zoukankan      html  css  js  c++  java
  • [转载]MySQL中dblink的实现

    参考 https://blog.csdn.net/WYB213080286/article/details/38493753

    参照以下博客:http://blog.csdn.net/renfengjun/article/details/18730977

    最近项目中涉及MySQL数据库视图的创建,需要整合两个位于不同服务器上数据库的内容,就遇到了远程访问数据库的问题。在cracle中可以通过dblink来实现跨本地数据库来访问另外一个数据库中的数据。通过在网上查找,发现可以通过MySQL中的federated插件来实现类似的功能。

    操作环境:

    宿主机为win8系统,MySQL数据库,ip:192.168.1.98;从机为VMware虚拟机中的Linux系统,版本为CentOS6.5,MySQL数据库,ip:192.168.1.106。

    实现功能:

    可以在Linux系统中MySQL数据库(target端)中建立宿主机MySQL数据库(source端)中某个表的link,当在Linux中读取link表时,就相当于直接读取宿主机中的原始表内容。

    实现步骤:

    1. 查看target端(Linux虚拟机中)是否安装了federated插件:

    mysql> show engines;

    ±-------------------±--------±---------------------------------------------------------------±-------------±-----±-----------+
    | Engine | Support | Comment | Transactions | XA | Savepoints |
    ±-------------------±--------±---------------------------------------------------------------±-------------±-----±-----------+
    | CSV | YES | CSV storage engine | NO | NO | NO |
    | MRG_MYISAM | YES | Collection of identical MyISAM tables | NO | NO | NO |
    | MyISAM | YES | MyISAM storage engine | NO | NO | NO |
    | BLACKHOLE | YES | /dev/null storage engine (anything you write to it disappears) | NO | NO | NO |
    | MEMORY | YES | Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables | NO | NO | NO |
    | FEDERATED | NO | Federated MySQL storage engine | NULL | NULL | NULL |
    | ARCHIVE | YES | Archive storage engine | NO | NO | NO |
    | InnoDB | DEFAULT | Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys | YES | YES | YES |
    | PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA | YES | Performance Schema | NO | NO | NO |
    ±-------------------±--------±---------------------------------------------------------------±-------------±-----±-----------+

    显示没有安装federated插件

    1. 安装federated插件:

    mysql>install plugin federated soname ‘ha_federated.so’;

    ERROR 1125 (HY000): Function ‘federated’ already exists

    说明已经安装过了,但没有启用

    [root@localhost etc]# service mysql stop

    [root@localhost etc]# mysqld_safe --federated &

    [root@localhost etc]# 140811 01:20:21 mysqld_safe Logging to ‘/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.err’.
    140811 01:20:22 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql

    mysql> show engines;

    ±-------------------±--------±---------------------------------------------------------------±-------------±-----±-----------+
    | Engine | Support | Comment | Transactions | XA | Savepoints |
    ±-------------------±--------±---------------------------------------------------------------±-------------±-----±-----------+
    | CSV | YES | CSV storage engine | NO | NO | NO |
    | MRG_MYISAM | YES | Collection of identical MyISAM tables | NO | NO | NO |
    | MyISAM | YES | MyISAM storage engine | NO | NO | NO |
    | BLACKHOLE | YES | /dev/null storage engine (anything you write to it disappears) | NO | NO | NO |
    | MEMORY | YES | Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables | NO | NO | NO |
    | FEDERATED |YES | Federated MySQL storage engine | NULL | NULL | NULL |
    | ARCHIVE | YES | Archive storage engine | NO | NO | NO |
    | InnoDB | DEFAULT | Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys | YES | YES | YES |
    | PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA | YES | Performance Schema | NO | NO | NO |
    ±-------------------±--------±---------------------------------------------------------------±-------------±-----±-----------+

    federated插件已经启用

    1. 配置/etc/my.conf,设置federated为默认启动

    [root@localhost etc]# vi /etc/my.conf

    在文件中加入一行:

    federated

    重启mysql服务

    service mysql restart

    mysql> show engines;

    ±-------------------±--------±---------------------------------------------------------------±-------------±-----±-----------+
    | Engine | Support | Comment | Transactions | XA | Savepoints |
    ±-------------------±--------±---------------------------------------------------------------±-------------±-----±-----------+
    | CSV | YES | CSV storage engine | NO | NO | NO |
    | MRG_MYISAM | YES | Collection of identical MyISAM tables | NO | NO | NO |
    | MyISAM | YES | MyISAM storage engine | NO | NO | NO |
    | BLACKHOLE | YES | /dev/null storage engine (anything you write to it disappears) | NO | NO | NO |
    | MEMORY | YES | Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables | NO | NO | NO |
    | FEDERATED | YES | Federated MySQL storage engine | NULL | NULL | NULL |
    | ARCHIVE | YES | Archive storage engine | NO | NO | NO |
    | InnoDB | DEFAULT | Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys | YES | YES | YES |
    | PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA | YES | Performance Schema | NO | NO | NO |
    ±-------------------±--------±---------------------------------------------------------------±-------------±-----±-----------+

    已经设置为默认启动了。

    1. 在source端建立测试表,我是通过Navicat建立表的,其sql文件为:

    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS e_eledata;
    CREATE TABLE e_eledata (
    ID bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment COMMENT ‘ID’,
    E_ELEMETERHEAD_ID bigint(20) default NULL COMMENT ‘电表表头ID’,
    DAQDT timestamp NULL default NULL COMMENT ‘数据采集时间’,
    DLDT timestamp NULL default NULL COMMENT ‘数据入库时间’,
    APCURRENT decimal(10,3) default NULL COMMENT ‘A相电流。单位:A。’,
    BPCURRENT decimal(10,3) default NULL COMMENT ‘B相电流。单位:A。’,
    CPCURRENT decimal(10,3) default NULL COMMENT ‘C相电流。单位:A。’,
    APVOLTAGE decimal(10,3) default NULL COMMENT ‘A相电压。单位:V。’,
    BPVOLTAGE decimal(10,3) default NULL COMMENT ‘B相电压。单位:V。’,
    CPVOLTAGE decimal(10,3) default NULL COMMENT ‘C相电压。单位:V。’,
    PRIMARY KEY (ID)
    ) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT=‘电路数据表’;

    1. 在target端建立link表,可以直接改写source表的sql脚本文件为:

    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS e_eledata_link;
    CREATE TABLE e_eledata_link (
    ID bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment COMMENT ‘ID’,
    E_ELEMETERHEAD_ID bigint(20) default NULL COMMENT ‘电表表头ID’,
    DAQDT timestamp NULL default NULL COMMENT ‘数据采集时间’,
    DLDT timestamp NULL default NULL COMMENT ‘数据入库时间’,
    APCURRENT decimal(10,3) default NULL COMMENT ‘A相电流。单位:A。’,
    BPCURRENT decimal(10,3) default NULL COMMENT ‘B相电流。单位:A。’,
    CPCURRENT decimal(10,3) default NULL COMMENT ‘C相电流。单位:A。’,
    APVOLTAGE decimal(10,3) default NULL COMMENT ‘A相电压。单位:V。’,
    BPVOLTAGE decimal(10,3) default NULL COMMENT ‘B相电压。单位:V。’,
    CPVOLTAGE decimal(10,3) default NULL COMMENT ‘C相电压。单位:V。’,
    PRIMARY KEY (ID)
    ) ENGINE=FEDERATEDAUTO_INCREMENT=1DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT=‘电路数据表’

    CONNECTION='mysql://usrname:password@192.168.1.98:3306/databasename/table

    其中:

    usrname为宿主机中MySQL的用户名

    password为相应的密码

    (要保证该用户具有远程登陆的权限,可以通过以下命令来设置:

    mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON . TO ‘usrname’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘password’ WITH GRANT OPTION;

    其中*.*是指对用户开放所有数据库和表的权限,如果只开放某一个数据库的一个表为databasename.table;’%‘指的是该用户可以从任意的一个ip地址来远程访问数据库,包括本地,如果要限制用户从特定的ip来访问,将其改为’ip地址’)

    192.168.1.98是source数据库的ip,这里为我宿主机的ip

    3306为数据库的端口,默认一般为3306

    database 和table分别为source端数据库的名称和表名称

    将该sql脚本在target端运行

    1. 实现跨本地数据库的访问

    在target端通过访问e_eledata_link表来访问source端e_eledata表

    mysql> select *from e_eledata_link;

  • 相关阅读:
    学习方法类
    CSS中height:100%和height:inherit的异同
    DOM怎么添加、移除、移动、复制、创建和查找节点
    CommonJS,AMD,CMD和ES6的对比
    vue-admin
    XSS 和 CSRF简述及预防措施
    js的执行机制
    重绘和回流
    什么是BFC?
    v-model实现原理
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/ilvutm/p/12516478.html
Copyright © 2011-2022 走看看