一、功能描述
用爬虫爬取#我们的叁叁肆#下的微博，然后再爬取他们的个人主页信息，获取年龄、地区、性别等信息，然后用数据分析，再可视化呈现。
注意：文中说的微博个人主页信息均为微博公开信息，不包含任何隐私信息，同时全文中将不会出现任何人的个人信息，信息仅用于学习分析，任何人不得使用此教程用作商用，违者后果自付！
二、技术方案
我们大概分解下技术步骤，以及使用的技术
1、爬取#我们的叁叁肆#下的微博
2、根据每条微博爬取该用户的基本信息
3、将信息保存到csv文件
4、使用数据分析用户年龄、性别分布
5、分析逼粉的地区
6、使用词云分析打榜微博内容
爬取数据我们可以使用requests库，保存csv文件我们可以使用内置库csv，而可视化数据分析这次给大家介绍一个超级好用的库pyecharts，技术选型好了之后我们就可以开始技术实现了！
三、爬取超话微博
1、找到超话加载数据的url
我们在谷歌浏览器（chrome）中找到#我们的叁叁肆超话#页面，然后调出调试窗口，改为手机模式，然后过滤请求，只查看异步请求，查看返回数据格式，找到微博内容所在！
2.代码模拟请求数据
拿到链接我们就可以模拟请求，这里我们还是使用我们熟悉的requests库。简单几句便可以获取微博！
import requests def spider_topic(): ''' 爬取新浪话题 :return: ''' url = 'https://m.weibo.cn/api/container/getIndex?containerid=100808143f5419c464669aa3ec977bbeb21eeb_-_soul&luicode=10000011&lfid=100808143f5419c464669aa3ec977bbeb21eeb_-_main' kv = {'Referer': 'https://m.weibo.cn/p/index?containerid=100808143f5419c464669aa3ec977bbeb21eeb_-_soul&luicode=10000011&lfid=100808143f5419c464669aa3ec977bbeb21eeb_-_main', 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 6.0; Nexus 5 Build/MRA58N) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/77.0.3865.90 Mobile Safari/537.36', 'Accept': 'application/json, text/plain, */*', 'MWeibo - Pwa': '1', 'Sec - Fetch - Mode': 'cors', 'X - Requested - With': 'XMLHttpRequest', 'X - XSRF - TOKEN': '4dd422'} try: r = requests.get(url, headers=kv) r.raise_for_status() print(r.text) except Exception as e: print(e) if __name__ == '__main__': spider_topic()
了解微博返回的数据结构之后我们就可以将微博内容和id提取出来啦！
import json import re import requests def spider_topic(): ''' 爬取新浪话题 :return: ''' url = 'https://m.weibo.cn/api/container/getIndex?containerid=100808143f5419c464669aa3ec977bbeb21eeb_-_soul&luicode=10000011&lfid=100808143f5419c464669aa3ec977bbeb21eeb_-_main' kv = {'Referer': 'https://m.weibo.cn/p/index?containerid=100808143f5419c464669aa3ec977bbeb21eeb_-_soul&luicode=10000011&lfid=100808143f5419c464669aa3ec977bbeb21eeb_-_main', 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 6.0; Nexus 5 Build/MRA58N) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/77.0.3865.90 Mobile Safari/537.36', 'Accept': 'application/json, text/plain, */*', 'MWeibo - Pwa': '1', 'Sec - Fetch - Mode': 'cors', 'X - Requested - With': 'XMLHttpRequest', 'X - XSRF - TOKEN': '4dd422'} try: r = requests.get(url, headers=kv) r.raise_for_status() # 解析数据 r_json = json.loads(r.text) cards = r_json['data']['cards'] # 第一次请求的cards中包含了微博头部信息，以后请求只有微博信息 card_group = cards[2]['card_group'] if len(cards) > 1 else cards[0]['card_group'] for card in card_group: mblog = card['mblog'] # 过滤掉html标签，留下内容 sina_text = re.compile(r'<[^>]+>', re.S).sub(" ", mblog['text']) # # 除去无用开头信息 sina_text = sina_text.replace("我们的叁叁肆超话", '').strip() print(sina_text) except Exception as e: print(e) if __name__ == '__main__': spider_topic()
4.批量爬取微博
在我们提取一条微博之后，我们便可以批量爬取微博啦，如何批量？当然是要分页了？那如何分页?
查找分页参数技巧：比较第一次和第二次请求url，看看有何不同，找出不同的参数！给大家推荐一款文本比较工具：Beyond Compare
比较两次请求的URL发现，第二次比第一次请求链接中多了一个：since_id参数，而这个since_id参数就是每条微博的id！
微博分页机制：根据时间分页，每一条微博都有一个since_id，时间越大的since_id越大所以在请求时将since_id传入，则会加载对应话题下比此since_id小的微博，然后又重新获取最小since_id将最小since_id传入，依次请求，这样便实现分页
了解微博分页机制之后，我们就可以制定我们的分页策略：我们将上一次请求返回的微博中最小的since_id作为下次请求的参数，这样就等于根据时间倒序分页抓取数据！
import json import re import requests min_since_id = None def spider_topic(): ''' 爬取新浪话题 :return: ''' global min_since_id url = 'https://m.weibo.cn/api/container/getIndex?containerid=100808143f5419c464669aa3ec977bbeb21eeb_-_feed&luicode=10000011&lfid=100808143f5419c464669aa3ec977bbeb21eeb_-_main' kv = {'Referer': 'https://m.weibo.cn/p/index?containerid=100808143f5419c464669aa3ec977bbeb21eeb_-_soul&luicode=10000011&lfid=100808143f5419c464669aa3ec977bbeb21eeb_-_main', 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 6.0; Nexus 5 Build/MRA58N) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/77.0.3865.90 Mobile Safari/537.36', 'Accept': 'application/json, text/plain, */*', 'MWeibo - Pwa': '1', 'Sec - Fetch - Mode': 'cors', 'X - Requested - With': 'XMLHttpRequest', 'X - XSRF - TOKEN': '4dd422'} if min_since_id: url = url + '&since_id=' + min_since_id try: r = requests.get(url, headers=kv) r.raise_for_status() # 解析数据 r_json = json.loads(r.text) cards = r_json['data']['cards'] # 第一次请求的cards中包含了微博头部信息，以后请求只有微博信息 card_group = cards[2]['card_group'] if len(cards) > 1 else cards[0]['card_group'] for card in card_group: mblog = card['mblog'] r_since_id = mblog['id'] # 过滤掉html标签，留下内容 sina_text = re.compile(r'<[^>]+>', re.S).sub(" ", mblog['text']) # # 除去无用开头信息 sina_text = sina_text.replace("我们的叁叁肆超话", '').strip() print(sina_text) # 获取最小since_id,下次请求使用 with open('sansansi.txt', 'a+', encoding='utf-8') as f: f.write(sina_text + ' ') if min_since_id: min_since_id = r_since_id if min_since_id > r_since_id else min_since_id else: min_since_id = r_since_id except Exception as e: print(e) if __name__ == '__main__': for i in range(1000): spider_topic()
四、爬取用户信息
批量爬取微博搞定之后，我们就可以开始爬取用户信息啦！
首先我们得了解，用户基本信息页面的链接为：https://weibo.cn/用户id/info
所以我们只要获取到用户的id就可以拿到他的公开基本信息！
1.获取用户id
回顾我们之前分析的微博数据格式，发现其中便有我们需要的用户id！
所以我们在提取微博内容的时候可以顺便将用户id提取出来！
2.模拟登录
我们获取到用户id之后，只要请求https://weibo.cn/用户id/info 这个url就可以获取公开信息了，但是查看别人用户主页是需要登录的，那我们就先用代码模拟登录！
import requests # 每次请求中最小的since_id,下次请求是用，新浪分页机制 min_since_id = '' # 生成Session对象，用于保存Cookie s = requests.session() def login_sina(): """ 登录新浪微博 :return: """ # 登录rul login_url = 'https://passport.weibo.cn/sso/login' # 请求头 headers = {'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0', 'Referer': 'https://passport.weibo.cn/signin/login?entry=mweibo&res=wel&wm=3349&r=https%3A%2F%2Fm.weibo.cn%2F'} # 传递用户名和密码 data = {'username': '用户名', 'password': '密码', 'savestate': 1, 'entry': 'mweibo', 'mainpageflag': 1} try: r = s.post(login_url, headers=headers, data=data) r.raise_for_status() except: print('登录请求失败') return 0 # 打印请求结果 print(json.loads(r.text)['msg']) return 1
登录我们使用的是requests.Session()对象，这个对象会自动保存cookies，下次请求自动带上cookies！
3.爬取用户公开信息
拿到用户id又登录之后，就可以开始爬取用户公开信息啦！
def spider_user_info(uid) -> list: ''' 爬取用户信息（需要登录），并将基本信息解析字典返回 :param uid: :return: ['用户名'，'性别'，'地区'，'生日'] ''' user_info_url = 'https//weibo.cm/%s/info'%uid kv = { 'user-agent':'Mozilla/5.0' } try: r = s.get(url=user_info_url, headers=kv) r.raise_for_status() # 使用正则提取信息 basic_info_html = re.findall('<div class="tip">基本信息</div><div class="c">(.*?)</div>', r.text) # 提取：用户名，性别，地区，生日 basic_infos = get_basic_info_list(basic_info_html) return basic_infos except Exception as e: print(e) return
这里公开信息我们只要：用户名、性别、地区、生日这些数据！所以我们需要将这几个数据提取出来
def get_basic_info_list(basic_info_html)-> list: ''' 将html解析提取需要的字段 :param basic_info_html: :return: ['用户名'，'性别','地区','生日'] ''' basic_infos = [] basic_info_kvs = basic_info_html[0].split('<br/>') for basic_info_kv in basic_info_kvs: if basic_info_kv.startswitch('昵称'): basic_infos.append(basic_info_kv.split(':')[1]) elif basic_info_kv.startswitch('性别'): basic_infos.append(basic_info_kv.split(":")[1]) elif basic_info_kv.startswitch('地区'): area = basic_info_kv.split(':')[1] # 如果地区是其他的话，就添加空 if '其他' in area or '海外' in area: basic_infos.append('') continue if ' ' in area: area = area.split(' ')[0] basic_infos.append(area) elif basic_info_kv.startswitch('生日'): birthday = basic_info_kv.split(':')[1] # 只判断带年份的才有效 if birthday.startswith('19') or birthday.startswith('20'): # 主要前三位 basic_infos.append(birthday[:3]) else: basic_infos.append("") else: pass #有些用户没有生日，直接添加一个空字符 if len(basic_infos)<4: basic_infos.append("") return basic_infos
爬取用户信息不能过于频繁，否则会出现请求失败（响应状态码=418），但是不会封你的ip，其实很多大厂 不太会轻易的封ip，太容易误伤了，也许一封就是一个小区甚至更大！
五、保存csv文件
微博信息拿到了、用户信息也拿到了，那我们就把这些数据保存起来，方便后面做数据分析！
我们之前一直是保存txt格式的，因为之前都是只有一项数据，而这次是多项数据（微博内容、用户名、地区、年龄、性别等），所以选择CSV（Comma Separated Values逗号分隔值）格式的文件！
我们生成一个列表，然后将数据按顺序放入，再写入csv文件！
然后我们看到有输出结果。
import csv import json import os import random import re import time import requests # 每次请求中最小的since_id,下次请求是用，新浪分页机制 min_since_id = '' # 生成Session对象，用于保存Cookie s = requests.session() # 新浪话题数据保存文件 CSV_FILE_PATH = 'sina_topic.csv' def login_sina(): """ 登录新浪微博 :return: """ # 登录rul login_url = 'https://passport.weibo.cn/sso/login' # 请求头 headers = {'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0', 'Referer': 'https://passport.weibo.cn/signin/login?entry=mweibo&res=wel&wm=3349&r=https%3A%2F%2Fm.weibo.cn%2F'} # 传递用户名和密码 data = {'username': '用户名', 'password': '密码', 'savestate': 1, 'entry': 'mweibo', 'mainpageflag': 1} try: r = s.post(login_url, headers=headers, data=data) r.raise_for_status() except: print('登录请求失败') return 0 # 打印请求结果 print(json.loads(r.text)['msg']) return 1 def spider_topic(): ''' 爬取新浪话题 :return: ''' global min_since_id url = 'https://m.weibo.cn/api/container/getIndex?containerid=100808143f5419c464669aa3ec977bbeb21eeb_-_feed&luicode=10000011&lfid=100808143f5419c464669aa3ec977bbeb21eeb_-_main' kv = {'Referer': 'https://m.weibo.cn/p/index?containerid=100808143f5419c464669aa3ec977bbeb21eeb_-_soul&luicode=10000011&lfid=100808143f5419c464669aa3ec977bbeb21eeb_-_main', 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 6.0; Nexus 5 Build/MRA58N) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/77.0.3865.90 Mobile Safari/537.36', 'Accept': 'application/json, text/plain, */*', 'MWeibo - Pwa': '1', 'Sec - Fetch - Mode': 'cors', 'X - Requested - With': 'XMLHttpRequest', 'X - XSRF - TOKEN': '4dd422'} if min_since_id: url = url + '&since_id=' + min_since_id try: r = requests.get(url, headers=kv) r.raise_for_status() # 解析数据 r_json = json.loads(r.text) cards = r_json['data']['cards'] # 第一次请求的cards中包含了微博头部信息，以后请求只有微博信息 card_group = cards[2]['card_group'] if len(cards) > 1 else cards[0]['card_group'] for card in card_group: # 创建保存数据的列表，最后将它写入csv文件中 sina_columns = [] mblog = card['mblog'] # 解析用户信息 user = mblog['user'] # 爬取用户信息，微博有反扒机制，太快会返回418 try: basic_infos = spider_user_info(user['id']) sina_columns.append(user['id']) # 现将用户信息放进去 sina_columns.extend(basic_infos) # 将用户信息放进去 except Exception as e: print(e) continue # 解析微博内容 r_since_id = mblog['id'] # 过滤掉html标签，留下内容 sina_text = re.compile(r'<[^>]+>', re.S).sub(" ", mblog['text']) # # 除去无用开头信息 sina_text = sina_text.replace("我们的叁叁肆超话", '').strip() # 将微博内容放入列表 sina_columns.append(r_since_id) sina_columns.append(sina_text) # 校验列表是否完整 # sina_colums数据格式：['用不id','用户名','性别','地区','生日','微博id','微博内容'] if len(sina_columns) < 7: print('-----上一条数据不完整----') continue # 保存数据 save_columns_to_csv(sina_columns) # 获取最小since_id,下次请求使用 if min_since_id: min_since_id = r_since_id if min_since_id > r_since_id else min_since_id else: min_since_id = r_since_id # 设置时间间隔 time.sleep(random.randint(3,6)) except Exception as e: print(e) def spider_user_info(uid) -> list: ''' 爬取用户信息（需要登录），并将基本信息解析字典返回 :param uid: :return: ['用户名'，'性别'，'地区'，'生日'] ''' user_info_url = 'https//weibo.cm/%s/info'%uid kv = { 'user-agent':'Mozilla/5.0' } try: r = s.get(url=user_info_url, headers=kv) r.raise_for_status() # 使用正则提取信息 basic_info_html = re.findall('<div class="tip">基本信息</div><div class="c">(.*?)</div>', r.text) # 提取：用户名，性别，地区，生日 basic_infos = get_basic_info_list(basic_info_html) return basic_infos except Exception as e: print(e) return def get_basic_info_list(basic_info_html)-> list: ''' 将html解析提取需要的字段 :param basic_info_html: :return: ['用户名'，'性别','地区','生日'] ''' basic_infos = [] basic_info_kvs = basic_info_html[0].split('<br/>') for basic_info_kv in basic_info_kvs: if basic_info_kv.startswitch('昵称'): basic_infos.append(basic_info_kv.split(':')[1]) elif basic_info_kv.startswitch('性别'): basic_infos.append(basic_info_kv.split(":")[1]) elif basic_info_kv.startswitch('地区'): area = basic_info_kv.split(':')[1] # 如果地区是其他的话，就添加空 if '其他' in area or '海外' in area: basic_infos.append('') continue if ' ' in area: area = area.split(' ')[0] basic_infos.append(area) elif basic_info_kv.startswitch('生日'): birthday = basic_info_kv.split(':')[1] # 只判断带年份的才有效 if birthday.startswith('19') or birthday.startswith('20'): # 主要前三位 basic_infos.append(birthday[:3]) else: basic_infos.append("") else: pass #有些用户没有生日，直接添加一个空字符 if len(basic_infos)<4: basic_infos.append("") return basic_infos def save_columns_to_csv(columns, encoding='utf-8'): with open(CSV_FILE_PATH, 'a', encoding=encoding) as f: f = csv.writer(f) f.writerow(columns) def path_spider_topic(): # 先登录，登录失败则不爬 if not login_sina(): return # 写入数据前线清空之前数据 if os.path.exists(CSV_FILE_PATH): os.remove(CSV_FILE_PATH) # 批量爬 for i in range(25): print('第%d页' % (i + 1)) spider_topic() if __name__ == '__main__': path_spider_topic()
看看生成的csv文件，注意csv如果用wps或excel打开可能会乱码，因为我们写入文件用utf-8编码，而wps或excel只能打开gbk编码的文件，你可以用一般的文本编辑器即可，pycharm也可以！
六、数据分析
数据保存下来之后我们就可以进行数据分析了，首先我们要知道我们需要分析哪些数据？
- 我们可以将性别数据做生成饼图，简单直观
- 将年龄数据作出柱状图，方便对比
- 将地区做成中国热力图，看看哪个地区粉丝最活跃
- 最后将微博内容做成词云图，直观了解大家在说啥
1.读取csv文件列
因为我们保存的数据格式为：’用户id’, ‘用户名’, ‘性别’, ‘地区’, ‘生日’, ‘微博id’, ‘微博内容’，的很多行，而现在做数据分析需要获取指定的某一列，比如：性别列，所以我们需要封装一个方法用来读取指定的列！
def read_csv_to_dict(index) -> dict: """ 读取csv数据 数据格式为：'用户id', '用户名', '性别', '地区', '生日', '微博id', '微博内容' :param index: 读取某一列 从0开始 :return: dic属性为key，次数为value """ with open(CSV_FILE_PATH, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as csvfile: reader = csv.reader(csvfile) column = [columns[index] for columns in reader] dic = collections.Counter(column) # 删除空字符串 if '' in dic: dic.pop('') print(dic) return dic
2.可视化库pyecharts
在我们分析之前，有一件很重要的事情，那就是选择一个合适可视化库！大家都知道Python可视化库非常多，之前我们一直在用matplotlib库做词云，matplotlib做一些简单的绘图非常方便。但是今天我们需要做一个全国分布图，所以经过猪哥对比筛选，选择了国人开发的pyecharts库。选择这个库的理由是：开源免费、文档详细、图形丰富、代码简介，用着就是一个字：爽！
- 官网：https://pyecharts.org/#/
- 源码：https://github.com/pyecharts/pyecharts
- 安装：pip install pyecharts
3.分析性别
选择了可视化库之后，我们就来使用吧！
补充生成的csv文件如果中间有空格，需要去掉空格。
def analysis_gender(): """ 分析性别 :return: """ # 读取性别列 dic = read_csv_to_dict(2) # 生成二维数组 gender_count_list = [list(z) for z in zip(dic.keys(), dic.values())] print(gender_count_list) pie = ( Pie() .add("", gender_count_list) .set_colors(["red", "blue"]) .set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="性别分析")) .set_series_opts(label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(formatter="{b}: {c}")) ) pie.render('gender.html')
这里说下为什么生成的是html？因为这是动态图，就是可以点击选择显示的，非常人性化！执行之后会生成一个gender.html文件，在浏览器打开就可以！
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效果图中可以看到，女逼粉稍小于男逼粉。
4.分析年龄
这一项是大家比较关心的，看看逼粉的年龄情况。
def analysis_age(): """ 分析年龄 :return: """ dic = read_csv_to_dict(4) # 生成柱状图 sorted_dic = {} for key in sorted(dic): sorted_dic[key] = dic[key] print(sorted_dic) bar = ( Bar() .add_xaxis(list(sorted_dic.keys())) .add_yaxis("李逼听众年龄分析", list(sorted_dic.values())) .set_global_opts( yaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(name="数量"), xaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(name="年龄"), ) ) bar.render('age_bar.html') # 生成饼图 age_count_list = [list(z) for z in zip(dic.keys(), dic.values())] pie = ( Pie() .add("", age_count_list) .set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="李逼听众年龄分析")) .set_series_opts(label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(formatter="{b}: {c}")) ) pie.render('age-pie.html')
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5.地区分析
def analysis_area(): """ 分析地区 :return: """ dic = read_csv_to_dict(3) area_count_list = [list(z) for z in zip(dic.keys(), dic.values())] print(area_count_list) map = ( Map() .add("李逼听众地区分析", area_count_list, "china") .set_global_opts( visualmap_opts=opts.VisualMapOpts(max_=200), ) ) map.render('area.html')
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Awesome-pyecharts</title> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://assets.pyecharts.org/assets/echarts.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://assets.pyecharts.org/assets/maps/china.js"></script> </head> <body> <div id="3ec943ef847e4e89bf7b0066319b7cfa" class="chart-container" style="900px; height:500px;"></div> <script> var chart_3ec943ef847e4e89bf7b0066319b7cfa = echarts.init( document.getElementById('3ec943ef847e4e89bf7b0066319b7cfa'), 'white', {renderer: 'canvas'}); var option_3ec943ef847e4e89bf7b0066319b7cfa = { "animation": true, "animationThreshold": 2000, "animationDuration": 1000, "animationEasing": "cubicOut", "animationDelay": 0, "animationDurationUpdate": 300, "animationEasingUpdate": "cubicOut", "animationDelayUpdate": 0, "color": [ "#c23531", "#2f4554", "#61a0a8", "#d48265", "#749f83", "#ca8622", "#bda29a", "#6e7074", "#546570", "#c4ccd3", "#f05b72", "#ef5b9c", "#f47920", "#905a3d", "#fab27b", "#2a5caa", "#444693", "#726930", "#b2d235", "#6d8346", "#ac6767", "#1d953f", "#6950a1", "#918597" ], "series": [ { "type": "map", "name": "u674eu903cu542cu4f17u5730u533au5206u6790", "label": { "show": true, "position": "top", "margin": 8 }, "mapType": "china", "data": [ { "name": "u4e0au6d77", "value": 6 }, { "name": "u6e56u5357", "value": 11 }, { "name": "u5c71u4e1c", "value": 26 }, { "name": "u6cb3u5317", "value": 3 }, { "name": "u6c5fu82cf", "value": 38 }, { "name": "u6cb3u5357", "value": 14 }, { "name": "u56dbu5ddd", "value": 6 }, { "name": "u9655u897f", "value": 19 }, { "name": "u8d35u5dde", "value": 2 }, { "name": "u7518u8083", "value": 5 }, { "name": "u6c5fu897f", "value": 4 }, { "name": "u6d59u6c5f", "value": 21 }, { "name": "u6e56u5317", "value": 6 }, { "name": "u5b89u5fbd", "value": 2 }, { "name": "u5317u4eac", "value": 27 }, { "name": "u91cdu5e86", "value": 6 }, { "name": "u5929u6d25", "value": 1 }, { "name": "u4e91u5357", "value": 16 }, { "name": "u5e7fu897f", "value": 2 }, { "name": "u5c71u897f", "value": 3 }, { "name": "u5185u8499u53e4", "value": 4 }, { "name": "u798fu5efa", "value": 2 }, { "name": "u5e7fu4e1c", "value": 4 }, { "name": "u8fbdu5b81", "value": 7 } ], "roam": true, "zoom": 1, "showLegendSymbol": true, "emphasis": {} } ], "legend": [ { "data": [ "u674eu903cu542cu4f17u5730u533au5206u6790" ], "selected": { "u674eu903cu542cu4f17u5730u533au5206u6790": true }, "show": true } ], "tooltip": { "show": true, "trigger": "item", "triggerOn": "mousemove|click", "axisPointer": { "type": "line" }, "textStyle": { "fontSize": 14 }, "borderWidth": 0 }, "title": [ {} ], "visualMap": { "show": true, "type": "continuous", "min": 0, "max": 200, "inRange": { "color": [ "#50a3ba", "#eac763", "#d94e5d" ] }, "calculable": true, "splitNumber": 5, "orient": "vertical", "showLabel": true } }; chart_3ec943ef847e4e89bf7b0066319b7cfa.setOption(option_3ec943ef847e4e89bf7b0066319b7cfa); </script> </body> </html>
6.内容分析
def analysis_sina_content(): """ 分析微博内容 :return: """ # 读取微博内容列 dic = read_csv_to_dict(6) # 数据清洗，去掉无效词 jieba.analyse.set_stop_words(STOP_WORDS_FILE_PATH) # 词数统计 words_count_list = jieba.analyse.textrank(' '.join(dic.keys()), topK=50, withWeight=True) print(words_count_list) # 生成词云 word_cloud = ( WordCloud() .add("", words_count_list, word_size_range=[20, 100], shape=SymbolType.DIAMOND) .set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="叁叁肆超话微博内容分析")) ) word_cloud.render('word_cloud.html')
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