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  • 安卓开发23:Service详细解读

    关于Service

    Service说明:Service是android 系统中的四大组件之一(Activity、Service、BroadcastReceiver、ContentProvider),它跟Activity的级别差不多,但不能自己运行只能后台运行,并且可以和其他组件进行交互。一般适合在后台运行。


    Service启动流程

    context.startService() 启动流程:

    context.startService()  -> onCreate()  -> onStartCommand()  -> Service running  -> context.stopService()  -> onDestroy()  -> Service stop

    启动Service方法->创建Service->启动运行(onStartCommand可多次运行,新版本不用onStart了)->关闭Service->销毁->Service停止


    context.bindService()启动流程:

    context.bindService()  -> onCreate()  -> onBind()  -> Service running  -> onUnbind()  -> onDestroy()  -> Service stop


    Service生命周期


    Service实例

    activity_main.xml,两个按钮,一个启动TestService 一个点击后停止Service

    <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
        android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
        android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
        android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
        tools:context=".MainActivity" >
    
        <!-- button -->
    
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/button1"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
            android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
            android:layout_marginLeft="70dp"
            android:layout_marginTop="116dp"
            android:text="Start" />
    
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/button2"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_alignBaseline="@+id/button1"
            android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/button1"
            android:layout_marginLeft="38dp"
            android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/button1"
            android:text="Stop" />
    
    </RelativeLayout>

    MainActivity.java:

    package com.example.test.com;
    
    
    import android.app.Activity;
    import android.content.Intent;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
    import android.view.Window;
    import android.widget.Button;
    
    public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    
        private Button btn;
        private Button btn2;
    
        private Intent intent;
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
            intent = new Intent(this, TestService.class);
    
            //start按钮
            btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
            btn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
    
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    System.out.println("Click");
                    Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
                    bundle.putString("op", "Hello World2");
                    intent.putExtras(bundle);
                    startService(intent); //启动后端服务
                }
    
            });
    
            //stop按钮
            btn2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button2);
            btn2.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
    
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    if (intent != null) {
                        stopService(intent);
                    }
                }
    
            });
        }
    
        @Override
        protected void onDestroy() {
            //退出的时候停止Service
            if (intent != null) {
                stopService(intent);
            }
        }
    
    }
    


    创建一个TestService.java:

    package com.example.test.com;
    
    
    import android.app.Service;
    import android.content.Intent;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.os.IBinder;
    
    public class TestService extends Service {
    
        Intent intent = new Intent();
    
        @Override
        public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
            System.out.println("Service onBind");
            return null;
        }
    
        /**
         * Service启动的时候创建一次
         */
        @Override
        public void onCreate() {
            //只有在创建Service的时候 onCreate才会调用一次
            System.out.println("Create TestService");
            super.onCreate();
        }
    
        /**
         * 每次调用startService都会调用该函数
         */
        @Override
        public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
            //接收传递过来的参数
            Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
            System.out.println("Service onStartCommand VAL:" + bundle.getString("op"));
            return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
        }
    
        /**
         * 调用stopService的时候销毁Service
         */
        @Override
        public void onDestroy() {
            //停止这个Service的时候会销毁
            System.out.println("Service onDestroy");
            super.onDestroy();
        }
    
    }
    


    AndroidManifest.xml 中注册Service:

            <service android:name=".TestService" >
            </service>

    效果:


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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/javawebsoa/p/3196596.html
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