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  • 配IP地址

    先输入ifconfig,知道网卡名是:ens33

    [root@bogon ~]# ifconfig

    ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500

            inet 192.168.88.128  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.88.255

    得到临时配IP地址命令:

    ifconfig ens33 192.168.88.128

    在另外两台也分别配IP:

    ifconfig ens33 192.168.88.131

    ifconfig ens33 192.168.88.132

    看看有没人在用某个IP地址

    [root@bogon share]# arping -I ens33 192.168.88.131

    看看ifconfig是哪个文件产生的

    [root@bogon share]# which ifconfig

    /usr/sbin/ifconfig

    是哪个包产生的文件?

    [root@bogon share]# rpm -qf /usr/sbin/ifconfig

    net-tools-2.0-0.22.20131004git.el7.x86_64

    [root@bogon share]#

    命令:

    [root@bogon share]# ip add show

    ens33是物理网卡

    lo是回款地址,测试用的,127.0.0.1

    开发可以在虚拟机自己写个软件,与本机的WINDOWS当客户端,用192.168.88.128连接

    开发不用虚拟机开发软件,也用WINDOWS开发,就用127.0.0.1与客户端连接

    mtu 1500:网卡一次性能传送1500个字节

    inet6 fe80::8ef4:d045:bb20:5d0a:IPV6的地址,不要管它,我们用的都是IPV4的地址,就是192.168.88.128

    ether 00:0c:29:56:c5:2f:mark地址

    [root@bogon share]# ifconfig

    ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500

            inet 192.168.88.128  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.88.255

            inet6 fe80::8ef4:d045:bb20:5d0a  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>

            ether 00:0c:29:56:c5:2f  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)

            RX packets 8789  bytes 965842 (943.2 KiB)

            RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0

            TX packets 15287  bytes 2244339 (2.1 MiB)

            TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

    lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536

            inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0

            inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>

            loop  txqueuelen 1  (Local Loopback)

            RX packets 28  bytes 2144 (2.0 KiB)

            RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0

            TX packets 28  bytes 2144 (2.0 KiB)

            TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

    virbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500

            inet 192.168.122.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.122.255

            ether 52:54:00:c4:7b:7d  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)

            RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)

            RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0

            TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)

            TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

    改IP的命令

    [root@bogon share]# ifconfig ens33 192.168.88.128/24

    1、下面都是临时修改:

    配DNS

    [root@bogon share]# vim /etc/resolv.conf

    根据DNS来改:

     

    老师的界面

     

     

    配网关,添加默认网关,把网关地址写出来

    [root@bogon share]# route add default gw 192.168.1.1 network 255.255.255.0

     

    老师的界面:

    0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0代表所有的IP地址或子网

    查看

    [root@bogon share]# route -n

    老师的界面:

     

    删网关:

    [root@bogon ~]# route del default gw 192.168.1.1 network 255.255.255.0

    我的运行结果:

    删除网关:

    [root@bogon ~]# route del default gw 192.168.88.2

    [root@bogon ~]# route -n

    Kernel IP routing table

    Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface

    192.168.88.0    0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 ens33

    192.168.88.0    0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens33

    192.168.122.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 virbr0

    [root@bogon ~]# route del default gw 192.168.1.1

    SIOCDELRT: 没有那个进程

    添加网关:

    [root@bogon ~]# route add default gw 192.168.88.2 netmask 255.255.255.0

    [root@bogon ~]# route -n

    网关Gateway为0.0.0.0代表内网访问,不需要网关

    Kernel IP routing table

    Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface

    0.0.0.0         192.168.88.2    255.255.255.0   UG    0      0        0 ens33

    192.168.88.0    0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 ens33

    192.168.88.0    0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens33

    192.168.122.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 virbr0

    [root@bogon ~]#

    2、永久修改:

    [root@bogon ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/

    [root@bogon network-scripts]# ls

    ifcfg-ens33  ifdown-ppp       ifup-ib      ifup-Team

    ifcfg-lo     ifdown-routes    ifup-ippp    ifup-TeamPort

    ifdown       ifdown-sit       ifup-ipv6    ifup-tunnel

    ifdown-bnep  ifdown-Team      ifup-isdn    ifup-wireless

    ifdown-eth   ifdown-TeamPort  ifup-plip    init.ipv6-global

    ifdown-ib    ifdown-tunnel    ifup-plusb   network-functions

    ifdown-ippp  ifup             ifup-post    network-functions-ipv6

    ifdown-ipv6  ifup-aliases     ifup-ppp

    ifdown-isdn  ifup-bnep        ifup-routes

    ifdown-post  ifup-eth         ifup-sit

    [root@bogon network-scripts]#

    用命令:

    [root@bogon network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-ens33

    得到:dhcp是自动获取网络地址的意思

    TYPE="Ethernet"

    PROXY_METHOD="none"

    BROWSER_ONLY="no"

    BOOTPROTO="dhcp"

    DEFROUTE="yes"

    IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"

    IPV6INIT="yes"

    IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"

    IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"

    IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"

    IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE="stable-privacy"

    NAME="ens33"

    UUID="a2c8cc27-b372-4110-ac17-23e1132cd249"

    DEVICE="ens33"

    ONBOOT="yes"

    保存退出:

    TYPE="Ethernet"

    PROXY_METHOD="none"

    BROWSER_ONLY="no"

    BOOTPROTO="static"

    IPADDR=192.168.88.131

    NETMASK=255.255.255.0

    GATEWAY=192.168.88.2

    DNS1=202.106.195.68

    DEFROUTE="yes"

    IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"

    IPV6INIT="yes"

    IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"

    IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"

    IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"

    IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE="stable-privacy"

    NAME="ens33"

    UUID="a2c8cc27-b372-4110-ac17-23e1132cd249"

    DEVICE="ens33"

    ONBOOT="yes"

    重启网络服务:

    [root@bogon network-scripts]# systemctl restart network

    [root@bogon network-scripts]#

    查看:

    [root@bogon network-scripts]# cat /etc/resolv.conf

    # Generated by NetworkManager

    nameserver 202.106.195.68

    [root@bogon network-scripts]#

    还可以配多个DNS

    [root@bogon network-scripts]# systemctl restart network

    IP没变:

    [root@bogon network-scripts]# ifconfig

    ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500

            inet 192.168.88.131  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.88.255

    网关也没变:

    [root@bogon network-scripts]# route -n

    Kernel IP routing table

    Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface

    0.0.0.0         192.168.88.2    0.0.0.0         UG    100    0        0 ens33

    192.168.88.0    0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens33

    192.168.122.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 virbr0

    [root@bogon network-scripts]# cat /etc/resolv.conf

    多了一个nameserver

    # Generated by NetworkManager

    nameserver 202.106.195.68

    nameserver 202.106.46.151

    [root@bogon network-scripts]#

    把百度翻译成:61.135.169.121的IP地址

    [root@bogon ~]# ping www.baidu.com

    PING www.a.shifen.com (61.135.169.121) 56(84) bytes of data.

    在没有DNS下,可以用hosts来帮自己解析,例如可以自己设置网址,让自己另一台计算机连这个网,我可以开两个虚拟机,看看他们的IP,一台是192.168.88.131

    在名字为learn的虚拟机上

    [root@bogon ~]# vim /etc/hosts

    127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4

    ::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

    192.168.88.131     learn1

    [root@bogon ~]# ping learn1

    PING learn1 (192.168.88.131) 56(84) bytes of data.

    64 bytes from learn1 (192.168.88.131): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.630 ms

    64 bytes from learn1 (192.168.88.131): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.334 ms

    这样不同的机器设置同一个域名,就可以访问

    修改主机名的方法:

    [root@bogon ~]# hostname

    bogon

    [root@bogon ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname learn1

    [root@bogon ~]# hostname

    learn1

    [root@bogon ~]#

    上面还是bogon,用exit退出后重新连接,就得到learn1了

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/jensenxie/p/7868911.html
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