命令缩写： ls：list(列出目录内容) cd：Change Directory（改变目录） su:switch user 切换用户 rpm:redhat package manager 红帽子打包管理器 pwd:print work directory 打印当前目录显示出当前工作目录的绝对路径 ps: process status(进程状态，类似于windows的任务管理器) 常用参数：－auxf ps -auxf 显示进程状态 df: disk free 其功能是显示磁盘可用空间数目信息及空间结点信息。换句话说，就是报告在任何安装的设备或目录中，还剩多少自由的空间。 rpm： 即RedHat Package Management，是RedHat的发明之一 rmdir：Remove Directory（删除目录） rm：Remove（删除目录或文件） cat: concatenate连锁 cat file1 file2>>file3把文件1和文件2的内容联合起来放到file3中 insmod: install module,载入模块 ln -s : link -soft 创建一个软链接，相当于创建一个快捷方式 mkdir：Make Directory(创建目录 touch man: Manual pwd：Print working directory su：Swith user cd：Change directory ls：List files ps：Process Status mkdir：Make directory rmdir：Remove directory mkfs: Make file system fsck：File system check cat: Concatenate uname: Unix name df: Disk free du: Disk usage lsmod: List modules mv: Move file rm: Remove file cp: Copy file ln: Link files fg: Foreground bg: Background chown: Change owner chgrp: Change group chmod: Change mode umount: Unmount dd: 本来应根据其功能描述“Convert an copy”命名为“cc”，但“cc”已经被用以代表“C Complier”，所以命名为“dd” tar：Tape archive ldd：List dynamic dependencies insmod：Install module rmmod：Remove module lsmod：List module 文件结尾的"rc"（如.bashrc、.xinitrc等）：Resource configuration Knnxxx / Snnxxx（位于rcx.d目录下）：K（Kill）；S(Service)；nn（执行顺序号）；xxx（服务标识） .a（扩展名a）：Archive，static library .so（扩展名so）：Shared object，dynamically linked library .o（扩展名o）：Object file，complied result of C/C++ source file RPM：Red hat package manager dpkg：Debian package manager apt：Advanced package tool（Debian或基于Debian的发行版中提供） 部分Linux命令缩 bin = BINaries #下面的是一些二进制程序文件 /dev = DEVices #下面的是一些硬件驱动 /etc = ETCetera #目录存放着各种系统配置文件, 类似于windows下的system /lib = LIBrary /proc = PROCesses /sbin = Superuser BINaries /tmp = TeMPorary /usr = Unix Shared Resources /var = VARiable ? /boot=boot #下面的是开机启动文件 FIFO = First In, First Out GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader IFS = Internal Field Seperators LILO = LInux LOader MySQL = My是最初作者女儿的名字，SQL = Structured Query Language PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP Hypertext Preprocessor PS = Prompt String Perl = "Pratical Extraction and Report Language" = "Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister" Python 得名于电视剧Monty Python's Flying Circus Tcl = Tool Command Language Tk = ToolKit VT = Video Terminal YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool apache = "a patchy" server apt = Advanced Packaging Tool ar = archiver as = assembler awk = "Aho Weiberger and Kernighan" 三个作者的姓的第一个字母 bash = Bourne Again SHell bc = Basic (Better) Calculator bg = BackGround biff = 作者Heidi Stettner在U.C.Berkely养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。 cal = CALendar cat = CATenate cd = Change Directory chgrp = CHange GRouP chmod = CHange MODe chown = CHange OWNer chsh = CHange SHell cmp = compare cobra = Common Object Request Broker Architecture comm = common cp = CoPy cpio = CoPy In and Out cpp = C Pre Processor cron = Chronos 希腊文时间 cups = Common Unix Printing System cvs = Current Version System daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor dc = Desk Calculator dd = Disk Dump df = Disk Free diff = DIFFerence dmesg = diagnostic message du = Disk Usage ed = editor egrep = Extended GREP elf = Extensible Linking Format elm = ELectronic Mail emacs = Editor MACroS eval = EVALuate ex = EXtended exec = EXECute fd = file descriptors fg = ForeGround fgrep = Fixed GREP fmt = format fsck = File System ChecK fstab = FileSystem TABle fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager gawk = GNU AWK gpg = GNU Privacy Guard groff = GNU troff hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer joe = Joe's Own Editor ksh = Korn SHell lame = Lame Ain't an MP3 Encoder lex = LEXical analyser lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of Irritating Superfluous Parentheses ln = LiNk lpr = Line PRint ls = list lsof = LiSt Open Files m4 = Macro processor Version 4 man = MANual pages mawk = Mike Brennan's AWK mc = Midnight Commander mkfs = MaKe FileSystem mknod = MaKe NODe motd = Message of The Day mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa mtab = Mount TABle mv = MoVe nano = Nano's ANOther editor nawk = New AWK nl = Number of Lines nm = names nohup = No HangUP nroff = New ROFF od = Octal Dump passwd = PASSWorD pg = pager pico = PIne's message COmposition editor pine = "Program for Internet News & Email" = "Pine is not Elm" ping = 拟声又 = Packet InterNet Grouper pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability popd = POP Directory pr = pre printf = PRINT Formatted ps = Processes Status pty = pseudo tty pushd = PUSH Directory pwd = Print Working Directory rc = runcom = run command, rc还是plan9的shell rev = REVerse rm = ReMove rn = Read News roff = RunOFF rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat Package Manager rsh, rlogin, rvim中的r = Remote rxvt = ouR XVT seamoneky = 我 sed = Stream EDitor seq = SEQuence shar = SHell ARchive slrn = S-Lang rn ssh = Secure SHell ssl = Secure Sockets Layer stty = Set TTY su = Substitute User svn = SubVersioN tar = Tape ARchive tcsh = TENEX C shell tee = T (T形水管接口) telnet = TEminaL over Network termcap = terminal capability terminfo = terminal information tex = τέχνη的缩写，希腊文art tr = traslate troff = Typesetter new ROFF tsort = Topological SORT tty = TeleTypewriter twm = Tom's Window Manager tz = TimeZone udev = Userspace DEV ulimit = User's LIMIT umask = User's MASK uniq = UNIQue vi = VIsual = Very Inconvenient vim = Vi IMproved wall = write all wc = Word Count wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator xargs = eXtended ARGuments xdm = X Display Manager xlfd = X Logical Font Description xmms = X Multimedia System xrdb = X Resources DataBase xwd = X Window Dump yacc = yet another compiler compiler Fish = the Friendly Interactive SHell su = Switch User MIME = Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions ECMA = European Computer Manufacturers Association xinetd(eXtended InterNET services daemon)xinetd提供类似于inetd+tcp_wrapper的功能 源文档 <http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-27164517-id-3299073.html>