Elasticsearch学习（二）————搜索

Elasticsearch
1.query string search
1.1.搜索全部
// 1.
GET http://ip:9200/test/test/_search
结果：
{
"took": 86, # 耗费的时间：ms
"timed_out": false, # 是否超时
"_shards": { # 数据存储在5个主分片上
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": { # 匹配结果
"total": 3, # 查询到三个document
"max_score": 1, # 相关度的匹配分数：分数越高越相关
"hits": [
{
"_index": "test", # 索引 index
"_type": "test", # type
"_id": "2", # id:唯一
"_score": 1, # 相关度的匹配分数：分数越高越相关
"_source": { # 存储的json数据
"first_name": "小翠", # field
"last_name": "cuicui",
"age": 18,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"first_name": "John",
"last_name": "Smith",
"age": 25,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "AWrVpGsO0WDJvaOeQOjd",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"first_name": "小翠",
"last_name": "cui",
"age": 18,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
}
]
}
}
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1.2.以about字段中含有climbing字符查询并根据age字段降序排列 可以多个排序，用逗号分隔：
// 2.
GET http://ip:9200/test/test/_search?q=about:climbing&sort=age:desc,price:desc
GET http://ip:9200/test/test/_search?q=about:climbing&sort=age:desc
{
"took": 10,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 3,
"max_score": null,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "1",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"first_name": "John",
"last_name": "Smith",
"age": 25,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
},
"sort": [ #排序字段的值
25
]
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "2",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"first_name": "小翠",
"last_name": "cuicui",
"age": 18,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
},
"sort": [
18
]
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "AWrVpGsO0WDJvaOeQOjd",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"first_name": "小翠",
"last_name": "cui",
"age": 18,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
},
"sort": [
18
]
}
]
}
}
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2.query DSL
2.1.搜索全部
// 1.
POST http://ip:9200/test/test/_search
语法：
{
"query":{
"match_all":{}
}
}
结果：
{
"took": 5,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 5,
"max_score": 1,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "2",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"first_name": "小翠",
"last_name": "cuicui",
"age": 18,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "4",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"first_name": "小翠",
"last_name": "cui",
"age": 18,
"price": 15000,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"first_name": "John",
"last_name": "Smith",
"age": 25,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "AWrVpGsO0WDJvaOeQOjd",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"first_name": "小翠",
"last_name": "cui",
"age": 18,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "3",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"first_name": "小雪",
"last_name": "xiaoxue",
"age": 20,
"about": "climbing",
"interests": [
"dancing",
"music"
]
}
}
]
}
}
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2.2.以about字段中含有climbing字符查询并根据age字段降序排列 可以多个排序，用逗号分隔
// 1.
POST http://ip:9200/test/test/_search
语法：
{
"query":{
"match":{
"about":"climbing"
}
},
"sort":[
{
"age":"desc"
}
]
}

结果：
{
"took": 115,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 5,
"max_score": null,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "1",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"first_name": "John",
"last_name": "Smith",
"age": 25,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
},
"sort": [
25
]
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "3",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"first_name": "小雪",
"last_name": "xiaoxue",
"age": 20,
"about": "climbing",
"interests": [
"dancing",
"music"
]
},
"sort": [
20
]
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "2",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"first_name": "小翠",
"last_name": "cuicui",
"age": 18,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
},
"sort": [
18
]
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "4",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"first_name": "小翠",
"last_name": "cui",
"age": 18,
"price": 15000,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
},
"sort": [
18
]
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "AWrVpGsO0WDJvaOeQOjd",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"first_name": "小翠",
"last_name": "cui",
"age": 18,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
},
"sort": [
18
]
}
]
}
}
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2.3. 分页数据
// 1.
POST http://ip:9200/test/test/_search
语法：
{
"query":{
"match_all":{} # 查询所有
},
"from":0, # 从第几条数据开始 0：第一条
"size":1 # 展示几条数据
}
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2.4.只展示指定的filed
// 1.
POST http://ip:9200/test/test/_search
语法：
{
"query":{
"match_all":{}
},
"_source":[
"first_name",
"age"
]
}

结果：
{
"took": 8,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 5,
"max_score": 1,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "3",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"first_name": "小雪",
"age": 20
}
}
]
}
}
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3.query filter
3.1.多个查询条件：about字段必须包含"climbing"；age大于20岁
// 1.
POST http://ip:9200/test/test/_search
语法：
{
"query":{
"bool":{
"must":{
"match":{
"about":"climbing"
}
},
"filter":{
"range":{
"age":{
"gt":20
}
}
}
}
}
}

结果
{
"took": 7,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 1,
"max_score": 0.26742277,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.26742277,
"_source": {
"first_name": "John",
"last_name": "Smith",
"age": 25,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
}
]
}
}
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3.2. 多个查询条件：must、 should、 must_not
POST http://ip:9200/test/test/_search
{
"query":{
"bool":{
"must":{ # 必须匹配
"match":{
"first_name":"小翠"
}
},
"should":{ # 可以匹配，也可以不匹配
"match":{
"last_name": "xue"
}
},
"must_not":{ # 必须不匹配
"match":{
"last_name": "cui"
}
}
}
}
}
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4.full-test search
4.1.全文检索
// 1.
POST http://ip:9200/test/test/_search
语法：
{
"query":{
"match":{
"about":"go climbing"
}
}
}
分析：es将about这个filed拆解成每个词（term），建立倒排索引，每个term对应相应的document_id
结果：
{
"took": 8,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 7,
"max_score": 0.7447149,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "2",
"_score": 0.7447149,
"_source": {
"first_name": "小翠",
"last_name": "cuicui",
"age": 18,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "4",
"_score": 0.7447149,
"_source": {
"first_name": "小翠",
"last_name": "cui",
"age": 18,
"price": 15000,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.61562645,
"_source": {
"first_name": "John",
"last_name": "Smith",
"age": 25,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "AWrVpGsO0WDJvaOeQOjd",
"_score": 0.61562645,
"_source": {
"first_name": "小翠",
"last_name": "cui",
"age": 18,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "5",
"_score": 0.2876821,
"_source": {
"first_name": "花花",
"last_name": "huahau",
"age": 16,
"price": 20000,
"about": "climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "7",
"_score": 0.25759193,
"_source": {
"about": "go"
}
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "3",
"_score": 0.25759193,
"_source": {
"first_name": "小雪",
"last_name": "xiaoxue",
"age": 20,
"about": "climbing",
"interests": [
"dancing",
"music"
]
}
}
]
}
}
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4.2.短语搜索:匹配短语
// 1.
POST http://ip:9200/test/test/_search
语法：
{
"query":{
"match_phrase":{
"about":"rock climbing"
}
}
}

结果：
{
"took": 20,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 4,
"max_score": 0.9748371,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.9748371,
"_source": {
"first_name": "John",
"last_name": "Smith",
"age": 25,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "2",
"_score": 0.7447149,
"_source": {
"first_name": "小翠",
"last_name": "cuicui",
"age": 18,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "4",
"_score": 0.7447149,
"_source": {
"first_name": "小翠",
"last_name": "cui",
"age": 18,
"price": 15000,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "AWrVpGsO0WDJvaOeQOjd",
"_score": 0.6156264,
"_source": {
"first_name": "小翠",
"last_name": "cui",
"age": 18,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
}
]
}
}
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5.highlight search
5.1.关键字高亮
// 1.
语法：
{
"query":{
"match":{
"about":"climbing" # 关键字
}
},
"highlight":{
"fields":{
"about":{} # 字段
}
}
}

结果：
{
"took": 7,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 6,
"max_score": 0.48741856,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.48741856,
"_source": {
"first_name": "John",
"last_name": "Smith",
"age": 25,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
},
"highlight": {
"about": [
"I love to go rock <em>climbing</em>" # <em> 标签html中高亮显示
]
}
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "2",
"_score": 0.37235746,
"_source": {
"first_name": "小翠",
"last_name": "cuicui",
"age": 18,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
},
"highlight": {
"about": [
"I love to go rock <em>climbing</em>"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "test",
"_id": "4",
"_score": 0.37235746,
"_source": {
"first_name": "小翠",
"last_name": "cui",
"age": 18,
"price": 15000,
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