Ubuntu下中文完美解决方案

目标：英文环境下，实现中文的输入和完美显示，解决了粗体和斜体

创新点：解决了英文的锯齿问题

不足之处：某些数字还有锯齿现象

主要参考文章：
修改ttf字体美化显示效果 by cnhnln@linuxfans
fontconfig .org
http://fractal.csie.org/~eric/fontconfig/

首先下载cnhnln制作修改的VeraSansYuanTi （8个都要下）：
http://www.linuxfans.org/nuke/modules.php?name=Site_Downloads&op=geninfo&did=2488

解压，得到8个ttf文件，复制到/usr/share/fonts目录

接着 $sudo gedit /etc/fonts/fonts.conf

代码:

   <?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
<!-- /etc/fonts/fonts.conf file to configure system font access -->
<fontconfig>

<!--
   DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE.
   IT WILL BE REPLACED WHEN FONTCONFIG IS UPDATED.
   LOCAL CHANGES BELONG IN 'local.conf'.

   The intent of this standard configuration file is to be adequate for
   most environments.  If you have a reasonably normal environment and
   have found problems with this configuration, they are probably
   things that others will also want fixed.  Please submit any
   problems to the fontconfig bugzilla system located at fontconfig.org

   Note that the normal 'make install' procedure for fontconfig is to
   replace any existing fonts.conf file with the new version.  Place
   any local customizations in local.conf which this file references.

   Keith Packard
-->

   <dir>/usr/share/fonts</dir>
   <dir>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Type1</dir> <dir>/usr/local/share/fonts</dir>
   <dir>~/.fonts</dir>

<!--
  Accept deprecated 'mono' alias, replacing it with 'monospace'
-->
   <match target="pattern">
      <test qual="any" name="family">
         <string>mono</string>
      </test>
      <edit name="family" mode="assign">
         <string>monospace</string>
      </edit>
   </match>

<!--
  Accept alternate 'sans serif' spelling, replacing it with 'sans-serif'
-->
   <match target="pattern">
      <test qual="any" name="family">
         <string>sans serif</string>
      </test>
      <edit name="family" mode="assign">
         <string>sans-serif</string>
      </edit>
   </match>

<!--
  Accept deprecated 'sans' alias, replacing it with 'sans-serif'
-->
   <match target="pattern">
      <test qual="any" name="family">
         <string>sans</string>
      </test>
      <edit name="family" mode="assign">
         <string>sans-serif</string>
      </edit>
   </match>

<!--
  Mark common families with their generics so we'll get
  something reasonable
-->

<!--
  Serif faces
 -->
   <alias>
      <family>Bitstream Vera Serif</family>
      <family>Vera Sans YuanTi</family>                        <!--  added by lifesinger-->
      <family>Times</family>
      <family>Times New Roman</family>
      <family>Nimbus Roman No9 L</family>
      <family>Luxi Serif</family>
      <family>Kochi Mincho</family>
      <family>AR PL SungtiL GB</family>
      <family>AR PL Mingti2L Big5</family>
      <family>Baekmuk Batang</family>
      <family>FreeSerif</family>
      <default><family>serif</family></default>
   </alias>
<!--
  Sans-serif faces
 -->
   <alias>
      <family>Bitstream Vera Sans</family>
      <family>Vera Sans YuanTi</family>                        <!--  added by lifesinger-->
      <family>Helvetica</family>
      <family>Arial</family>
      <family>Verdana</family>
      <family>Nimbus Sans L</family>
      <family>Luxi Sans</family>
      <family>Kochi Gothic</family>
      <family>AR PL KaitiM GB</family>
      <family>AR PL KaitiM Big5</family>
      <family>Baekmuk Dotum</family>
      <family>SimSun</family>
      <family>FreeSans</family>
      <default><family>sans-serif</family></default>
   </alias>
<!--
  Monospace faces
 -->
    <alias>
      <family>Bitstream Vera Sans Mono</family>
      <family>Vera Sans YuanTi Mono</family>                        <!--  added by lifesinger-->
      <family>Courier</family>
      <family>Courier New</family>
      <family>Andale Mono</family>
      <family>Luxi Mono</family>
      <family>Nimbus Mono L</family>
      <family>SimSun</family>
      <family>FreeMono</family>
      <default><family>monospace</family></default>
   </alias>
<!--
  If the font still has no generic name, add sans-serif
 -->
   <match target="pattern">
      <test qual="all" name="family" compare="not_eq">
         <string>sans-serif</string>
      </test>
      <test qual="all" name="family" compare="not_eq">
         <string>serif</string>
      </test>
      <test qual="all" name="family" compare="not_eq">
         <string>monospace</string>
      </test>
      <edit name="family" mode="append_last">
         <string>sans-serif</string>
      </edit>
   </match>      
   
<!--
  Some Asian fonts misadvertise themselves as monospaced when
  in fact they are dual-spaced (half and full).  This makes
  FreeType very confused as it forces all widths to match.
  Undo this magic by disabling the width forcing code -->
   <match target="font">
      <test name="family"><string>GulimChe</string></test>
      <edit name="globaladvance"><bool>false</bool></edit>
   </match>
   
   <match target="font">
      <test name="family"><string>DotumChe</string></test>
      <edit name="globaladvance"><bool>false</bool></edit>
   </match>

   <match target="font">
      <test name="family"><string>BatangChe</string></test>
      <edit name="globaladvance"><bool>false</bool></edit>
   </match>

   <match target="font">
      <test name="family"><string>GungsuhChe</string></test>
      <edit name="globaladvance"><bool>false</bool></edit>
   </match>

<!--
   The Bitstream Vera fonts have GASP entries suggesting that hinting be
   disabled below 8 ppem, but FreeType ignores those, preferring to use
   the data found in the instructed hints.  The initial Vera release
   didn't include the right instructions in the 'prep' table. Fix this
   by disabling hinting manually at smaller sizes (< 8ppem)
 -->
   
   <match target="font">
      <test name="family">
         <string>Bitstream Vera Sans</string>
      </test>
      <test name="pixelsize" compare="less">
         <double>7.5</double>
      </test>
      <edit name="hinting">
         <bool>false</bool>
      </edit>     
   </match>
   
   <match target="font">
      <test name="family">
         <string>Bitstream Vera Serif</string>
      </test>
      <test name="pixelsize" compare="less">
         <double>7.5</double>
      </test>
      <edit name="hinting">
         <bool>false</bool>
      </edit>
   </match>
   
   <match target="font">
      <test name="family">
         <string>Bitstream Vera Sans Mono</string>
      </test>
      <test name="pixelsize" compare="less">
         <double>7.5</double>
      </test>
      <edit name="hinting">
         <bool>false</bool>
      </edit>
   </match>
   
<!--
  Load local system customization file

   <include ignore_missing="yes">local.conf</include>
-->

<!--
  Load per-user customization file

   <include ignore_missing="yes">~/.fonts.conf</include>
-->

<!--
  Alias well known font names to available TrueType fonts
-->
   <alias>
      <family>Times</family>
      <accept><family>Times New Roman</family></accept>
   </alias>
   <alias>
      <family>Helvetica</family>
      <accept><family>Verdana</family></accept>
   </alias>
   <alias>
      <family>Arial</family>
      <accept><family>Verdana</family></accept>
   </alias>
   <alias>
      <family>Courier</family>
      <accept><family>Courier New</family></accept>
   </alias>

<!--
 Check user preference to avoid bitmap fonts and replace
 bitmap face names with equivalent scalable fonts
 -->

   <match target="pattern">
           <test name="prefer_outline">
                   <bool>true</bool>
           </test>
           <test name="family">
                   <string>Helvetica</string>
           </test>
           <edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same">
                   <string>Arial</string>
           </edit>
   </match>

   <match target="pattern">
           <test name="prefer_outline">
                   <bool>true</bool>
           </test>
           <test name="family">
                   <string>Times</string>
           </test>
           <edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same">
                   <string>Times New Roman</string>
           </edit>
   </match>
<!--
  Provide required aliases for standard names
-->
   <alias>
      <family>serif</family>
      <prefer>
         <family>Bitstream Vera Serif</family>
         <family>Vera Sans YuanTi</family>                        <!--  added by lifesinger-->
         <family>Times New Roman</family>
         <family>Nimbus Roman No9 L</family>
         <family>Luxi Serif</family>
         <family>Times</family>
         <family>Frank Ruehl</family>
         <family>Kochi Mincho</family>
         <family>AR PL SungtiL GB</family>
         <family>AR PL Mingti2L Big5</family>
         <family>Baekmuk Batang</family>
         <family>FreeSerif</family>
      </prefer>
   </alias>
   <alias>
      <family>sans-serif</family>
      <prefer>
         <family>Bitstream Vera Sans</family>
         <family>Vera Sans YuanTi</family>                        <!--  added by lifesinger-->
         <family>Verdana</family>
         <family>Nimbus Sans L</family>
         <family>Luxi Sans</family>
         <family>Arial</family>
         <family>Helvetica</family>
         <family>Nachlieli</family>
         <family>Kochi Gothic</family>
         <family>AR PL KaitiM GB</family>
         <family>AR PL KaitiM Big5</family>
         <family>Baekmuk Dotum</family>
         <family>SimSun</family>
         <family>FreeSans</family>
      </prefer>
   </alias>
   <alias>
      <family>monospace</family>
      <prefer>
         <family>Bitstream Vera Sans Mono</family>
         <family>Vera Sans YuanTi Mono</family>                        <!--  added by lifesinger-->
         <family>Andale Mono</family>
         <family>Courier New</family>
         <family>Luxi Mono</family>
         <family>Nimbus Mono L</family>
         <family>Miriam Mono</family>
         <family>Kochi Gothic</family>
         <family>AR PL KaitiM GB</family>
         <family>Baekmuk Dotum</family>
         <family>FreeMono</family>
      </prefer>
   </alias>

<!--
 Artificial oblique for fonts without an italic or oblique version
 -->
 
   <match target="font">
      <!-- check to see if the font is roman -->
      <test name="slant">
         <const>roman</const>
      </test>
      <!-- check to see if the pattern requested non-roman -->
      <test target="pattern" name="slant" compare="not_eq">
         <const>roman</const>
      </test>
      <!-- multiply the matrix to slant the font -->
      <edit name="matrix" mode="assign">
         <times>
            <name>matrix</name>
            <matrix><double>1</double><double>0.2</double>
               <double>0</double><double>1</double>
            </matrix>
         </times>
      </edit>
      <!-- pretend the font is oblique now -->
      <edit name="slant" mode="assign">
         <const>oblique</const>
      </edit>
   </match>

   <config>
<!--
  These are the default Unicode chars that are expected to be blank
  in fonts.  All other blank chars are assumed to be broken and
  won't appear in the resulting charsets
 -->
      <blank>
         <int>0x0020</int>   <!-- SPACE -->
         <int>0x00a0</int>   <!-- NO-BREAK SPACE -->
         <int>0x00ad</int>   <!-- SOFT HYPHEN -->
         <int>0x115f</int>   <!-- HANGUL CHOSEONG FILLER -->
         <int>0x1160</int>   <!-- HANGUL JUNGSEONG FILLER -->
         <int>0x1680</int>   <!-- OGHAM SPACE MARK -->
         <int>0x2000</int>   <!-- EN QUAD -->
         <int>0x2001</int>   <!-- EM QUAD -->
         <int>0x2002</int>   <!-- EN SPACE -->
         <int>0x2003</int>   <!-- EM SPACE -->
         <int>0x2004</int>   <!-- THREE-PER-EM SPACE -->
         <int>0x2005</int>   <!-- FOUR-PER-EM SPACE -->
         <int>0x2006</int>   <!-- SIX-PER-EM SPACE -->
         <int>0x2007</int>   <!-- FIGURE SPACE -->
         <int>0x2008</int>   <!-- PUNCTUATION SPACE -->
         <int>0x2009</int>   <!-- THIN SPACE -->
         <int>0x200a</int>   <!-- HAIR SPACE -->
         <int>0x200b</int>   <!-- ZERO WIDTH SPACE -->
         <int>0x200c</int>   <!-- ZERO WIDTH NON-JOINER -->
         <int>0x200d</int>   <!-- ZERO WIDTH JOINER -->
         <int>0x200e</int>   <!-- LEFT-TO-RIGHT MARK -->
         <int>0x200f</int>   <!-- RIGHT-TO-LEFT MARK -->
         <int>0x2028</int>   <!-- LINE SEPARATOR -->
         <int>0x2029</int>   <!-- PARAGRAPH SEPARATOR -->
         <int>0x202a</int>   <!-- LEFT-TO-RIGHT EMBEDDING -->
         <int>0x202b</int>   <!-- RIGHT-TO-LEFT EMBEDDING -->
         <int>0x202c</int>   <!-- POP DIRECTIONAL FORMATTING -->
         <int>0x202d</int>   <!-- LEFT-TO-RIGHT OVERRIDE -->
         <int>0x202e</int>   <!-- RIGHT-TO-LEFT OVERRIDE -->
         <int>0x202f</int>   <!-- NARROW NO-BREAK SPACE -->
         <int>0x205f</int>   <!-- MEDIUM MATHEMATICAL SPACE -->
         <int>0x2060</int>   <!-- WORD JOINER -->
         <int>0x2061</int>   <!-- FUNCTION APPLICATION -->
         <int>0x2062</int>   <!-- INVISIBLE TIMES -->
         <int>0x2063</int>   <!-- INVISIBLE SEPARATOR -->
         <int>0x206A</int>   <!-- INHIBIT SYMMETRIC SWAPPING -->
         <int>0x206B</int>   <!-- ACTIVATE SYMMETRIC SWAPPING -->
         <int>0x206C</int>   <!-- INHIBIT ARABIC FORM SHAPING -->
         <int>0x206D</int>   <!-- ACTIVATE ARABIC FORM SHAPING -->
         <int>0x206E</int>   <!-- NATIONAL DIGIT SHAPES -->
         <int>0x206F</int>   <!-- NOMINAL DIGIT SHAPES -->
         <int>0x3000</int>   <!-- IDEOGRAPHIC SPACE -->
         <int>0x3164</int>   <!-- HANGUL FILLER -->
         <int>0xfeff</int>   <!-- ZERO WIDTH NO-BREAK SPACE -->
         <int>0xffa0</int>   <!-- HALFWIDTH HANGUL FILLER -->
         <int>0xfff9</int>   <!-- INTERLINEAR ANNOTATION ANCHOR -->
         <int>0xfffa</int>   <!-- INTERLINEAR ANNOTATION SEPARATOR -->
         <int>0xfffb</int>   <!-- INTERLINEAR ANNOTATION TERMINATOR -->
      </blank>
<!--
  Rescan configuration every 30 seconds when FcFontSetList is called
 -->
      <rescan>
         <int>30</int>
      </rescan>
   </config>


<!--  字体替代法 -->
   <!-- 代替SimSun的粗体
<match target="pattern">
   <test  name="family"><string>SimSun</string></test>
   <test name="weight" compare="more_eq"><const>bold</const></test>
   <edit name="family" mode="assign"><string>VeraSansYuanTi-Bold</string></edit>
</match>
-->

<!-- 关闭SimSun的AA
<match target="font">
   <test qual="any" name="family"><string>SimSun</string> </test>
   <edit name="antialias" mode="assign"><bool>false</bool></edit>
</match>
-->

<!-- 关闭SimSun粗体的AA
<match target="font">
   <test qual="any" name="family"><string>VeraSansYuanTi-Bold</string> </test>
   <edit name="antialias" mode="assign"><bool>false</bool></edit>
</match>
-->


<!-- 修改ttf字体法 -->

   <!-- Mac OS X 效果
<match target="font">
   <test name="family"><string>Vera Sans YuanTi</string></test>
   <edit name="globaladvance"><bool>false</bool></edit>
</match>

<match target="font">
   <test name="family"><string>Vera Sans YuanTi Mono</string></test>
   <edit name="globaladvance"><bool>false</bool></edit>
</match>

<match target="font">
   <edit name="antialias" mode="assign"><bool>true</bool></edit>
   <edit name="hinting" mode="assign"><bool>false</bool></edit>
   <edit name="autohint" mode="assign"><bool>false</bool></edit>
   <edit name="hintstyle" mode="assign"><const>hintnone</const></edit>
   <edit name="rh_prefer_bitmaps" mode="assign"><bool>false</bool></edit>
</match>
-->

   <!-- Win XP 效果 -->
<match target="font">
   <test name="family"><string>Vera Sans YuanTi</string></test>
   <edit name="globaladvance"><bool>false</bool></edit>
</match>

<match target="font">
   <test name="family"><string>Vera Sans YuanTi Mono</string></test>
   <edit name="globaladvance"><bool>false</bool></edit>
</match>

<match target="font">
   <test qual="any" name="family"><string>Vera Sans YuanTi</string></test>
   <edit name="antialias" mode="assign"><bool>true</bool></edit>
   <edit name="hinting" mode="assign"><bool>false</bool></edit>
   <edit name="autohint" mode="assign"><bool>false</bool></edit>
   <edit name="hintstyle" mode="assign"><const>hintnone</const></edit>
   <edit name="rh_prefer_bitmaps" mode="assign"><bool>false</bool></edit>
</match>

<match target="font">
   <test qual="any" name="family"><string>Vera Sans YuanTi</string></test>
   <test compare="more_eq" name="pixelsize" qual="any" ><double>12</double></test>
   <test compare="less_eq" name="pixelsize" qual="any" ><double>16</double></test>
   <edit name="antialias" mode="assign"><bool>false</bool></edit>
   <edit name="hinting" mode="assign"><bool>true</bool></edit>
   <edit name="autohint" mode="assign"><bool>false</bool></edit>
   <edit name="hintstyle" mode="assign"><const>hintfull</const></edit>
   <edit name="rh_prefer_bitmaps" mode="assign"><bool>true</bool></edit>
</match>

<match target="font">
   <test qual="any" name="family"><string>Vera Sans YuanTi Mono</string></test>
   <edit name="antialias" mode="assign"><bool>true</bool></edit>
   <edit name="hinting" mode="assign"><bool>false</bool></edit>
   <edit name="autohint" mode="assign"><bool>false</bool></edit>
   <edit name="hintstyle" mode="assign"><const>hintnone</const></edit>
   <edit name="rh_prefer_bitmaps" mode="assign"><bool>false</bool></edit>
</match>

<match target="font">
   <test qual="any" name="family"><string>Vera Sans YuanTi Mono</string></test>
   <test compare="more_eq" name="pixelsize" qual="any" ><double>12</double></test>
   <test compare="less_eq" name="pixelsize" qual="any" ><double>16</double></test>
   <edit name="antialias" mode="assign"><bool>false</bool></edit>
   <edit name="hinting" mode="assign"><bool>true</bool></edit>
   <edit name="autohint" mode="assign"><bool>false</bool></edit>
   <edit name="hintstyle" mode="assign"><const>hintfull</const></edit>
   <edit name="rh_prefer_bitmaps" mode="assign"><bool>true</bool></edit>
</match>


</fontconfig>