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  • IOS 生成本地验证码

      在应用程序注册、登陆或者有关支付确认的界面,经常会用到验证码,验证码有的是通过手机发送获取的,有的是在本地点击获取的,通过手机发送获取的动态验证码可以使用第三方类库实现,本地点击获取的是在本地自己绘制的,下面我们来详细讲解一下本地生成动态验证码的过程。

     

    <一>导入CoreGraphics.framework

     

    <二>验证码封装了一个UIView,在使用的时候直接把这个View加到界面上使用

      CaptchaView.h

    #import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
    
    @interface CaptchaView : UIView
    
    @property (nonatomic, retain) NSArray *changeArray; //字符素材数组
    @property (nonatomic, retain) NSMutableString *changeString;  //验证码的字符串
    
    @end

      CaptchaView.m

    #import "CaptchaView.h"
    
    #define kRandomColor  [UIColor colorWithRed:arc4random() % 256 / 256.0 green:arc4random() % 256 / 256.0 blue:arc4random() % 256 / 256.0 alpha:1.0];
    #define kLineCount 6
    #define kLineWidth 1.0
    #define kCharCount 6
    #define kFontSize [UIFont systemFontOfSize:arc4random() % 5 + 15]
    
    @implementation CaptchaView
    @synthesize changeString,changeArray;
    
    - (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame
    {
        if (self = [super initWithFrame:frame]) {
            
            self.layer.cornerRadius = 5.0; //设置layer圆角半径
            self.layer.masksToBounds = YES; //隐藏边界
            self.backgroundColor = kRandomColor;
            
            //显示一个随机验证码
            [self changeCaptcha];
        }
        
        return self;
    }
    #pragma mark 更换验证码,得到更换的验证码的字符串
    -(void)changeCaptcha
    {
    //<一>从字符数组中随机抽取相应数量的字符,组成验证码字符串
        //数组中存放的是全部可选的字符,可以是字母,也可以是中文
        self.changeArray = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"0",@"1",@"2",@"3",@"4",@"5",@"6",@"7",@"8",@"9",@"A",@"B",@"C",@"D",@"E",@"F",@"G",@"H",@"I",@"J",@"K",@"L",@"M",@"N",@"O",@"P",@"Q",@"R",@"S",@"T",@"U",@"V",@"W",@"X",@"Y",@"Z",@"a",@"b",@"c",@"d",@"e",@"f",@"g",@"h",@"i",@"j",@"k",@"l",@"m",@"n",@"o",@"p",@"q",@"r",@"s",@"t",@"u",@"v",@"w",@"x",@"y",@"z",@"",@"",@"",@"",nil];
        
        //如果能确定最大需要的容量,使用initWithCapacity:来设置,好处是当元素个数不超过容量时,添加元素不需要重新分配内存
        NSMutableString *getStr = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithCapacity:kCharCount];
        self.changeString = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithCapacity:kCharCount];
        
        //随机从数组中选取需要个数的字符,然后拼接为一个字符串
        for(int i = 0; i < kCharCount; i++)
        {
            NSInteger index = arc4random() % ([self.changeArray count] - 1);
            getStr = [self.changeArray objectAtIndex:index];
            
            self.changeString = (NSMutableString *)[self.changeString stringByAppendingString:getStr];
        }
        
    //<2>从网络获取字符串,然后把得到的字符串在本地绘制出来(网络获取步骤在这省略)
    //    self.changeString = [NSMutableString stringWithString:@"杰瑞教育"];
    }
    
    #pragma mark 点击view时调用,因为当前类自身就是UIView,点击更换验证码可以直接写到这个方法中,不用再额外添加手势
    -(void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
    {
        //点击界面,切换验证码
        [self changeCaptcha];
        
        //setNeedsDisplay调用drawRect方法来实现view的绘制
        [self setNeedsDisplay];
    }
    
    #pragma mark 绘制界面(1.UIView初始化后自动调用; 2.调用setNeedsDisplay方法时会自动调用)
    - (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect {
        // 重写父类方法,首先要调用父类的方法
        [super drawRect:rect];
    
        //设置随机背景颜色
        self.backgroundColor = kRandomColor;
        
        //获得要显示验证码字符串,根据长度,计算每个字符显示的大概位置
        NSString *text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",self.changeString];
        CGSize cSize = [@"S" sizeWithAttributes:@{NSFontAttributeName:[UIFont systemFontOfSize:20]}];
        int width = rect.size.width / text.length - cSize.width;
        int height = rect.size.height - cSize.height;
        CGPoint point;
        
        //依次绘制每一个字符,可以设置显示的每个字符的字体大小、颜色、样式等
        float pX, pY;
        for (int i = 0; i < text.length; i++)
        {
            pX = arc4random() % width + rect.size.width / text.length * i;
            pY = arc4random() % height;
            point = CGPointMake(pX, pY);
            unichar c = [text characterAtIndex:i];
            NSString *textC = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%C", c];
            
            [textC drawAtPoint:point withAttributes:@{NSFontAttributeName:kFontSize}];
        }
        
        //调用drawRect:之前,系统会向栈中压入一个CGContextRef,调用UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()会取栈顶的CGContextRef
        CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
        //设置画线宽度
        CGContextSetLineWidth(context, kLineWidth);
        
        //绘制干扰的彩色直线
        for(int i = 0; i < kLineCount; i++)
        {
            //设置线的随机颜色
            UIColor *color = kRandomColor;
            CGContextSetStrokeColorWithColor(context, [color CGColor]);
            //设置线的起点
            pX = arc4random() % (int)rect.size.width;
            pY = arc4random() % (int)rect.size.height;
            CGContextMoveToPoint(context, pX, pY);
            //设置线终点
            pX = arc4random() % (int)rect.size.width;
            pY = arc4random() % (int)rect.size.height;
            CGContextAddLineToPoint(context, pX, pY);
            //画线
            CGContextStrokePath(context);
        }
    }
    
    @end

    <三>在界面上添加验证码

       ViewController.m

    #import "ViewController.h"
    #import "CaptchaView.h"
    
    @interface ViewController ()<UITextFieldDelegate,UIAlertViewDelegate>
    {
        CaptchaView *_captchaView;
        UITextField *_input;
    }
    
    @end
    
    @implementation ViewController
    
    - (void)viewDidLoad {
        [super viewDidLoad];
        
        //显示验证码界面
        _captchaView = [[CaptchaView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 40, 150, 40)];
        [self.view addSubview:_captchaView];
        
        //提示文字
        UILabel *label = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(190, 40, 100, 40)];
        label.text = @"点击图片换验证码";
        label.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:12];
        label.textColor = [UIColor grayColor];
        [self.view addSubview:label];
        
        //添加输入框
        _input = [[UITextField alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 100, 150, 40)];
        _input.layer.borderColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor].CGColor;
        _input.layer.borderWidth = 2.0;
        _input.layer.cornerRadius = 5.0;
        _input.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:21];
        _input.placeholder = @"请输入验证码!";
        _input.clearButtonMode = UITextFieldViewModeWhileEditing;
        _input.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
        _input.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter;
        _input.returnKeyType = UIReturnKeyDone;
        _input.delegate = self;
        [self.view addSubview:_input];
    }
    
    #pragma mark 输入框协议中方法,点击return按钮
    - (BOOL)textFieldShouldReturn:(UITextField *)textField
    {
        //判断输入的是否为验证图片显示的验证码
        if ([_input.text isEqualToString:_captchaView.changeString]) {
            //正确弹出警告款提示正确
            UIAlertView *alview = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"恭喜您 ^o^" message:@"验证成功" delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:@"OK" otherButtonTitles:nil, nil];
            [alview show];
        }
        else
        {
            //验证不匹配,验证码和输入框晃动
            CAKeyframeAnimation *anim = [CAKeyframeAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation.x"];
            anim.repeatCount = 1;
            anim.values = @[@-20, @20, @-20];
            [_captchaView.layer addAnimation:anim forKey:nil];
            [_input.layer addAnimation:anim forKey:nil];
        }
        return YES;
    }
    
    #pragma mark 警告框中方法
    -(void)alertView:(UIAlertView *)alertView clickedButtonAtIndex:(NSInteger)buttonIndex
    {
        //清空输入框内容,收回键盘
        if (buttonIndex==0) {
            _input.text = @"";
            [_input resignFirstResponder];
        }
    }
    @end

      想要了解更多内容的小伙伴,可以点击查看源码,亲自运行测试。

    作者:杰瑞教育
    出处:http://www.cnblogs.com/jerehedu/ 
    本文版权归烟台杰瑞教育科技有限公司和博客园共有,欢迎转载,但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明,且在文章页面明显位置给出原文连接,否则保留追究法律责任的权利。
     
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/jerehedu/p/4527707.html
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