/*
* 对于线程之间的操作:
* 一个进程中会有多个线程,各个线程之间的或向切换会付出很小的代价相比于进程之间的切换
* 为什么要引入多线程:
* 1.与进程相比,他是一种非常节俭的多任务的操作方式。文们知道,在linux系统下,启动一个新的进程,
* 必须分配一个独立的地址空间,建立众多的数据表来维护它的代码段,堆栈段和数据段,这是一种开销和维护成本比较大的多任务工作方式。
* 而运行一个进程中的多个线程,他们彼此之间使用相同的地址空间,共享大部分的数据,启动一个线程花费的时间和空间远小于启动一个进程
* 所花费的空间;
* 2.线程间的通信比较方便,对于不同的进程来说,他们具有独立的数据空间,要进行数据传递只能以通信的方式进行,这种方式不仅费时,而且不方便
* 线程则不然,由于同一进程下的线程之间共享数据空间,所以一个线程的数据可以直接为其他线程所用。
* 3.提高应用程序的响应;
* 4.使多CPU系统更加有效,操作系统会保证当线程数不大于CPU数目时,不同的线程运行在不同的CPU上
* 5.改善程序结构,一个即长有复杂的进程,可以考虑分为多个线程,成为几个独立或半独立的运行部分,这样程序便于理解和修改
* */
#include <pthread.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#define MAX 10
pthread_t thread[2];
pthread_mutex_t mut;
int number = 0,i;
void * thread1(void * )
{
printf("thread1 : I'm thread 1
");
for(i=0; i<MAX; i++)
{
pthread_mutex_lock(&mut);
printf("thread1 : number = %d
",number);
number++;
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mut);
msleep(1000*100);
}
printf("thread1 :wait the main thread to finish the task?
");
pthread_exit(NULL);
}
void * thread2(void * )
{
printf("thread2 : I'm thread 2
");
for(i=0; i<MAX; i++)
{
pthread_mutex_lock(&mut);
printf("thread2 : number = %d
",number);
number--;
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mut);
msleep(1000*100);
}
printf("thread2 :wait the main thread to finish the task?
");
pthread_exit(NULL);
}
void thread_create(void)
{
int temp;
memset(&thread,0,sizeof(thread));
temp = pthread_create(&thread[0],NULL,thread1,NULL);
if(temp != 0)
printf("create thread 1 failed
");
else
printf("create thread 1 successful
");
temp = pthread_create(&thread[1],NULL,thread2,NULL);
if(temp != 0)
printf("create thread 2 failed
");
else
printf("create thread 2 successful
");
}
void thread_wait(void)
{
if(thread[0] != 0)
{
pthread_join(thread[0],NULL);
printf("thread 1 has finished
");
}
if(thread[1] != 0)
{
pthread_join(thread[0],NULL);
printf("thread 2 has finished
");
}
}
int main()
{
pthread_mutex_init(&mut,NULL);
printf("I am the main thread
");
thread_create();
printf("Main thread wait other thread run
");
thread_wait();
return 0;
}
在我笔记本上的运行结果是:
I am the main thread create thread 1 successful create thread 2 successful Main thread wait other thread run thread2 : I'm thread 2 thread1 : I'm thread 1 thread2 : number = 0 thread1 : number = -1 thread2 : number = 0 thread1 : number = -1 thread2 : number = 0 thread1 : number = -1 thread1 : number = 0 thread2 : number = 1 thread2 : number = 0 thread1 : number = -1 thread2 : number = 0 thread1 : number = -1 thread1 : number = 0 thread2 : number = 1 thread2 :wait the main thread to finish the task? thread1 :wait the main thread to finish the task? thread 1 has finished thread 2 has finished