python写一个通讯录step by step V3.0
参考: http://blog.51cto.com/lovelace/1631831
更新功能：
- 数据库进行数据存入和读取操作
- 字典配合函数调用实现switch功能
- 其他：函数、字典、模块调用
注意问题：
- 1、更优美的格式化输出
- 2、把日期换算成年龄
- 3、更新操作做的更优雅
准备工作
db准备
- 创建数据库
mysql> create database txl charset utf8;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.09 sec)
mysql>
- 创建表
mysql> use txl;
Database changed
mysql> create table tb_txl (id int auto_increment primary key,name char(20),gender char(1),brithday date,tel char(20));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.29 sec)
mysql> desc tb_txl;
+----------+----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| name | char(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| gender | char(1) | YES | | NULL | |
| brithday | date | YES | | NULL | |
| tel | char(20) | YES | | NULL | |
+----------+----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
1、模板准备
相对于V1、V2、V3版本的，模板基本一致
模板
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf8
#Author:zhuima
#Date:2015-03-30
#Version:0.1
#Function:display a list and add date
# 导入模块
import os
def menu():
'''设置munu目录，提供给用户的操作接口 '''
print '''
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:sort user info by
0.exit program
'''
op = raw_input('Please select one >>> ')
return op
def txl_exit():
''' 退出程序 '''
os._exit(0)
def txl_error():
''' 当用户输出选项不在定义的选项内的时候，报错'''
print
print 'Unkonw options,Please try again!'
# 定义dict，配合函数实现switch功能
ops = {
# '1':txl_add,
# '2':txl_dis,
# '3':txl_update,
# '4':txl_del,
# '5':txl_sort,
'0':txl_exit,
}
def main():
'''主程序 '''
while True:
op = menu()
ops.get(op,txl_error)()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
2、db_config准备
使用db配置单独生产一个配置文件，直接以模块的形式调用即可
db_config配置文件（调用数据库的好方法，值得借鉴）
[root@mysql01 day0330]# cat db_config.py
import MySQLdb
db_config = {
'host' : 'localhost',
'user' : 'root',
'passwd' : 'zhuima',
'charset' : 'utf8',
'db': 'txl',
}
conn = MySQLdb.connect(**db_config)
cursor = conn.cursor()
3、连接数据库，实现增，查功能
导入db_config模块中的conn和cursor，然后直接使用
代码片段
确保自定义模块能够被正常导入
import sys
module_path = '/zhuima'
sys.path.append(module_path)
# 导入自定义模块
from db_config import conn,cursor
....
def txl_add():
'''读取用户输入信息，并写入数据库'''
name = raw_input('Please enput your name: ')
gender = raw_input('Please enput your gender: ')
brithday = raw_input('like (YYYY-MM-DD) >>> ')
tel = raw_input('Please enput your tel: ')
sql = 'insert into tb_txl values (null,%s,%s,%s,%s)'
cursor.execute(sql,(name,gender,brithday,tel))
conn.commit()
def txl_dis():
'''从数据库中提取信息，然后打印出来 '''
sql = 'select name,gender,brithday,tel from tb_txl'
cursor.execute(sql)
info = cursor.fetchall()
#print "%s %s %s %s" % info
if len(info) > 0:
print "name gender brithday tel"
print "---------------------------"
#print info
# 这里打印出来的结果未作处理
for x in info:
print x
else:
print
print ">>> Empty,There is no user info in db <<<"
#print info
def txl_exit():
'''关闭连接， 退出程序 '''
cursor.close()
conn.close()
os._exit(0)
导入模块测试(如果db_config和当前脚本不在同一个目录下面，要设定path才行)
[root@mysql01 day0330]# python v3_1.py
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:sort user info by
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 2
name gender brithday tel
---------------------------
((u'zhuima', u'f', datetime.date(1988, 12, 8), u'10086'),)
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:sort user info by
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 1
Please enput your name: nick
Please enput your gender: m
like (YYYY-MM-DD) >>> 1990-10-10
Please enput your tel: 10010
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:sort user info by
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 2
name gender brithday tel
---------------------------
(u'zhuima', u'f', datetime.date(1988, 12, 8), u'10086')
(u'nick', u'm', datetime.date(1990, 10, 10), u'10010')
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:sort user info by
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 0
4、连接数据库，实现删功能
导入db_config模块中的conn和cursor，然后直接使用
代码片段
def txl_del():
status = True
name = raw_input('Delete Information By Name >>> ')
select_sql = 'select name from tb_txl'
cursor.execute(select_sql)
info = cursor.fetchall()
print info
for line in info:
if name in line:
status = False
delete_sql = 'delete from tb_txl where name=%s'
cursor.execute(delete_sql,(name,))
conn.commit()
if status:
print
print ">>>Unkonw User,Please Try again! <<<"
测试结果 （中间添加了print来调试代码）
[root@mysql01 day0330]# python v3_1.py
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:sort user info by
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 2
name gender brithday tel
------------------------------------
(u'zhuima', u'f', datetime.date(1988, 12, 8), u'10086')
(u'kale', u'f', datetime.date(1988, 2, 18), u'10032')
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:sort user info by
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 4
Delete Information By Name >>> kale
((u'zhuima',), (u'kale',))
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:sort user info by
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 2
name gender brithday tel
------------------------------------
(u'zhuima', u'f', datetime.date(1988, 12, 8), u'10086')
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:sort user info by
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 4
Delete Information By Name >>> sdfsdf
((u'zhuima',),)
>>>Unkonw User,Please Try again! <<<
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:sort user info by
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 0
5、连接数据库，实现更新功能
根据用户名搜索相关的值来进行更新
update实例演示
mysql> select * from tb_txl;
+----+--------+--------+------------+-------+
| id | name | gender | brithday | tel |
+----+--------+--------+------------+-------+
| 1 | zhuima | f | 1988-12-08 | 10086 |
| 6 | nick | m | 1990-10-06 | 10011 |
+----+--------+--------+------------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> update tb_txl set tel='10010' where name='nick';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.22 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from tb_txl;
+----+--------+--------+------------+-------+
| id | name | gender | brithday | tel |
+----+--------+--------+------------+-------+
| 1 | zhuima | f | 1988-12-08 | 10086 |
| 6 | nick | m | 1990-10-06 | 10010 |
+----+--------+--------+------------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
代码片段
def txl_update():
statue = True
name = raw_input('Update Information By Name >>> ')
select_sql = 'select name from tb_txl'
cursor.execute(select_sql)
info = cursor.fetchall()
for line in info:
if name in line:
status = False
gender = raw_input('Update Your Gender for %s >>> ' % name)
brithday = raw_input('Update Your Brithday like (YYYY-MM-DD) for %s >>> ' % name)
tel = raw_input('Update Your Tel for %s >>> '% name)
update_sql = 'update tb_txl set gender=%s,brithday=%s,tel=%s where name=%s'
cursor.execute(update_sql,(gender,brithday,tel,name,))
conn.commit()
if status:
print
print ">>>Unkonw User,Please Try again! <<<"
执行结果
[root@mysql01 day0330]# python v3_1.py
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:check user info by username
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 2
name gender brithday tel
------------------------------------
(u'nick', u'm', datetime.date(1990, 10, 6), u'10010')
(u'zhuima', u'f', datetime.date(1988, 12, 8), u'10086')
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:check user info by username
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 3
Update Information By Name >>> zhuima
Update Your Gender for zhuima >>> m
Update Your Brithday like (YYYY-MM-DD) for zhuima >>> 1990-10-10
Update Your Tel for zhuima >>> 10000
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:check user info by username
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 2
name gender brithday tel
------------------------------------
(u'nick', u'm', datetime.date(1990, 10, 6), u'10010')
(u'zhuima', u'm', datetime.date(1990, 10, 10), u'10000')
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:check user info by username
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 5
Enter The name >>> sdfsdf
>>>Unkonw User,Please Try again! <<<
6、连接数据库，实现检索功能
根据用户名搜索相关的值然后返显结果
代码片段
def txl_check():
status = True
name = raw_input('Enter The name >>> ')
cursor.execute('select * from tb_txl')
info = cursor.fetchall()
for line in info:
if name in line:
status = False
print line
if status:
print
print ">>>Unkonw User,Please Try again! <<<"
测试结果
[root@mysql01 day0330]# python v3_1.py
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:check user info by username
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 5
Enter The name >>> sdfs
>>>Unkonw User,Please Try again! <<<
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:check user info by username
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 5
Enter The name >>> nick
(6L, u'nick', u'm', datetime.date(1990, 10, 6), u'10010')
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:check user info by username
0.exit program
Please select one >>>
完整代码
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf8
#Author:zhuima
#Date:2015-03-22
#Version:0.1
#Function:display a list and add date
# 导入模块
import os
#确保自定义模块能够被正常导入
import sys
module_path = '/zhuima'
sys.path.append(module_path)
# 导入自定义模块
from db_config import conn,cursor
def menu():
'''设置munu目录，提供给用户的操作接口 '''
print '''
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:check user info by username
0.exit program
'''
op = raw_input('Please select one >>> ')
return op
def txl_add():
'''读取用户输入信息，并写入数据库'''
name = raw_input('Please enput your name: ')
gender = raw_input('Please enput your gender: ')
brithday = raw_input('like (YYYY-MM-DD) >>> ')
tel = raw_input('Please enput your tel: ')
sql = 'insert into tb_txl values (null,%s,%s,%s,%s)'
cursor.execute(sql,(name,gender,brithday,tel))
conn.commit()
def txl_dis():
'''从数据库中提取信息，然后打印出来 '''
sql = 'select name,gender,brithday,tel from tb_txl'
cursor.execute(sql)
info = cursor.fetchall()
#print "%s %s %s %s" % info
if len(info) > 0:
print "name gender brithday tel"
print "------------------------------------"
#print info
for x in info:
print x
else:
print
print ">>> Empty,There is no user info in db <<<"
#print info
def txl_del():
status = True
name = raw_input('Delete Information By Name >>> ')
select_sql = 'select name from tb_txl'
cursor.execute(select_sql)
info = cursor.fetchall()
for line in info:
if name in line:
status = False
delete_sql = 'delete from tb_txl where name=%s'
cursor.execute(delete_sql,(name,))
conn.commit()
if status:
print
print ">>>Unkonw User,Please Try again! <<<"
def txl_update():
statue = True
name = raw_input('Update Information By Name >>> ')
select_sql = 'select name from tb_txl'
cursor.execute(select_sql)
info = cursor.fetchall()
for line in info:
if name in line:
status = False
gender = raw_input('Update Your Gender for %s >>> ' % name)
brithday = raw_input('Update Your Brithday like (YYYY-MM-DD) for %s >>> ' % name)
tel = raw_input('Update Your Tel for %s >>> '% name)
update_sql = 'update tb_txl set gender=%s,brithday=%s,tel=%s where name=%s'
cursor.execute(update_sql,(gender,brithday,tel,name,))
conn.commit()
if status:
print
print ">>>Unkonw User,Please Try again! <<<"
def txl_check():
status = True
name = raw_input('Enter The name >>> ')
cursor.execute('select * from tb_txl')
info = cursor.fetchall()
for line in info:
if name in line:
status = False
print line
if status:
print
print ">>>Unkonw User,Please Try again! <<<"
def txl_exit():
''' 退出程序 '''
cursor.close()
conn.close()
os._exit(0)
def txl_error():
''' 当用户输出选项不在定义的选项内的时候，报错'''
print
print 'Unkonw options,Please try again!'
# 定义dict，配合函数实现switch功能
ops = {
'1':txl_add,
'2':txl_dis,
'3':txl_update,
'4':txl_del,
'5':txl_check,
'0':txl_exit,
}
def main():
'''主程序 '''
while True:
op = menu()
ops.get(op,txl_error)()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
实现格式化输出
brithday输出更正为输出为具体年龄，可视化更强
引入datetime模块
代码片段
def txl_dis():
'''从数据库中提取信息，然后打印出来 '''
status = True
sql = 'select name,gender,brithday,tel from tb_txl'
cursor.execute(sql)
info = cursor.fetchall()
if len(info) > 0:
status = False
print "name gender brithday tel"
print "------------------------------------"
for name,gender,age,tel in info:
today = datetime.date.today()
age = (today-age).days/365
print "%(name)s %(gender)s %(age)s %(tel)s" % locals()
if status:
print
print ">>> Empty,There is no user info in db <<<"
格式化之后的初始版本的脚本：
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf8
#Author:zhuima
#Date:2015-03-22
#Version:0.1
#Function:display a list and add date
# 导入模块
import os
import datetime
#确保自定义模块能够被正常导入
import sys
module_path = '/zhuima'
sys.path.append(module_path)
# 导入自定义模块
from db_config import conn,cursor
def menu():
'''设置munu目录，提供给用户的操作接口 '''
print '''
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:check user info by username
0.exit program
'''
op = raw_input('Please select one >>> ')
return op
def txl_add():
'''读取用户输入信息，并写入数据库'''
name = raw_input('Please enput your name: ')
gender = raw_input('Please enput your gender: ')
brithday = raw_input('like (YYYY-MM-DD) >>> ')
tel = raw_input('Please enput your tel: ')
sql = 'insert into tb_txl values (null,%s,%s,%s,%s)'
cursor.execute(sql,(name,gender,brithday,tel))
conn.commit()
def txl_dis(name=None):
'''从数据库中提取信息，然后打印出来 '''
status = True
sql = 'select name,gender,brithday,tel from tb_txl'
cursor.execute(sql)
info = cursor.fetchall()
if len(info) > 0:
status = False
print "name gender age tel"
print "------------------------------------"
for name,gender,age,tel in info:
today = datetime.date.today()
age = (today-age).days/365
print "%(name)s %(gender)s %(age)s %(tel)s" % locals()
if status:
print
print ">>> Empty,There is no user info in db <<<"
#print info
def txl_del():
status = True
name = raw_input('Delete Information By Name >>> ')
select_sql = 'select name from tb_txl'
cursor.execute(select_sql)
info = cursor.fetchall()
for line in info:
if name in line:
status = False
delete_sql = 'delete from tb_txl where name=%s'
cursor.execute(delete_sql,(name,))
conn.commit()
if status:
print
print ">>>Unkonw User,Please Try again! <<<"
def txl_update():
statue = True
name = raw_input('Update Information By Name >>> ')
select_sql = 'select name from tb_txl'
cursor.execute(select_sql)
info = cursor.fetchall()
for line in info:
if name in line:
status = False
gender = raw_input('Update Your Gender for %s >>> ' % name)
brithday = raw_input('Update Your Brithday like (YYYY-MM-DD) for %s >>> ' % name)
tel = raw_input('Update Your Tel for %s >>> '% name)
update_sql = 'update tb_txl set gender=%s,brithday=%s,tel=%s where name=%s'
cursor.execute(update_sql,(gender,brithday,tel,name,))
conn.commit()
if status:
print
print ">>>Unkonw User,Please Try again! <<<"
def txl_check():
status = True
name = raw_input('Enter The name >>> ')
sql = 'select name,gender,brithday,tel from tb_txl where name = %s'
cursor.execute(sql,(name,))
info = cursor.fetchall()
if len(info) > 0:
status = False
print "name gender brithday tel"
print "------------------------------------"
for name,gender,age,tel in info:
today = datetime.date.today()
age = (today-age).days/365
print "%(name)s %(gender)s %(age)s %(tel)s" % locals()
if status:
print
print ">>> Empty,There is no user info in db <<<"
def txl_exit():
''' 退出程序 '''
cursor.close()
conn.close()
os._exit(0)
def txl_error():
''' 当用户输出选项不在定义的选项内的时候，报错'''
print
print 'Unkonw options,Please try again!'
def main():
'''主程序 '''
# 定义dict，配合函数实现switch功能
ops = {
'1':txl_add,
'2':txl_dis,
'3':txl_update,
'4':txl_del,
'5':txl_check,
'0':txl_exit,
}
while True:
op = menu()
ops.get(op,txl_error)()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
脚本中存在着很多重复代码以及bug，仅作参考，如果哪位想要调试可以进行下载重新更改