死锁跟踪：6种跟踪死锁的方法总结

原文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/kk185800961/article/details/42504857

方法一：Windows 性能计数器监控

命令行输入：perfmon  或者 perfmon /sys

选择实例：SQL Server :Locks \  Number of DeadLocks/sec \ _Total 

 （只能知道什么时候发生死锁，看不得具体死锁信息）

实时查看：

作业记录到文件：（可跟踪一段时间，耗系统性能很小）

方法二：打开profiler跟踪事件 locks: deadlock graph

（生成的死锁图可以拷贝出来XML格式的死锁信息）

或者导出上面为脚本在后台执行跟踪

--  后台跟踪  
declare @rc int    
declare @traceid int          --跟踪分配的编号    
declare @options int          --TRACE_FILE_ROLLOVER=2/SHUTDOWN_ON_ERROR=4/TRACE_PRODUCE_BLACKBOX=8    
declare @tracefile nvarchar(500)--跟踪文件的存储路径    
declare @maxfilesize bigint   --跟踪文件的大小，单位是mb，默认5mb    
declare @endtime datetime     --停止跟踪的日期和时间,为NULL则表示一直跟踪    
declare @filecount int        --跟踪文件的数量,其值大于1,TRACE_FILE_ROLLOVER=2 时有效    
set @options = 2    
set @tracefile = N'E:BlockedTraceName'    
set @maxfilesize = 20    
set @endtime = NULL  
set @filecount = 5    
    
--  exec @rc = sp_trace_create @TraceID output, 0, N'InsertFileNameHere', @maxfilesize, NULL     
exec @rc = sp_trace_Create @TraceID output,@options,@tracefile,@maxfilesize,@endtime,@filecount    
if (@rc != 0) goto error    
  
-- Set the events  
declare @on bit  
set @on = 1  
exec sp_trace_setevent @TraceID, 148, 1, @on  
exec sp_trace_setevent @TraceID, 148, 12, @on  
exec sp_trace_setevent @TraceID, 148, 14, @on  
exec sp_trace_setevent @TraceID, 148, 26, @on  
  
-- Set the Filters  
declare @intfilter int  
declare @bigintfilter bigint  
  
-- Set the trace status to start  
exec sp_trace_setstatus @TraceID, 1  
  
-- display trace id for future references  
select TraceID=@TraceID  
goto finish  
  
error:   
select ErrorCode=@rc  
  
finish:   
go  
  
--查看跟踪记录  
select ServerName,EventClass,StartTime,TextData,CONVERT(XML,TextData) XMLTextData    
from ::fn_trace_gettable('E:BlockedTraceName.trc',default)

    

方法三：打开1222或者1204标志记录死锁,在sqlserver日志查看

DBCC TRACEON(1222,-1)    
DBCC TRACEON(1204,-1)  

如果日志太多就不好找了，这时可以用系统扩展存储过程筛选！

--查看是否死锁，确定死锁的的时间  
exec xp_readerrorlog 0,1,'deadlock victim',NULL,'2015-01-01','2015-01-10','ASC'  
  
--按时间查看sqlserver日志，即为死锁信息  
exec xp_readerrorlog 0,1,NULL,NULL,'2015-01-07 22:13:10','2015-01-07 22:13:11','ASC'  

方法四：扩展事件

IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sys.server_event_sessions WHERE name = 'deadlock')  
    DROP EVENT SESSION [deadlock] ON SERVER   
GO  
  
--  跟踪的事件：database_xml_deadlock_report，xml_deadlock_report (跟踪一个即可，这里跟踪俩个)  
--  选择跟踪列：client_hostname，database_name，nt_username，plan_handle，sql_text  
CREATE EVENT SESSION [deadlock]   
ON SERVER   
ADD EVENT sqlserver.database_xml_deadlock_report(  
    ACTION(sqlserver.client_hostname,sqlserver.database_name,sqlserver.nt_username,sqlserver.plan_handle,sqlserver.sql_text)),  
ADD EVENT sqlserver.xml_deadlock_report(  
    ACTION(sqlserver.client_hostname,sqlserver.database_name,sqlserver.nt_username,sqlserver.plan_handle,sqlserver.sql_text))   
ADD TARGET package0.event_file(  
    SET filename=N'D:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL Serverdeadlock', --存储路径及文件名前缀  
    max_file_size=(10),     --最大文件大小，单位MB  
    max_rollover_files=(4)) --启用文件滚动存储的最大文件数  
GO  
  
ALTER EVENT SESSION [deadlock] ON SERVER STATE=START  
GO  
  
--查询跟踪  
SELECT object_name as event,convert(xml, event_data) as xml_data  
FROM master.sys.fn_xe_file_target_read_file('D:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL Serverdeadlock*', NULL, NULL, NULL) 

方法五：系统扩展事件会话system_health自动记录

--扩展事件会话的信息  
select * from sys.dm_xe_sessions where name = 'system_health'  
  
  
SELECT   
    xed.value('@timestamp','datetime')as Creation_Date,    
    xed.query('.')AS Extend_Event    
FROM   
(    
    SELECT CAST([target_data] AS XML)AS Target_Data    
    FROM sys.dm_xe_session_targets AS xt    
    INNER JOIN sys.dm_xe_sessions AS xs    
    ON xs.address= xt.event_session_address    
    WHERE xs.name=N'system_health'    
    AND xt.target_name=N'ring_buffer'  
) AS XML_Data    
CROSS APPLY Target_Data.nodes('RingBufferTarget/event[@name="xml_deadlock_report"]')AS XEventData(xed)    
ORDER BY Creation_Date DESC  

方法六：Service Broker Event Notifications

USE msdb;  
  
--  队列用来保存数据  
--  DROP QUEUE DeadlockQueue   
CREATE QUEUE DeadlockQueue WITH STATUS=ON  
GO  
  
--  将消息传递到数据库中的正确队列  
--  DROP SERVICE DeadlockService  
CREATE SERVICE DeadlockService  
ON QUEUE DeadlockQueue([http://schemas.microsoft.com/SQL/Notifications/PostEventNotification])  
GO  
  
--  创建可向服务发送有关数据库或服务器事件的信息的对象  
--  DROP EVENT NOTIFICATION CaptureDeadlocks ON SERVER  
CREATE EVENT NOTIFICATION CaptureDeadlocks  
ON SERVER  
WITH FAN_IN  
FOR DEADLOCK_GRAPH  
TO SERVICE 'DeadlockService','current database' ;  
GO  
  
--[此时发生死锁]  
  
--  查询XML格式的死锁信息  
SELECT CAST(message_body AS XML) AS message_body FROM DeadlockQueue