestMapping("/book") public class BookController { @Autowired private BookService bookService; /** *查询 * @param book * @param request * @return */ @RequestMapping("/list") public String list(Book book, HttpServletRequest request){ PageBean pageBean =new PageBean(); pageBean.setRequest(request); List<Map> list = this.bookService.listPager(book, pageBean); request.setAttribute("bookList",list); request.setAttribute("pageBean",pageBean); return "bookList"; } /** * 跳转新增或修改页面 * @param book * @param request * @return */ @RequestMapping("/preSave") public String preSave(Book book, HttpServletRequest request){ if(book.getBid() !=null){ Book b = this.bookService.selectByPrimaryKey(book.getBid()); request.setAttribute("b",b); } return "bookEdit"; } /** * 新增 * @param book * @param request * @return */ @RequestMapping("/add") public String add(Book book, HttpServletRequest request){ this.bookService.insert(book); return "redirect:/book/list"; //重定向 } /** * 删除 * @param bid * @param request * @return */ @RequestMapping("/del/{bid}") public String del(@PathVariable(value = "bid") Integer bid, HttpServletRequest request){ this.bookService.deleteByPrimaryKey(bid); return "redirect:/book/list"; } /** * 修改 * @param book * @param request * @return */ @RequestMapping("/edit") public String edit(Book book, HttpServletRequest request){ this.bookService.updateByPrimaryKeySelective(book); return "redirect:/book/list"; } }
前端调用:
bookList.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %> <%@ taglib prefix="z" uri="/huang" %> <%@ taglib uri="/huang" prefix="z" %> <!--分页--> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> <script type="text/javascript"> function add(){ // window.location.href = "bookEdit.jsp"; window.location.href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/preSave"; } function update(bid){ window.location.href = "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/preSave?bid="+bid; } function del(bid){ window.location.href = "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/"+bid; } </script> </head> <body> <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/list" method="post"> 书名:<input type="text" name="bname"> <input type="submit" value="确定"> </form> <button onclick="add();">新增</button> <table border="1" width="100%"> <tr> <td>编号</td> <td>名称</td> <td>价格</td> <td>操作</td> </tr> <c:forEach items="${bookList }" var="b"> <tr> <td>${b.bid }</td> <td>${b.bname }</td> <td>${b.price }</td> <td> <button onclick="update(${b.bid });">修改</button> <button onclick="del(${b.bid });">删除</button> </td> </tr> </c:forEach> </table>
<!--分页-->
<z:page pageBean="${pageBean}"></z:page>
</body>
</html>
bookEdit.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> <script type="text/javascript"> function doSubmit(bid){ var bookForm = document.getElementById("bookForm"); if(bid){ //修改时候执行 bookForm.action = '${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/edit'; }else{ //新增时候执行 bookForm.action = '${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/add'; } bookForm.submit(); } </script> </head> <body> <form id="bookForm" action="" method="post"> bid:<input type="text" name="bid" value="${b.bid }"><br> bname:<input type="text" name="bname" value="${b.bname }"><br> price:<input type="text" name="price" value="${b.price }"><br> <input type="submit" value="提交" onclick="doSubmit('${b.bid }');"><br> </form> </body> </html>
分页相关工具:
PageTag
package com.ht.Util; import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException; import javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter; import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.BodyTagSupport; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Map.Entry; import java.util.Set; public class PageTag extends BodyTagSupport { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private PageBean pageBean; public PageBean getPageBean() { return pageBean; } public void setPageBean(PageBean pageBean) { this.pageBean = pageBean; } @Override public int doStartTag() throws JspException { JspWriter out = pageContext.getOut(); try { out.print(toHTML()); } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } return super.doStartTag(); } private String toHTML() { StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); /* * 拼接向后台提交数据的form表单 * 注意:拼接的form表单中的page参数是变化的,所以不需要保留上一次请求的值 */ sb.append("<form id='pageBeanForm' action='"+pageBean.getUrl()+"' method='post'>"); sb.append("<input type='hidden' name='page'>"); Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = pageBean.getMap(); if(parameterMap != null && parameterMap.size() > 0) { Set<Entry<String, String[]>> entrySet = parameterMap.entrySet(); for (Entry<String, String[]> entry : entrySet) { if(!"page".equals(entry.getKey())) { String[] values = entry.getValue(); for (String val : values) { sb.append("<input type='hidden' name='"+entry.getKey()+"' value='"+val+"'>"); } } } } sb.append("</form>"); /* * 展示的分页条 */ sb.append("<div style='text-align: right; font-size: 12px;'>"); sb.append("每页"+pageBean.getRows()+"条,共"+pageBean.getTotal()+"条,第"+pageBean.getPage()+"页,共"+pageBean.getMaxPage()+"页 <a href='javascript:gotoPage(1)'>首页</a> <a"); sb.append(" href='javascript:gotoPage("+pageBean.getPreivousPage()+")'>上一页</a> <a"); sb.append(" href='javascript:gotoPage("+pageBean.getNextPage()+")'>下一页</a> <a"); sb.append(" href='javascript:gotoPage("+pageBean.getMaxPage()+")'>尾页</a> <input type='text'"); sb.append(" id='skipPage'"); sb.append(" style='text-align: center; font-size: 12px; 50px;'> <a"); sb.append(" href='javascript:skipPage()'>Go</a>"); sb.append("</div>"); /* * 给分页条添加与后台交互的js代码 */ sb.append("<script type='text/javascript'>"); sb.append(" function gotoPage(page) {"); sb.append(" document.getElementById('pageBeanForm').page.value = page;"); sb.append(" document.getElementById('pageBeanForm').submit();"); sb.append(" }"); sb.append(" function skipPage() {"); sb.append(" var page = document.getElementById('skipPage').value;"); sb.append(" if(!page || isNaN(page) || parseInt(page)<1 || parseInt(page)>"+pageBean.getMaxPage()+"){"); sb.append(" alert('请输入1~N的数字');"); sb.append(" return;"); sb.append(" }"); sb.append(" gotoPage(page);"); sb.append(" }"); sb.append("</script>"); return sb.toString(); } }
Z.tld
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <taglib xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-jsptaglibrary_2_0.xsd" version="2.0"> <description>huang 1.1 core library</description> <display-name>haung core</display-name> <tlib-version>1.1</tlib-version> <short-name>z</short-name> <uri>/huang</uri> <tag> <name>page</name> <tag-class>com.ht.Util.PageTag</tag-class> <body-content>JSP</body-content> <attribute> <name>pageBean</name> <required>true</required> <rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue> </attribute> </tag> </taglib>
效果:
Springmvc静态资源处理
在webapp下创建一个static文件夹里面主专门放静态资源
今天演示就用一张图片测试吧
springmvc-servlet.xml
<!-- <!–4) 单独处理图片、样式、js等资源 –>--> <!-- <!–<mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**"/>–>--> <mvc:resources location="/static/img" mapping="/static/img/**"/> <!-- <!–<mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/>–>-->
效果: