Struts2笔记2

一.请求参数封装
1.属性驱动:
     (1).无实体类情况:属性和动作类在一起
         a.编写jsp页面,提交数据,例如name和age
           

 <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/demo1.action" method="post">
                 用户名：<input type="text" name="name"/><br/>
                 年龄：<input type="text" name="age"/><br/>
                 <input type="submit" value="提交"/>
             </form>

        b.编写动作类
            

package huguangqin.com.cnblogs.action;
             import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
              //它要想封装成功，有如下要求： 表单元素的name属性取值必须和动作类中的属性一致（get/set方法后面的部分）
            public class UserAction extends ActionSupport {
                 private String name;
                 private Integer age;// struts2会自动转为String.表单可以提交的数据类型包括:String/String[]/资源

                public String demo1() {
                     System.out.println("name=" + name + ",age=" + age);
                     return this.SUCCESS;
                 }

                public String getName() {
                     return name;
                 }

                public void setName(String name) {
                     this.name = name;
                 }

                public Integer getAge() {
                     return age;
                 }

                public void setAge(Integer age) {
                     this.age = age;
                 }

            }

        c.编写struts.xml配置
           

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
             <!-- 导入dtd约束 -->
             <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
                 "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
                 "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
             <struts>
                 <package name="u" extends="struts-default">
                 <action name="*" class="huguangqin.com.cnblogs.action.UserAction" method="{1}">
                     <result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
                </action>
             </package>
             </struts>

    (2).有实体类情况
             动作类和模型数据分开
              * 使用要求：
              *  首先动作类中需要提供模型的get/set方法
              *  模型中要提供私有成员变量的get/set方法
              *  并且这些get/set方法必须和表单的name属性取值能对应上。
         a.编写jsp--注意OGNL语语
           

 <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/demo1.action" method="post">
                 用户名：<input type="text" name="user.name"/><br/>
                 年龄：<input type="text" name="user.age"/><br/>
                 <input type="submit" value="提交"/>
             </form>

        b.编写实体类
        

package huguangqin.com.cnblogs.entity;
         public class User {
             private String name;
             private Integer age;

            public String getName() {
                 return name;
             }

            public void setName(String name) {
                 this.name = name;
             }

            public Integer getAge() {
                 return age;
             }

            public void setAge(Integer age) {
                 this.age = age;
             }

            @Override
             public String toString() {
                 return "User [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]";
             }

        }

        c.编写动作类
       

 package huguangqin.com.cnblogs.action;
         import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
         import huguangqin.com.cnblogs.entity.User;

        //使用要求：首先动作类中需要提供模型的get/set方法;
         //模型中要提供私有成员变量的get/set方法
        //并且这些get/set方法必须和表单的name属性取值能对应上
        public class UserAction extends ActionSupport {
             // 提供模型的实例化对象
            private User user = new User();

            // 提供get/set方法
            public User getUser() {
                 return user;
             }

            public void setUser(User user) {
                 this.user = user;
             }

            public String demo1() {
                 System.out.println(user);
                 return this.SUCCESS;
             }

        }

        d.编写struts.xml
            

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
             <!-- 导入dtd约束 -->
             <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
                 "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
                 "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
             <struts>
                 <package name="u" extends="struts-default">
                 <action name="*" class="huguangqin.com.cnblogs.action.UserAction" method="{1}">
                     <result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
                 </action>
             </package>
             </struts>

     (3)封装到list
         a.编写jsp--注意模型属性取值
           

 <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/demo1.action" method="post">
                 用户名1：<input type="text" name="users[0].name"/><br/>
                 年龄1：<input type="text" name="users[0].age"/><br/>
                 用户名2：<input type="text" name="users[1].name"/><br/>
                 年龄2：<input type="text" name="users[1].age"/><br/>
                 用户名3：<input type="text" name="users[2].name"/><br/>
                 年龄3：<input type="text" name="users[2].age"/><br/>
             <input type="submit" value="提交"/>
             </form>

         b.编写实体类
           

 package huguangqin.com.cnblogs.entity;
             public class User {
                 private String name;
                 private Integer age;

                public String getName() {
                     return name;
                 }

                public void setName(String name) {
                     this.name = name;
                 }

                public Integer getAge() {
                     return age;
                 }

                public void setAge(Integer age) {
                     this.age = age;
                 }

                @Override
                 public String toString() {
                     return "User [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]";
                 }

            }

         c.编写动作类
            

package huguangqin.com.cnblogs.action;
             import java.util.List;
             import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
             import huguangqin.com.cnblogs.entity.User;
             //使用要求： 首先动作类中需要提供模型的get/set方法; 模型中要提供私有成员变量的get/set方法
            //并且这些get/set方法必须和表单的name属性取值能对应上
            public class UserAction extends ActionSupport {
                 private List<User> users;

                public List<User> getUsers() {
                     return users;
                 }

                public void setUsers(List<User> users) {
                     this.users = users;
                 }

                public String demo1() {
                     System.out.println(users);
                     return this.SUCCESS;
                 }

            }

        d.编写Struts
           

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
             <!-- 导入dtd约束 -->
             <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
                 "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
                 "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
             <struts>
                 <package name="u" extends="struts-default">
                 <action name="*" class="huguangqin.com.cnblogs.action.UserAction" method="{1}">
                     <result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
                 </action>
             </package>
             </struts>

    (4)封装到map
         a.编写jsp--注意模型属性
          

  <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/demo1.action" method="post">
                 用户名1：<input type="text" name="users['one'].name"/><br/>
                 年龄1：<input type="text" name="users['one'].age"/><br/>
                 用户名2：<input type="text" name="users['two'].name"/><br/>
                 年龄2：<input type="text" name="users['two'].age"/><br/>
                 用户名3：<input type="text" name="users['three'].name"/><br/>
                 年龄3：<input type="text" name="users['three'].age"/><br/>
                 <input type="submit" value="提交"/>
             </form>

        b.编写实体类
           

 package huguangqin.com.cnblogs.entity;
             public class User {
                 private String name;
                 private Integer age;

                public String getName() {
                     return name;
                 }

                public void setName(String name) {
                     this.name = name;
                 }

                public Integer getAge() {
                     return age;
                 }

                public void setAge(Integer age) {
                     this.age = age;
                 }

                @Override
                 public String toString() {
                     return "User [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]";
                 }

            }

         c.编写动作类
            

package huguangqin.com.cnblogs.action;
             import java.util.Map;
             import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
             import huguangqin.com.cnblogs.entity.User;
             // 使用要求： 首先动作类中需要提供模型的get/set方法; 模型中要提供私有成员变量的get/set方法
            // 并且这些get/set方法必须和表单的name属性取值能对应上
            public class UserAction extends ActionSupport {
                 private Map<String, User> users;

                public Map<String, User> getUsers() {
                     return users;
                 }

                public void setUsers(Map<String, User> users) {
                     this.users = users;
                 }

                public String demo1() {
                     System.out.println(users);
                     return this.SUCCESS;
                 }

            }

         d.编写struts.xml
           

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
             <!-- 导入dtd约束 -->
             <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
                 "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
                 "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
             <struts>
                 <package name="u" extends="struts-default">
                 <action name="*" class="huguangqin.com.cnblogs.action.UserAction" method="{1}">
                     <result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
                 </action>
             </package>
             </struts>

2.模型驱动
a.编写jsp
    

<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/demo1.action" method="post">
         用户名：<input type="text" name="name"/><br/>
         年龄：<input type="text" name="age"/><br/>
         <input type="submit" value="提交"/>
     </form>

b.编写实体类
   

 package huguangqin.com.cnblogs.entity;
     public class User {
         private String name;
         private Integer age;

        public String getName() {
             return name;
         }

        public void setName(String name) {
             this.name = name;
         }

        public Integer getAge() {
             return age;
         }

        public void setAge(Integer age) {
             this.age = age;
         }

        @Override
         public String toString() {
             return "User [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]";
         }

    }

c.编写动作类
    

package huguangqin.com.cnblogs.action;
     import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
    import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
     import huguangqin.com.cnblogs.entity.User;

    //* 使用要求：
    //*  1.动作类必须实现ModelDriven接口，其中泛型提供的是模型对象
    //*   2.在动作类中需要定义一个模型对象，并且必须由我们自己来实例化
    //*   3.提供接口中抽象方法的实现，方法的返回值是我们定义的模型对象
    //*  模型驱动没有要求生成get/set方法

    public class UserAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<User> {
         //实例化模型对象
        private User user = new User();

        public String demo1() {
             System.out.println(user);
             return this.SUCCESS;
         }
         //实现抽象方法,返回模型对象
        @Override
         public User getModel() {
             return user;
         }

    }

d.编写struts
   

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
     <!-- 导入dtd约束 -->
     <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
         "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
         "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
     <struts>
         <package name="u" extends="struts-default">
         <action name="*" class="huguangqin.com.cnblogs.action.UserAction" method="{1}">
             <result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
         </action>
     </package>
     </struts>

二.结果视图的配置
     1.result标签:
         name：逻辑视图的名称，对应着动作方法的返回值。默认值是success。
         type：结果类型，指的就是用什么方式转到定义的页面。默认是dispatcher。
             type的常用取值：
                 dispatcher：(默认值)
                     使用请求转发，转向一个页面。
                 redirect：
                     使用重定向，转向一个页面。它可以用于重定向到另外一个动作。
                 redirectAction：
                     使用重定向，前往指定的动作。
     2.全局结果视图:<global-results>

        <package name="myDefault" extends="struts-default" abstract="true">
             <global-results>
                 <result name="login">/login.jsp</result>
             </global-results>
         </package>

 

三.访问Servlet的API的三种方式
1.使用ServletActionContext
   

 public class HelloAction extends ActionSupport{

    private HttpServletRequest request;
     private HttpServletResponse response;
     private HttpSession session;
     private ServletContext application;

     public String sayHello(){
         request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
         response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();
         session = request.getSession();
         application = ServletActionContext.getServletContext();

         System.out.println(request);
         System.out.println(response);
         System.out.println(session);
         System.out.println(application);
         return SUCCESS;
     }
 }

2.使用ActionContext的方式(ActionContext 是一个map结构的对象)
   

 public class Hello2Action extends ActionSupport{

        private HttpServletRequest request;
         private HttpServletResponse response;
         private HttpSession session;
         private ServletContext application;

        public String sayHello(){
             request = (HttpServletRequest) ActionContext.getContext().get("com.opensymphony.xwork2.dispatcher.HttpServletRequest");
             response = (HttpServletResponse) ActionContext.getContext().get("com.opensymphony.xwork2.dispatcher.HttpServletResponse");
             session = request.getSession();
             application = (ServletContext) ActionContext.getContext().get("com.opensymphony.xwork2.dispatcher.ServletContext");

             System.out.println(request);
             System.out.println(response);
             System.out.println(session);
             System.out.println(application);
             return SUCCESS;
         }
     }

3.通过实现接口的方式

public class Hello3Action extends ActionSupport implements ServletRequestAware,ServletResponseAware,ServletContextAware{

    private HttpServletRequest request;
     private HttpServletResponse response;
     private HttpSession session;
     private ServletContext application;

    public String sayHello(){

         session = request.getSession();

         System.out.println(request);
         System.out.println(response);
         System.out.println(session);
         System.out.println(application);
         return SUCCESS;
     }

     @Override
     public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
         this.request = request;
     }
     @Override
     public void setServletResponse(HttpServletResponse response) {
         this.response = response;
     }
     @Override
     public void setServletContext(ServletContext application) {
         this.application = application;
     }


 }