单词phony (即phoney)的意思是:伪造的,假的。来自collins的解释是:
If you describe something as phoney, you disapprove of it because it is false
rather than genuine.
那么,在Makefile中,.PHONY后面的target表示的也是一个伪造的target, 而不是真实存在的文件target,注意Makefile的target默认是文件。
举个例子:
$ cat -n Makefile1 1 clean: 2 rm -f foo $ cat -n Makefile2 1 .PHONY: clean 2 clean: 3 rm -f foo
Makefile1和Makefile2的差别就是在Makefile2中定义了:
1 .PHONY: clean
- 直接Make看看
$ ls -l total 8 -rw-r--r-- 1 huanli huanli 18 Jul 13 17:51 Makefile1 -rw-r--r-- 1 huanli huanli 32 Jul 13 17:51 Makefile2 $ make -f Makefile1 clean rm -f foo $ make -f Makefile2 clean rm -f foo
Makefile1和Makefile2的行为没有啥子区别嘛,呵呵
- 创建一个文件clean, 再make看看
$ touch clean $ ls -l total 8 -rw-r--r-- 1 huanli huanli 0 Jul 13 18:06 clean -rw-r--r-- 1 huanli huanli 18 Jul 13 17:51 Makefile1 -rw-r--r-- 1 huanli huanli 32 Jul 13 17:51 Makefile2 $ make -f Makefile1 clean make: 'clean' is up to date. $ make -f Makefile2 clean rm -f foo
区别来了,Makefile1拒绝了执行clean, 因为文件clean存在。而Makefile2却不理会文件clean的存在,总是执行clean后面的规则。由此可见,.PHONY clean发挥了作用。
小结:
.PHONY: clean o means the word "clean" doesn't represent a file name in this Makefile; o means the Makefile has nothing to do with a file called "clean" in the same directory.
参考资料:
- Phony Targets of GNU Make