本篇的主要内容：认识ElasticSearch的客户端Kibana、添加索引、查询索引、添加文档、修改文档、查询文档、删除文档、删除索引
1、Kibana的操作界面如下：
2、添加索引
PUT /lib/ { "settings":{ "index":{ "number_of_shards":3, "number_of_replicas":0 } } }
索引名是lib
分片数number_of_shards是3，分片数一旦确定是不能修改
备份数量number_of_replicas是0
添加默认索引如下：
PUT lib
分别执行 GET lib查看指定添加和默认添加的区别：默认分片数是5 备份数是1
{ "lib": { "aliases": {}, "mappings": {}, "settings": { "index": { "creation_date": "1569314525913", "number_of_shards": "3", "number_of_replicas": "0", "uuid": "UtdhpvQXRxibzTXkj9HPSA", "version": { "created": "6020499" }, "provided_name": "lib" } } } }
{ "lib": { "aliases": {}, "mappings": {}, "settings": { "index": { "creation_date": "1569314833757", "number_of_shards": "5", "number_of_replicas": "1", "uuid": "5mwEdY0ZQu2ZP-uqrOFyGg", "version": { "created": "6020499" }, "provided_name": "lib2" } } } }
3、查看索引
下面的几种方法都可以查到所有的索引名称，只是展示的内容不同，_all 包含了aliases、mappings、settings
GET _all
GET _mappings
GET _mapping
GET _aliases
GET _alias
GET _settings
GET _all结果如下：如果有多个的话会列出所有的。
{ "lib": { "aliases": {}, "mappings": {}, "settings": { "index": { "creation_date": "1569314833757", "number_of_shards": "5", "number_of_replicas": "1", "uuid": "5mwEdY0ZQu2ZP-uqrOFyGg", "version": { "created": "6020499" }, "provided_name": "lib2" } } } }
查询某个索引
以下的几个方法可以查询某个索引，展示的内容不同，GET lib 展示的内容包含了其他3项
GET lib GET lib/_alias GET lib/_mapping GET lib/_settings
GET lib
{ "lib": { "aliases": {}, "mappings": {}, "settings": { "index": { "creation_date": "1569314525913", "number_of_shards": "3", "number_of_replicas": "0", "uuid": "UtdhpvQXRxibzTXkj9HPSA", "version": { "created": "6020499" }, "provided_name": "lib" } } } }
4、添加文档
添加文档类似于向数据库中添加记录，有两种方式put和post，一个索引下面只能添加 一种类型
使用PUT添加文档，如下：
PUT /lib/user/1 { "first_name":"Jane", "last_name":"Smith", "age":32, "about":"I like to collect rock albums", "interests":[ "music" ] }
其中lib是创建的索引，user是类型名，1是添加的文档的id，使用PUT添加文档必须要有id。
如果使用POST添加文档，可以不指定id，elasticsearch会自己生成id，如下：
POST /lib/user/ { "first_name":"Fir", "age":23, "about":"I like to build cabinets", "interests":[ "forestry" ] }
5、查询文档
现在只介绍两种查询 文档的方式，根据id查询和查询出所有文档
查询id为1的文档
GET lib/user/1
结果如下：
{ "_index": "lib", "_type": "user", "_id": "1", "_version": 1, "found": true, "_source": { "first_name": "Jane", "last_name": "Smith", "age": 32, "about": "I like to collect rock albums", "interests": [ "music" ] } }
查询索引为lib、类型为user下的所有文档
GET /lib/user/_search { "query":{ "match_all":{} } }
结果如下：
{ "took": 1, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 3, "successful": 3, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 2, "max_score": 1, "hits": [ { "_index": "lib", "_type": "user", "_id": "1", "_score": 1, "_source": { "first_name": "Jane", "last_name": "Smith", "age": 32, "about": "I like to collect rock albums", "interests": [ "music" ] } }, { "_index": "lib", "_type": "user", "_id": "y6mQYm0BJNrNYF2GcZz1", "_score": 1, "_source": { "first_name": "Fir", "age": 23, "about": "I like to build cabinets", "interests": [ "forestry" ] } } ] } }
查询lib索引下类型是user，文档id是1的文档，只查询字段age和about
GET /lib/user/1?_source=age,about
结果如下：
{ "_index": "lib", "_type": "user", "_id": "1", "_version": 1, "found": true, "_source": { "about": "I like to collect rock albums", "age": 32 } }
6、修改文档
修改文档有两种方法，一个是用PUT直接覆盖掉原来的，另一个就是用POST只修改要改的部分。
第一中方法，将id为1的age修改为36：
PUT /lib/user/1 { "first_name":"Jane", "last_name":"Smith", "age":36, "about":"I like to collect rock albums", "interests":[ "music" ] }
第二中方法，将id为1的age修改为33
POST /lib/user/1/_update { "doc":{ "age":33 } }
7、删除文档
DELETE /lib/user/1
8、删除索引
DELETE /lib