mysql-5.7在CentOS-7下的rpm安装

0.安装MySQL前准备

安装MySQL依赖包

systemctl stop postfix
systemctl disable postfix
yum remove postfix

yum install libaio perl net-tools -y

创建数据文件目录

mkdir -p /opt/mysql/{data,binlog}

1.卸载系统自带的mariadb软件包

检查系统中存在的mariadb-lib：rpm -qa|grep mariadb或者yum list installed | grep mariadb
在mini安装的CentOS-7.4中，存在：mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
删除： rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64或者yum remove mariadb-libs.x86_64

2.从MySQL官网下载并解压：mysql-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar，依次安装4个包：

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

3.初始化数据库

编辑/etc/my.cnf，更改数据文件路径：

[mysqld] 
datadir=/opt/mysql/data 
socket=/tmp/mysqld.sock 

symbolic-links=0

log-error=/opt/mysql/mysqld.log 
pid-file=/opt/mysql/mysqld.pid 

[client] 
socket=/tmp/mysqld.sock

修改完成后，进行MySQL初始化：

chown mysql.mysql -R /opt/mysql
chown mysql.mysql -R /etc/my.cnf
chmod 750  -R  /opt/mysql

mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

systemctl start mysqld.service
systemctl enable mysqld
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl status mysqld

初始化完成后会在/mysql/mysqld.log生成随机密码，使用：grep 'temporary password' /mysql/mysqld.log查看随机密码

4.用随机密码登录，修改密码，并设置远程访问

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NewPass8!';
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> Grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'root用户的密码' with grant option;
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> select user,host from user;

5.创建其他管理用户

mysql> create user 'admin'@'%' identified by 'password'; 
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON dbname.* to  'admin'@'%';
mysql> flush privileges