DjangoRestFramework实现序列化器的字段嵌套和relate_name应用

1. 创建一个DjangoRestframework应用App, 项目结构如下：

2. models.py设计

from django.db import models


class Grade(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)


class Student(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    grade = models.ForeignKey(Grade, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='grade_student')

3. serializers.py设计，这里最重要的是注释部分哦～

# -*-coding:utf-8-*-
from rest_framework import serializers

from App.models import Grade, Student


class GradeSerializerForStudent(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Grade
        fields = '__all__'


class StudentSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    # student表中grade为外键
    grade = GradeSerializerForStudent()

    class Meta:
        model = Student
        fields = '__all__'


class StudentSerializerForGrade(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Student
        fields = '__all__'


class GradeSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    # grade表中没有外键， 使用related_name, 班级和学生是一对多关系，序列化需要指定many=True
    grade_student = StudentSerializerForGrade(many=True)

    class Meta:
        model = Grade
        fields = '__all__'

4. urls.py设计

# -*-coding:utf-8-*-
from rest_framework.routers import DefaultRouter

from App import views

router = DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'api/grades', views.GradeViewSet)
router.register(r'api/students', views.StudentViewSet)

5. views.py

# -*-coding:utf-8-*-
from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet

from App.models import Grade, Student
from App.serializers import GradeSerializer, StudentSerializer


class GradeViewSet(ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Grade.objects.all()
    serializer_class = GradeSerializer


class StudentViewSet(ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Student.objects.all()
    serializer_class = StudentSerializer

6. 效果如下：