Ubuntu20.04 网络配置

Ubuntu20.04 网络配置

设置 ROOT 密码

• 先设置 root 密码，后面直接使用 root 用户操作

it@it:~$ sudo passwd root
[sudo] password for it: 
New password: 
Retype new password: 
passwd: password updated successfully

网络管理工具 netplan

1. 在 Ubuntu20.04 版本中使用 netplan 管理网络
2. 在安装好的 Ubuntu20.04 中没有 networking 和 NetworkManage 服务
3. netplan 配置文件：/etc/netplan/*.yaml ，文件名每个不一样
4. netplan 示例文件: /usr/share/doc/netplan/example/ 目录下，在该目录下有各种示例文件，可以提供帮助

修改网卡配置

1. 编辑网络配置文件

root@it:~# vim /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml
# This is the network config written by 'subiquity'
network:
  ethernets:
    ens32:
      addresses:
      - 192.168.121.25/24
      gateway4: 192.168.121.2
      nameservers:
        addresses:
        - 8.8.8.8
  version: 2

2. 加载刚刚修改的配置文件信息

root@it:~# netplan apply
root@it:~# 

• 没有提示报错信息，说明配置成功

root@it:~# ip add
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens32: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:16:8d:18 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.121.25/24 brd 192.168.121.255 scope global ens32
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe16:8d18/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

netplan 帮助信息

root@it:~# netplan help
usage: /usr/sbin/netplan  [-h] [--debug]  ...

Network configuration in YAML        #YAML中的网络配置

optional arguments:
  -h, --help  show this help message and exit        #显示此帮助信息并退出
  --debug     Enable debug messages        #启用调试消息

Available commands:
  
    help      Show this help message        #显示帮助信息
    apply     Apply current netplan config to running system         #应用当前netplan配置到运行系统
    generate  Generate backend specific configuration files from /etc/netplan/*.yaml       #从/etc/netplan/*.yaml中生成特定后端配置文件
    info      Show current netplan version and available features       #显示当前netplan版本和可用特性
    ip        Retrieve IP information from the system        #从系统中检索IP信息
    try       Try to apply a new netplan config to running system, with automatic rollback        #尝试将新的netplan配置应用到正在运行的系统，并自动回滚

1. 启用调试信息

root@it:~# netplan --debug apply
** (generate:3189): DEBUG: 01:15:27.908: Processing input file /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml..
** (generate:3189): DEBUG: 01:15:27.908: starting new processing pass
** (generate:3189): DEBUG: 01:15:27.908: We have some netdefs, pass them through a final round of validation
** (generate:3189): DEBUG: 01:15:27.908: ens32: setting default backend to 1
** (generate:3189): DEBUG: 01:15:27.908: Configuration is valid
** (generate:3189): DEBUG: 01:15:27.908: Generating output files..
** (generate:3189): DEBUG: 01:15:27.908: NetworkManager: definition ens32 is not for us (backend 1)
(generate:3189): GLib-DEBUG: 01:15:27.908: posix_spawn avoided (fd close requested) 
DEBUG:netplan generated networkd configuration changed, restarting networkd
DEBUG:no netplan generated NM configuration exists
DEBUG:ens32 not found in {}
DEBUG:Merged config:
network:
  bonds: {}
  bridges: {}
  ethernets:
    ens32:
      addresses:
      - 192.168.121.25/24
      gateway4: 192.168.121.2
      nameservers:
        addresses:
        - 8.8.8.8
  vlans: {}
  wifis: {}

DEBUG:Skipping non-physical interface: lo
DEBUG:device ens32 operstate is up, not changing
DEBUG:{}
DEBUG:netplan triggering .link rules for lo
DEBUG:netplan triggering .link rules for ens32