使用mysqld_multi 实现Mysql 5.6.36 + 5.7.18 单机多实例多版本安装

Mysql 5.6.36 + 5.7.18 单机多实例多版本安装

随着硬件层面的发展,各种高性能服务器如雨后春笋般出现,但高性能服务器不免造成浪费, MySQL单机多实例,是指在一台物理服务器上运行多个MySQL数据库实例,版本亦可相同版本也可不同。

MySQL单机多实例的优点：

1、节省成本,减少服务器、IP、机柜的数量,总体运营成本低于单机单实例方案。

2、提升利用率,利用NUMA特性,对MySQL实例进行CPU绑定。

3、提升用户体验,大幅度提高IO响应时间,有助于提升用户的体验。

mysql-5.6.36下载地址:

https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

mysql-5.7.18下载地址：

https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

环境说明

mysqld – MySQL 5.6.36 #正常安装

mysqld1 – MySQL 5.6.36 1

mysqld2 – MySQL 5.6.36 2

mysqld3 – MySQL 5.7.18 3

mysqld4 – MySQL 5.7.18 4

第一步安装mysql5.6.36 ：

详细安装步骤这里就不重复介绍：http://www.cnblogs.com/imweihao/p/7156754.html

1.关闭数据库

[root@001 ~]# service mysqld stop

2.创建新实例的数据目录

[root@001 ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysqldata1 #5.6

[root@001 ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysqldata2 #5.6

[root@001 ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysqldata3 #5.7

[root@001 ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysqldata4 #5.7

4.设置对应的mysql权限

[root@001 ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/

[root@001 ~]# ll /data/

5.将如下黄色部分配置内容添加到原有配置文件中

[client]

user=mysql #根据实际情况设置用户名

password=123456

[mysqld]

[mysqld_multi] # 这里使用了client标签中的user，故这里不再定义user

mysqld = /usr/local/mysql57/bin/mysqld_safe

log = /var/log/mysqld_multi.log

[mysqld1]

server-id = 21

datadir = /data/mysqldata1

basedir = /usr/local/mysql # basedir定义使用了5.6的mysql版本

port = 3307

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock1

plugin_dir=/data/mysqldata1 ## plugin 目录也变了

[mysqld2]

server-id = 22

datadir = /data/mysqldata2

basedir = /usr/local/mysql # basedir定义使用了5.6的mysql版本

port = 3308

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock2

plugin_dir=/data/mysqldata2 # plugin 目录也变了

[mysqld3]

server-id = 33

datadir = /data/mysqldata3

basedir = /usr/local/mysql57 # basedir定义了使用5.7的mysql版本

port = 3309

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock3

#这里无需特别配置mysqld, 可以继承使用[mysqld_multi]中的配置，然后根据basedir找到对应的mysqld

[mysqld4]

server-id = 44

datadir = /data/mysqldata4 # basedir定义使用了5.6的mysql版本

basedir = /usr/local/mysql57

port = 3310

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock4

#--------------以下参数是网上的模板，只是将个别size调小-----------

[mysqld]

########basic settings########

server-id = 100

port = 3306

user = mysql

bind_address = 0.0.0.0

#autocommit = 0

character_set_server=utf8

skip_name_resolve = 1

max_connections = 800

max_connect_errors = 1000

datadir = /data/mysqldata

transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1

join_buffer_size = 134217728

tmp_table_size = 67108864

tmpdir = /tmp

max_allowed_packet = 16777216

sql_mode = "STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_ZERO_DATE,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER"

interactive_timeout = 1800

wait_timeout = 1800

read_buffer_size = 16777216

read_rnd_buffer_size = 33554432

sort_buffer_size = 33554432

########log settings########

log_error = error.log

slow_query_log = 1

slow_query_log_file = slow.log

log_queries_not_using_indexes = 1

log_slow_admin_statements = 1

log_slow_slave_statements = 1

log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 10

expire_logs_days = 90

long_query_time = 2

min_examined_row_limit = 100

########replication settings########

master_info_repository = TABLE

relay_log_info_repository = TABLE

log_bin = bin.log

sync_binlog = 1

gtid_mode = on

enforce_gtid_consistency = 1

log_slave_updates

binlog_format = row

relay_log = relay.log

relay_log_recovery = 1

binlog_gtid_simple_recovery = 1

slave_skip_errors = ddl_exist_errors

########innodb settings########

innodb_page_size = 8192

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G # 该参数减小到1G

innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 8

innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1

innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1

innodb_lru_scan_depth = 2000

innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 5

innodb_io_capacity = 4000

innodb_io_capacity_max = 8000

innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT

innodb_file_format = Barracuda

innodb_file_format_max = Barracuda

#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /redolog/

#innodb_undo_directory = /undolog/

innodb_undo_logs = 128

innodb_undo_tablespaces = 3

innodb_flush_neighbors = 1

innodb_log_file_size = 128M # 该参数减小到 128M

innodb_log_buffer_size = 16777216

innodb_purge_threads = 4

innodb_large_prefix = 1

innodb_thread_concurrency = 64

innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1

innodb_strict_mode = 1

innodb_sort_buffer_size = 67108864

########semi sync replication settings########

plugin_dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin

#plugin_load = "rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1

loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = 1

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout = 5000

[mysqld-5.7]

innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct = 40

innodb_page_cleaners = 4

innodb_undo_log_truncate = 1

innodb_max_undo_log_size = 1G # 该参数减小到1G

innodb_purge_rseg_truncate_frequency = 128

binlog_gtid_simple_recovery=1

log_timestamps=system

transaction_write_set_extraction=MURMUR32

show_compatibility_56=on

#配置文件来自网络

==================================================

6.上传mysql5.7

[root@001 ~]# rz

[root@001 ~]# tar xf mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

[root@001 ~]# cd /usr/local

[root@001 ~]# mv mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/ mysql57

[root@001 local]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql57

7.初始化mysql 5.6.36 （1，2）#mysql 5.6和5.7 初始化有所不同

[root@001 ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql

[root@001 mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysqldata1/

[root@001 mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysqldata2/

8.初始化mysql 5.7.18 （3，4）#mysql 5.6和5.7 初始化有所不同

[root@001 mysql57]# cd /usr/local/mysql57

[root@001 mysql57]# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysqldata3

[root@001 mysql57]# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysqldata4

9.查看是否认到标签

[root@001 mysql57]# mysqld_multi report

10.启动多实例

[root@001 mysql57]# mysqld_multi start 1

[root@001 mysql57]# mysqld_multi start 2

[root@001 mysql57]# mysqld_multi start 3

[root@001 mysql57]# mysqld_multi start 4

[root@001 mysql57]# service mysqld start #原先的mysql 也可以启动起来

[root@001 mysql57]# mysqld_multi report

[root@001 mysql57]# netstat -anptu |grep mysql

11.后续配置

拷贝启动脚本，方便自启

[root@001 mysql57]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld_multi.server /etc/init.d/mysqld_multid

[root@001 mysql57]# chkconfig mysqld_multid on

#查看发现几个实例uuid一样删除即可

[root@001 mysql57]# rm -rf /data/mysqldata1/auto.cnf

[root@001 mysql57]# rm -rf /data/mysqldata2/auto.cnf

[root@001 mysql57]# rm -rf /data/mysqldata3/auto.cnf

[root@001 mysql57]# rm -rf /data/mysqldata4/auto.cnf

12.登陆：mysql

12.1 登陆正常安装的mysql-5.6.36 端口：3306

[root@001 mysql57]# mysql -uroot -p123456

mysql> select version();

mysql> show variables like 'port';

12.2 登陆mysql 1，2，并修改密码

mysql1 和 mysql2初始状态没有密码，以前可以直接使用mysql -S mysql.sock登录，而现在登录的时候特别注意，因为我们使用了[client]标签,登录的时候如果不加-p参数会默认使用标签下的user和password, 然后导致登录不进去，所以需要使用如下登录方式：

mysql 1 端口：3307 版本5.6.32

[root@001 mysql57]# mysql -u root -P3307 -S /tmp/mysql.sock1 -p

Enter password: #密码为空

mysql> select version();

mysql> show variables like 'port';

mysql> set password = password("123"); #修改密码

mysql> quit

mysql 2 端口：3308 版本5.6.32

[root@001 mysql57]# mysql -u root -P3308 -S /tmp/mysql.sock2 -p

Enter password: #密码为空

mysql> select version();

mysql> show variables like 'port';

mysql> set password = password("123");#修改密码

mysql> quit

12.3 登陆mysql 3，4，并修改密码

mysql 3 端口：3309 版本5.7.18

mysql3 和 mysql4有初始状态密码,因为配置文件中指定了日志文件所以需要到数据目录

查看error.log 中的初始化密码

[root@001 mysql57]# grep 'password' /data/mysqldata3/error.log

[root@001 mysql57]# grep 'password' /data/mysqldata4/error.log

[root@001 mysql57]# mysql -u root -P3309 -S /tmp/mysql.sock3 -p

Enter password: #填入初始密码

mysql> set password = '123'; #5.7需先修改密码，并退出重新登陆

mysql> quit

[root@001 mysql57]# mysql -u root -P3309 -S /tmp/mysql.sock3 -p123 #输入刚设置好的密码

mysql> select version();

mysql> show variables like 'port';

mysql> quit

mysql 4 端口：3310 版本5.7.18

[root@001 mysql57]# mysql -u root -P3310 -S /tmp/mysql.sock4 -p

Enter password: #填入初始密码

mysql> set password = '123'; #5.7需先修改密码，并退出重新登陆

mysql> quit

[root@001 mysql57]# mysql -u root -P3310 -S /tmp/mysql.sock4 -p123 #输入刚设置好的密码

mysql> select version();

mysql> show variables like 'port';

mysql> quit

到此安装成功

--设置login-path 

设置login-path主要为了能够简化登录，同时还可以让每个数据库的密码都不同，避免使用[client]下的统一用户名密码

1-设置

[root@001 mysql57]# mysql_config_editor set -G mysql1 -u root -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock1

Enter password: #输入密码

[root@001 mysql57]# mysql_config_editor set -G mysql2 -u root -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock2

Enter password: #输入密码

[root@001 mysql57]# mysql_config_editor set -G mysql3 -u root -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock3

Enter password: #输入密码

[root@001 mysql57]# mysql_config_editor set -G mysql4 -u root -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock4

Enter password: #输入密码

2-登陆方式

[root@001 mysql57]# mysql --login-path=mysql1

[root@001 mysql57]# mysql --login-path=mysql2

[root@001 mysql57]# mysql --login-path=mysql3

[root@001 mysql57]# mysql --login-path=mysql4

#以后可以使用mysql --login-path=mysql1 这种方式登录

附：

安装mysql-5.6.36

具体步骤详见：http://www.cnblogs.com/imweihao/p/7156754.html

安装mysql-5.7.18

具体步骤详见：http://www.cnblogs.com/imweihao/p/7196516.html