centos使用yum安装mysql

参考：http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-yum-repo-quick-guide/en/

1.增加yum数据源

（1.1）从http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/ 获取合适的数据源

（1.2）安装数据源包

shell> sudo rpm -Uvh platform-and-version-specific-package-name.rpm

eg：安装 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux 7 (Architecture Independent), RPM Package

shell> wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm
shell> sudo rpm -Uvh mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm

2.选择合适的安装版本

（2.1）查看mysql数据源中存在的包　

shell> sudo yum repolist all | grep mysql

（2.2）编辑 /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo，启用相应的mysql版本

# Enable to use MySQL 5.6
[mysql56-community]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql57-community]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

  ps: "enabled=1" 启用，"enabled=0" 禁用，上述配置则是安装"mysql 5.7"，禁用"mysql 5.6"

（2.3）查看mysql启用列表

shell > sudo yum repolist enabled | grep mysql
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64      MySQL Connectors Community            17
mysql-tools-community/x86_64           MySQL Tools Community                 27
mysql57-community/x86_64               MySQL 5.7 Community Server            20

 3.安装mysql

shell> sudo yum install mysql-community-server  

 注意：在使用yum 安装 mysql 5.7过程中，会随机生成一个临时的root密码保存到错误日志（"/var/log/mysqld.log")，可以使用如下命令进行查看：

shell > sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

 因此安装mysql 5.7后，需要尽快修改密码。

4.启动mysql服务器

（4.1）启动命令

shell> sudo service mysqld start

（4.2）查看mysql状态

shell> sudo service mysqld status

5.mysql_secure_installation

使用mysql_secure_installation设置root密码，删除匿名用户等重要操作

shell> mysql_secure_installation

ps: 更多操作参考

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/mysql-secure-installation.html

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/default-privileges.html

6.安装mysql额外工具

（6.1）查看可用包名

shell> yum --disablerepo=* --enablerepo='mysql*-community*' list available

（6.2）安装包

shell> sudo yum install 包名

如：安装 mysql-workbench-community

shell> sudo yum install mysql-workbench-community

7.升级mysql

（7.1）编辑 /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo

（7.2）执行update

shell> sudo yum update mysql-server

 或者使用下述命令更新所有包

shell> sudo yum update

8. centos7默认使用mariadb数据库代替mysql，先将mariadb相关包卸载

（8.1）查询 maridb 包命令

shell> sudo rpm -qa | grep -i mariadb

（8.2）删除 

shell> sudo rpm -e 相关包名