Using SQL*Loader to create an external table

下面的实验是有一个txt的文本文件，根据此文本文件，使用SQL*Loader创建一个External Table.

1,创建控制文件

[oracle@vmoel5u4 ~]$ vi car.control
load data
infile 'car.txt'
badfile 'car.bad'
discardfile 'car.discard'
append
into table car_info_test
FIELDS TERMINATED BY ","
TRAILING NULLCOLS
 (
maker,
model,
no_cyl,
first_built_date date 'yyyy/mm/dd',
engine,
hp,
price
)

2,然后根据控制文件创建一个外部表

[oracle@vmoel5u4 ~]$ sqlldr oltp_usr/oracle control=car.control external_table=GENERATE_ONLY log=cardata.log

SQL*Loader: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Mar 31 19:05:06 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

3,通过cardata.log文件来查看创建external table的语法：

[oracle@vmoel5u4 ~]$ vi cardata.log
      "PRICE" CHAR(255)
        TERMINATED BY ","
    )
Data File:      car.txt
  Bad File:     car.bad
  Discard File: car.discard
 (Allow all discards)

Number to load: ALL
Number to skip: 0
Errors allowed: 50
Continuation:    none specified
Path used:      External Table

Table CAR, loaded from every logical record.
Insert option in effect for this table: APPEND
TRAILING NULLCOLS option in effect

   Column Name                  Position   Len  Term Encl Datatype
------------------------------ ---------- ----- ---- ---- ---------------------
MAKER                               FIRST     *   ,       CHARACTER
MODEL                                NEXT     *   ,       CHARACTER
NO_CYL                               NEXT     *   ,       CHARACTER
FIRST_BUILT_DATE                     NEXT     *   ,       DATE yyyy/mm/dd
ENGINE                               NEXT     *   ,       CHARACTER
HP                                   NEXT     *   ,       CHARACTER
PRICE                                NEXT     *   ,       CHARACTER

CREATE TABLE statement for external table:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE "SYS_SQLLDR_X_EXT_CAR"
(
  "MAKER" VARCHAR2(20),
  "MODEL" VARCHAR2(20),
  "NO_CYL" NUMBER,
  "FIRST_BUILT_DATE" DATE,
  "ENGINE" VARCHAR2(20),
  "HP" NUMBER(10,1),
  "PRICE" NUMBER(10,2)
)
ORGANIZATION external
(
  TYPE oracle_loader
  DEFAULT DIRECTORY TEST
  ACCESS PARAMETERS
  (
    RECORDS DELIMITED BY NEWLINE CHARACTERSET US7ASCII
    BADFILE 'TEST':'car.bad'
    DISCARDFILE 'TEST':'car.discard'
    LOGFILE 'cardata.log_xt'
    READSIZE 1048576
    FIELDS TERMINATED BY "," LDRTRIM
    MISSING FIELD VALUES ARE NULL
    REJECT ROWS WITH ALL NULL FIELDS
    (
      "MAKER" CHAR(255)
        TERMINATED BY ",",
      "MODEL" CHAR(255)
        TERMINATED BY ",",
      "NO_CYL" CHAR(255)
        TERMINATED BY ",",
      "FIRST_BUILT_DATE" CHAR(255)
        TERMINATED BY ","
        DATE_FORMAT DATE MASK "yyyy/mm/dd",
      "ENGINE" CHAR(255)
        TERMINATED BY ",",
      "HP" CHAR(255)
        TERMINATED BY ",",
      "PRICE" CHAR(255)
        TERMINATED BY ","
    )
  )
  location
  (
    'car.txt'
  )
)REJECT LIMIT UNLIMITED

INSERT statements used to load internal tables:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[oracle@vmoel5u4 ~]$ vi cardata.log
        TERMINATED BY ",",
      "PRICE" CHAR(255)
        TERMINATED BY ","
    )
  )
  location
  (
    'car.txt'
  )
)REJECT LIMIT UNLIMITED

INSERT statements used to load internal tables:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
INSERT /*+ append */ INTO CAR
(
  MAKER,
  MODEL,
  NO_CYL,
  FIRST_BUILT_DATE,
  ENGINE,
  HP,
  PRICE
)
SELECT
  "MAKER",
  "MODEL",
  "NO_CYL",
  "FIRST_BUILT_DATE",
  "ENGINE",
  "HP",
  "PRICE"
FROM "SYS_SQLLDR_X_EXT_CAR"

statements to cleanup objects created by previous statements:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
DROP TABLE "SYS_SQLLDR_X_EXT_CAR"

由上面cardata.log文件的信息，可以看出，创建external table的语法都完整的给出了，只要稍做修改就可以创建外部表了

4, 创建外部表

SQL> conn hr/hr
Connected.
CREATE TABLE HR.car_info_test
(
  "MAKER" VARCHAR2(20),
  "MODEL" VARCHAR2(20),
  "NO_CYL" NUMBER,
  "FIRST_BUILT_DATE" DATE,
  "ENGINE" VARCHAR2(20),
  "HP" NUMBER(10,1),
  "PRICE" NUMBER(10,2)
)
ORGANIZATION external
(
  TYPE oracle_loader
  DEFAULT DIRECTORY TEST
  ACCESS PARAMETERS
  (
    RECORDS DELIMITED BY NEWLINE CHARACTERSET US7ASCII
    BADFILE 'TEST':'car.bad'
    DISCARDFILE 'TEST':'car.discard'
    LOGFILE 'cardata.log_xt'
    READSIZE 1048576
    FIELDS TERMINATED BY "," LDRTRIM
    MISSING FIELD VALUES ARE NULL
    REJECT ROWS WITH ALL NULL FIELDS
    (
      "MAKER" CHAR(255)
        TERMINATED BY ",",
      "MODEL" CHAR(255)
        TERMINATED BY ",",
      "NO_CYL" CHAR(255)
        TERMINATED BY ",",
      "FIRST_BUILT_DATE" CHAR(255)
        TERMINATED BY ","
        DATE_FORMAT DATE MASK "yyyy/mm/dd",
      "ENGINE" CHAR(255)
        TERMINATED BY ",",
      "HP" CHAR(255)
        TERMINATED BY ",",
      "PRICE" CHAR(255)
        TERMINATED BY ","
    )
  )
  location
  (
    'car.txt'
  )
)REJECT LIMIT UNLIMITED;

Table created.

5,确认是否创建外部表成功

SQL> select count(*) from car_info_test;

  COUNT(*)
----------
        17