demo:a spreadsheet-like application
Setting the background color by the name of the color
Setting the background color through the RBG value
#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
SS1 -- a spreadsheet-like application.
"""
import os
import re
import sys
from xml.parsers import expat
from xml.sax.saxutils import escape
LEFT, CENTER, RIGHT = "LEFT", "CENTER", "RIGHT"
def ljust(x, n):
return x.ljust(n)
def center(x, n):
return x.center(n)
def rjust(x, n):
return x.rjust(n)
align2action = {LEFT: ljust, CENTER: center, RIGHT: rjust}
align2xml = {LEFT: "left", CENTER: "center", RIGHT: "right"}
xml2align = {"left": LEFT, "center": CENTER, "right": RIGHT}
align2anchor = {LEFT: "w", CENTER: "center", RIGHT: "e"}
def sum(seq):
total = 0
for x in seq:
if x is not None:
total += x
return total
class Sheet:
def __init__(self):
self.cells = {} # {(x, y): cell, ...}
self.ns = dict(
cell = self.cellvalue,
cells = self.multicellvalue,
sum = sum,
)
def cellvalue(self, x, y):
cell = self.getcell(x, y)
if hasattr(cell, 'recalc'):
return cell.recalc(self.ns)
else:
return cell
def multicellvalue(self, x1, y1, x2, y2):
if x1 > x2:
x1, x2 = x2, x1
if y1 > y2:
y1, y2 = y2, y1
seq = []
for y in range(y1, y2+1):
for x in range(x1, x2+1):
seq.append(self.cellvalue(x, y))
return seq
def getcell(self, x, y):
return self.cells.get((x, y))
def setcell(self, x, y, cell):
assert x > 0 and y > 0
assert isinstance(cell, BaseCell)
self.cells[x, y] = cell
def clearcell(self, x, y):
try:
del self.cells[x, y]
except KeyError:
pass
def clearcells(self, x1, y1, x2, y2):
for xy in self.selectcells(x1, y1, x2, y2):
del self.cells[xy]
def clearrows(self, y1, y2):
self.clearcells(0, y1, sys.maxsize, y2)
def clearcolumns(self, x1, x2):
self.clearcells(x1, 0, x2, sys.maxsize)
def selectcells(self, x1, y1, x2, y2):
if x1 > x2:
x1, x2 = x2, x1
if y1 > y2:
y1, y2 = y2, y1
return [(x, y) for x, y in self.cells
if x1 <= x <= x2 and y1 <= y <= y2]
def movecells(self, x1, y1, x2, y2, dx, dy):
if dx == 0 and dy == 0:
return
if x1 > x2:
x1, x2 = x2, x1
if y1 > y2:
y1, y2 = y2, y1
assert x1+dx > 0 and y1+dy > 0
new = {}
for x, y in self.cells:
cell = self.cells[x, y]
if hasattr(cell, 'renumber'):
cell = cell.renumber(x1, y1, x2, y2, dx, dy)
if x1 <= x <= x2 and y1 <= y <= y2:
x += dx
y += dy
new[x, y] = cell
self.cells = new
def insertrows(self, y, n):
assert n > 0
self.movecells(0, y, sys.maxsize, sys.maxsize, 0, n)
def deleterows(self, y1, y2):
if y1 > y2:
y1, y2 = y2, y1
self.clearrows(y1, y2)
self.movecells(0, y2+1, sys.maxsize, sys.maxsize, 0, y1-y2-1)
def insertcolumns(self, x, n):
assert n > 0
self.movecells(x, 0, sys.maxsize, sys.maxsize, n, 0)
def deletecolumns(self, x1, x2):
if x1 > x2:
x1, x2 = x2, x1
self.clearcells(x1, x2)
self.movecells(x2+1, 0, sys.maxsize, sys.maxsize, x1-x2-1, 0)
def getsize(self):
maxx = maxy = 0
for x, y in self.cells:
maxx = max(maxx, x)
maxy = max(maxy, y)
return maxx, maxy
def reset(self):
for cell in self.cells.values():
if hasattr(cell, 'reset'):
cell.reset()
def recalc(self):
self.reset()
for cell in self.cells.values():
if hasattr(cell, 'recalc'):
cell.recalc(self.ns)
def display(self):
maxx, maxy = self.getsize()
width, height = maxx+1, maxy+1
colwidth = [1] * width
full = {}
# Add column heading labels in row 0
for x in range(1, width):
full[x, 0] = text, alignment = colnum2name(x), RIGHT
colwidth[x] = max(colwidth[x], len(text))
# Add row labels in column 0
for y in range(1, height):
full[0, y] = text, alignment = str(y), RIGHT
colwidth[0] = max(colwidth[0], len(text))
# Add sheet cells in columns with x>0 and y>0
for (x, y), cell in self.cells.items():
if x <= 0 or y <= 0:
continue
if hasattr(cell, 'recalc'):
cell.recalc(self.ns)
if hasattr(cell, 'format'):
text, alignment = cell.format()
assert isinstance(text, str)
assert alignment in (LEFT, CENTER, RIGHT)
else:
text = str(cell)
if isinstance(cell, str):
alignment = LEFT
else:
alignment = RIGHT
full[x, y] = (text, alignment)
colwidth[x] = max(colwidth[x], len(text))
# Calculate the horizontal separator line (dashes and dots)
sep = ""
for x in range(width):
if sep:
sep += "+"
sep += "-"*colwidth[x]
# Now print The full grid
for y in range(height):
line = ""
for x in range(width):
text, alignment = full.get((x, y)) or ("", LEFT)
text = align2action[alignment](text, colwidth[x])
if line:
line += '|'
line += text
print(line)
if y == 0:
print(sep)
def xml(self):
out = ['<spreadsheet>']
for (x, y), cell in self.cells.items():
if hasattr(cell, 'xml'):
cellxml = cell.xml()
else:
cellxml = '<value>%s</value>' % escape(cell)
out.append('<cell row="%s" col="%s">
%s
</cell>' %
(y, x, cellxml))
out.append('</spreadsheet>')
return '
'.join(out)
def save(self, filename):
text = self.xml()
with open(filename, "w", encoding='utf-8') as f:
f.write(text)
if text and not text.endswith('
'):
f.write('
')
def load(self, filename):
with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
SheetParser(self).parsefile(f)
class SheetParser:
def __init__(self, sheet):
self.sheet = sheet
def parsefile(self, f):
parser = expat.ParserCreate()
parser.StartElementHandler = self.startelement
parser.EndElementHandler = self.endelement
parser.CharacterDataHandler = self.data
parser.ParseFile(f)
def startelement(self, tag, attrs):
method = getattr(self, 'start_'+tag, None)
if method:
method(attrs)
self.texts = []
def data(self, text):
self.texts.append(text)
def endelement(self, tag):
method = getattr(self, 'end_'+tag, None)
if method:
method("".join(self.texts))
def start_cell(self, attrs):
self.y = int(attrs.get("row"))
self.x = int(attrs.get("col"))
def start_value(self, attrs):
self.fmt = attrs.get('format')
self.alignment = xml2align.get(attrs.get('align'))
start_formula = start_value
def end_int(self, text):
try:
self.value = int(text)
except (TypeError, ValueError):
self.value = None
end_long = end_int
def end_double(self, text):
try:
self.value = float(text)
except (TypeError, ValueError):
self.value = None
def end_complex(self, text):
try:
self.value = complex(text)
except (TypeError, ValueError):
self.value = None
def end_string(self, text):
self.value = text
def end_value(self, text):
if isinstance(self.value, BaseCell):
self.cell = self.value
elif isinstance(self.value, str):
self.cell = StringCell(self.value,
self.fmt or "%s",
self.alignment or LEFT)
else:
self.cell = NumericCell(self.value,
self.fmt or "%s",
self.alignment or RIGHT)
def end_formula(self, text):
self.cell = FormulaCell(text,
self.fmt or "%s",
self.alignment or RIGHT)
def end_cell(self, text):
self.sheet.setcell(self.x, self.y, self.cell)
class BaseCell:
__init__ = None # Must provide
"""Abstract base class for sheet cells.
Subclasses may but needn't provide the following APIs:
cell.reset() -- prepare for recalculation
cell.recalc(ns) -> value -- recalculate formula
cell.format() -> (value, alignment) -- return formatted value
cell.xml() -> string -- return XML
"""
class NumericCell(BaseCell):
def __init__(self, value, fmt="%s", alignment=RIGHT):
assert isinstance(value, (int, float, complex))
assert alignment in (LEFT, CENTER, RIGHT)
self.value = value
self.fmt = fmt
self.alignment = alignment
def recalc(self, ns):
return self.value
def format(self):
try:
text = self.fmt % self.value
except:
text = str(self.value)
return text, self.alignment
def xml(self):
method = getattr(self, '_xml_' + type(self.value).__name__)
return '<value align="%s" format="%s">%s</value>' % (
align2xml[self.alignment],
self.fmt,
method())
def _xml_int(self):
if -2**31 <= self.value < 2**31:
return '<int>%s</int>' % self.value
else:
return '<long>%s</long>' % self.value
def _xml_float(self):
return '<double>%r</double>' % self.value
def _xml_complex(self):
return '<complex>%r</complex>' % self.value
class StringCell(BaseCell):
def __init__(self, text, fmt="%s", alignment=LEFT):
assert isinstance(text, str)
assert alignment in (LEFT, CENTER, RIGHT)
self.text = text
self.fmt = fmt
self.alignment = alignment
def recalc(self, ns):
return self.text
def format(self):
return self.text, self.alignment
def xml(self):
s = '<value align="%s" format="%s"><string>%s</string></value>'
return s % (
align2xml[self.alignment],
self.fmt,
escape(self.text))
class FormulaCell(BaseCell):
def __init__(self, formula, fmt="%s", alignment=RIGHT):
assert alignment in (LEFT, CENTER, RIGHT)
self.formula = formula
self.translated = translate(self.formula)
self.fmt = fmt
self.alignment = alignment
self.reset()
def reset(self):
self.value = None
def recalc(self, ns):
if self.value is None:
try:
self.value = eval(self.translated, ns)
except:
exc = sys.exc_info()[0]
if hasattr(exc, "__name__"):
self.value = exc.__name__
else:
self.value = str(exc)
return self.value
def format(self):
try:
text = self.fmt % self.value
except:
text = str(self.value)
return text, self.alignment
def xml(self):
return '<formula align="%s" format="%s">%s</formula>' % (
align2xml[self.alignment],
self.fmt,
escape(self.formula))
def renumber(self, x1, y1, x2, y2, dx, dy):
out = []
for part in re.split(r'(w+)', self.formula):
m = re.match('^([A-Z]+)([1-9][0-9]*)$', part)
if m is not None:
sx, sy = m.groups()
x = colname2num(sx)
y = int(sy)
if x1 <= x <= x2 and y1 <= y <= y2:
part = cellname(x+dx, y+dy)
out.append(part)
return FormulaCell("".join(out), self.fmt, self.alignment)
def translate(formula):
"""Translate a formula containing fancy cell names to valid Python code.
Examples:
B4 -> cell(2, 4)
B4:Z100 -> cells(2, 4, 26, 100)
"""
out = []
for part in re.split(r"(w+(?::w+)?)", formula):
m = re.match(r"^([A-Z]+)([1-9][0-9]*)(?::([A-Z]+)([1-9][0-9]*))?$", part)
if m is None:
out.append(part)
else:
x1, y1, x2, y2 = m.groups()
x1 = colname2num(x1)
if x2 is None:
s = "cell(%s, %s)" % (x1, y1)
else:
x2 = colname2num(x2)
s = "cells(%s, %s, %s, %s)" % (x1, y1, x2, y2)
out.append(s)
return "".join(out)
def cellname(x, y):
"Translate a cell coordinate to a fancy cell name (e.g. (1, 1)->'A1')."
assert x > 0 # Column 0 has an empty name, so can't use that
return colnum2name(x) + str(y)
def colname2num(s):
"Translate a column name to number (e.g. 'A'->1, 'Z'->26, 'AA'->27)."
s = s.upper()
n = 0
for c in s:
assert 'A' <= c <= 'Z'
n = n*26 + ord(c) - ord('A') + 1
return n
def colnum2name(n):
"Translate a column number to name (e.g. 1->'A', etc.)."
assert n > 0
s = ""
while n:
n, m = divmod(n-1, 26)
s = chr(m+ord('A')) + s
return s
import tkinter as Tk
class SheetGUI:
"""Beginnings of a GUI for a spreadsheet.
TO DO:
- clear multiple cells
- Insert, clear, remove rows or columns
- Show new contents while typing
- Scroll bars
- Grow grid when window is grown
- Proper menus
- Undo, redo
- Cut, copy and paste
- Formatting and alignment
"""
def __init__(self, filename="sheet1.xml", rows=10, columns=5):
"""Constructor.
Load the sheet from the filename argument.
Set up the Tk widget tree.
"""
# Create and load the sheet
self.filename = filename
self.sheet = Sheet()
if os.path.isfile(filename):
self.sheet.load(filename)
# Calculate the needed grid size
maxx, maxy = self.sheet.getsize()
rows = max(rows, maxy)
columns = max(columns, maxx)
# Create the widgets
self.root = Tk.Tk()
self.root.wm_title("Spreadsheet: %s" % self.filename)
self.beacon = Tk.Label(self.root, text="A1",
font=('helvetica', 16, 'bold'))
self.entry = Tk.Entry(self.root)
self.savebutton = Tk.Button(self.root, text="Save",
command=self.save)
self.cellgrid = Tk.Frame(self.root)
# Configure the widget lay-out
self.cellgrid.pack(side="bottom", expand=1, fill="both")
self.beacon.pack(side="left")
self.savebutton.pack(side="right")
self.entry.pack(side="left", expand=1, fill="x")
# Bind some events
self.entry.bind("<Return>", self.return_event)
self.entry.bind("<Shift-Return>", self.shift_return_event)
self.entry.bind("<Tab>", self.tab_event)
self.entry.bind("<Shift-Tab>", self.shift_tab_event)
self.entry.bind("<Delete>", self.delete_event)
self.entry.bind("<Escape>", self.escape_event)
# Now create the cell grid
self.makegrid(rows, columns)
# Select the top-left cell
self.currentxy = None
self.cornerxy = None
self.setcurrent(1, 1)
# Copy the sheet cells to the GUI cells
self.sync()
def delete_event(self, event):
if self.cornerxy != self.currentxy and self.cornerxy is not None:
self.sheet.clearcells(*(self.currentxy + self.cornerxy))
else:
self.sheet.clearcell(*self.currentxy)
self.sync()
self.entry.delete(0, 'end')
return "break"
def escape_event(self, event):
x, y = self.currentxy
self.load_entry(x, y)
def load_entry(self, x, y):
cell = self.sheet.getcell(x, y)
if cell is None:
text = ""
elif isinstance(cell, FormulaCell):
text = '=' + cell.formula
else:
text, alignment = cell.format()
self.entry.delete(0, 'end')
self.entry.insert(0, text)
self.entry.selection_range(0, 'end')
def makegrid(self, rows, columns):
"""Helper to create the grid of GUI cells.
The edge (x==0 or y==0) is filled with labels; the rest is real cells.
"""
self.rows = rows
self.columns = columns
self.gridcells = {}
# Create the top left corner cell (which selects all)
cell = Tk.Label(self.cellgrid, relief='raised')
cell.grid_configure(column=0, row=0, sticky='NSWE')
cell.bind("<ButtonPress-1>", self.selectall)
# Create the top row of labels, and configure the grid columns
for x in range(1, columns+1):
self.cellgrid.grid_columnconfigure(x, minsize=64)
cell = Tk.Label(self.cellgrid, text=colnum2name(x), relief='raised')
cell.grid_configure(column=x, row=0, sticky='WE')
self.gridcells[x, 0] = cell
cell.__x = x
cell.__y = 0
cell.bind("<ButtonPress-1>", self.selectcolumn)
cell.bind("<B1-Motion>", self.extendcolumn)
cell.bind("<ButtonRelease-1>", self.extendcolumn)
cell.bind("<Shift-Button-1>", self.extendcolumn)
# Create the leftmost column of labels
for y in range(1, rows+1):
cell = Tk.Label(self.cellgrid, text=str(y), relief='raised')
cell.grid_configure(column=0, row=y, sticky='WE')
self.gridcells[0, y] = cell
cell.__x = 0
cell.__y = y
cell.bind("<ButtonPress-1>", self.selectrow)
cell.bind("<B1-Motion>", self.extendrow)
cell.bind("<ButtonRelease-1>", self.extendrow)
cell.bind("<Shift-Button-1>", self.extendrow)
# Create the real cells
for x in range(1, columns+1):
for y in range(1, rows+1):
cell = Tk.Label(self.cellgrid, relief='sunken',
bg='white', fg='black')
cell.grid_configure(column=x, row=y, sticky='NSWE')
self.gridcells[x, y] = cell
cell.__x = x
cell.__y = y
# Bind mouse events
cell.bind("<ButtonPress-1>", self.press)
cell.bind("<B1-Motion>", self.motion)
cell.bind("<ButtonRelease-1>", self.release)
cell.bind("<Shift-Button-1>", self.release)
def selectall(self, event):
self.setcurrent(1, 1)
self.setcorner(sys.maxsize, sys.maxsize)
def selectcolumn(self, event):
x, y = self.whichxy(event)
self.setcurrent(x, 1)
self.setcorner(x, sys.maxsize)
def extendcolumn(self, event):
x, y = self.whichxy(event)
if x > 0:
self.setcurrent(self.currentxy[0], 1)
self.setcorner(x, sys.maxsize)
def selectrow(self, event):
x, y = self.whichxy(event)
self.setcurrent(1, y)
self.setcorner(sys.maxsize, y)
def extendrow(self, event):
x, y = self.whichxy(event)
if y > 0:
self.setcurrent(1, self.currentxy[1])
self.setcorner(sys.maxsize, y)
def press(self, event):
x, y = self.whichxy(event)
if x > 0 and y > 0:
self.setcurrent(x, y)
def motion(self, event):
x, y = self.whichxy(event)
if x > 0 and y > 0:
self.setcorner(x, y)
release = motion
def whichxy(self, event):
w = self.cellgrid.winfo_containing(event.x_root, event.y_root)
if w is not None and isinstance(w, Tk.Label):
try:
return w.__x, w.__y
except AttributeError:
pass
return 0, 0
def save(self):
self.sheet.save(self.filename)
def setcurrent(self, x, y):
"Make (x, y) the current cell."
if self.currentxy is not None:
self.change_cell()
self.clearfocus()
self.beacon['text'] = cellname(x, y)
self.load_entry(x, y)
self.entry.focus_set()
self.currentxy = x, y
self.cornerxy = None
gridcell = self.gridcells.get(self.currentxy)
if gridcell is not None:
gridcell['bg'] = 'yellow'
def setcorner(self, x, y):
if self.currentxy is None or self.currentxy == (x, y):
self.setcurrent(x, y)
return
self.clearfocus()
self.cornerxy = x, y
x1, y1 = self.currentxy
x2, y2 = self.cornerxy or self.currentxy
if x1 > x2:
x1, x2 = x2, x1
if y1 > y2:
y1, y2 = y2, y1
for (x, y), cell in self.gridcells.items():
if x1 <= x <= x2 and y1 <= y <= y2:
cell['bg'] = 'lightBlue'
gridcell = self.gridcells.get(self.currentxy)
if gridcell is not None:
gridcell['bg'] = 'yellow'
self.setbeacon(x1, y1, x2, y2)
def setbeacon(self, x1, y1, x2, y2):
if x1 == y1 == 1 and x2 == y2 == sys.maxsize:
name = ":"
elif (x1, x2) == (1, sys.maxsize):
if y1 == y2:
name = "%d" % y1
else:
name = "%d:%d" % (y1, y2)
elif (y1, y2) == (1, sys.maxsize):
if x1 == x2:
name = "%s" % colnum2name(x1)
else:
name = "%s:%s" % (colnum2name(x1), colnum2name(x2))
else:
name1 = cellname(*self.currentxy)
name2 = cellname(*self.cornerxy)
name = "%s:%s" % (name1, name2)
self.beacon['text'] = name
def clearfocus(self):
if self.currentxy is not None:
x1, y1 = self.currentxy
x2, y2 = self.cornerxy or self.currentxy
if x1 > x2:
x1, x2 = x2, x1
if y1 > y2:
y1, y2 = y2, y1
for (x, y), cell in self.gridcells.items():
if x1 <= x <= x2 and y1 <= y <= y2:
cell['bg'] = 'white'
def return_event(self, event):
"Callback for the Return key."
self.change_cell()
x, y = self.currentxy
self.setcurrent(x, y+1)
return "break"
def shift_return_event(self, event):
"Callback for the Return key with Shift modifier."
self.change_cell()
x, y = self.currentxy
self.setcurrent(x, max(1, y-1))
return "break"
def tab_event(self, event):
"Callback for the Tab key."
self.change_cell()
x, y = self.currentxy
self.setcurrent(x+1, y)
return "break"
def shift_tab_event(self, event):
"Callback for the Tab key with Shift modifier."
self.change_cell()
x, y = self.currentxy
self.setcurrent(max(1, x-1), y)
return "break"
def change_cell(self):
"Set the current cell from the entry widget."
x, y = self.currentxy
text = self.entry.get()
cell = None
if text.startswith('='):
cell = FormulaCell(text[1:])
else:
for cls in int, float, complex:
try:
value = cls(text)
except (TypeError, ValueError):
continue
else:
cell = NumericCell(value)
break
if cell is None and text:
cell = StringCell(text)
if cell is None:
self.sheet.clearcell(x, y)
else:
self.sheet.setcell(x, y, cell)
self.sync()
def sync(self):
"Fill the GUI cells from the sheet cells."
self.sheet.recalc()
for (x, y), gridcell in self.gridcells.items():
if x == 0 or y == 0:
continue
cell = self.sheet.getcell(x, y)
if cell is None:
gridcell['text'] = ""
else:
if hasattr(cell, 'format'):
text, alignment = cell.format()
else:
text, alignment = str(cell), LEFT
gridcell['text'] = text
gridcell['anchor'] = align2anchor[alignment]
def test_basic():
"Basic non-gui self-test."
a = Sheet()
for x in range(1, 11):
for y in range(1, 11):
if x == 1:
cell = NumericCell(y)
elif y == 1:
cell = NumericCell(x)
else:
c1 = cellname(x, 1)
c2 = cellname(1, y)
formula = "%s*%s" % (c1, c2)
cell = FormulaCell(formula)
a.setcell(x, y, cell)
## if os.path.isfile("sheet1.xml"):
## print "Loading from sheet1.xml"
## a.load("sheet1.xml")
a.display()
a.save("sheet1.xml")
def test_gui():
"GUI test."
if sys.argv[1:]:
filename = sys.argv[1]
else:
filename = "sheet1.xml"
g = SheetGUI(filename)
g.root.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
#test_basic()
test_gui()
The end of the first section of the code
The Word Unkown
| The First Column | The Second Column |
|---|---|
| metadata | 元数据['metedeite] |
| ol | ordered list 有序的表格 |
| ul | unordered list 无序的表格 |