MS SQL 获取数据库名，表名，列名，说明等信息(SQL Server 2005 测试通过)

/**************************************************************************************************************
、获取所有用户名:
islogin='1'   :表示帐户
islogin='0'   :表示角色
status='2'   :表示用户帐户
status='0'   :表示系统帐户
**************************************************************************************************************/
SELECT name
FROM   sysusers
WHERE  status = '0'
       AND islogin = '1'
/**************************************************************************************************************
、获取所有数据库名:
**************************************************************************************************************/
SELECT name
FROM     master..sysdatabases
ORDER BY name
/**************************************************************************************************************
、获取所有表名:
XType='U'    :表示所有用户表;
XType='S'    :表示所有系统表;
**************************************************************************************************************/
SELECT name
FROM     数据库名..sysobjects
WHERE    xtype = 'U'
ORDER BY name
/**************************************************************************************************************
、获取所有字段名:
**************************************************************************************************************/
SELECT name
FROM   syscolumns
WHERE  id = Object_id('表名')
/**************************************************************************************************************
、获取数据库所有类型:
**************************************************************************************************************/
SELECT name
FROM   systypes
/**************************************************************************************************************
、获取主键字段:
**************************************************************************************************************/
SELECT name
FROM   syscolumns
WHERE  id = Object_id('表名')
       AND colid = (SELECT TOP 1 keyno
                    FROM   sysindexkeys
                    WHERE  id = Object_id('表名'))
/**************************************************************************************************************
、获取表字段的基本信息:
a.
**************************************************************************************************************/
SELECT 字段名 = Rtrim(b.name)
       ,主键 = CASE 
               WHEN h.id IS NOT NULL THEN 'PK'
               ELSE ''
             END
       ,字段类型 = Type_name(b.xusertype)
                + CASE 
                    WHEN b.colstat & 1 = 1 THEN '[ID('
                                                 + CONVERT(VARCHAR,Ident_seed(a.name))
                                                 + ','
                                                 + CONVERT(VARCHAR,Ident_incr(a.name))
                                                 + ')]'
                    ELSE ''
                  END
       ,长度 = b.length
       ,允许空 = CASE b.isnullable 
                WHEN 0 THEN 'N'
                ELSE 'Y'
              END
       ,默认值 = Isnull(e.TEXT,'')
       ,字段说明 = Isnull(c.VALUE,'')
FROM     sysobjects a
         INNER JOIN  sys.all_objects aa
           ON a.id=aa.object_id 
              AND  schema_name(schema_id)='dbo'
         ,syscolumns b
         LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.extended_properties c
           ON b.id = c.major_id
              AND b.colid = c.minor_id
         LEFT OUTER JOIN syscomments e
           ON b.cdefault = e.id
         LEFT OUTER JOIN (SELECT g.id
                                 ,g.colid
                          FROM   sysindexes f
                                 ,sysindexkeys g
                          WHERE  (f.id = g.id)
                                 AND (f.indid = g.indid)
                                 AND (f.indid > 0)
                                 AND (f.indid < 255)
                                 AND (f.status & 2048) <> 0) h
           ON (b.id = h.id)
              AND (b.colid = h.colid)
WHERE    (a.id = b.id)
         AND (a.id = Object_id('表名'))  --要查询的表改成你要查询表的名称
ORDER BY b.colid
/**************************************************************************************************************
b.
**************************************************************************************************************/
SELECT 表名 = CASE 
              WHEN a.colorder = 1 THEN d.name
              ELSE ''
            END
       ,表说明 = CASE 
                WHEN a.colorder = 1 THEN Isnull(f.VALUE,'')
                ELSE ''
              END
       ,字段序号 = a.colorder
       ,字段名 = a.name
       ,标识 = CASE 
               WHEN Columnproperty(a.id,a.name,'IsIdentity') = 1 THEN '√'
               ELSE ''
             END
       ,主键 = CASE 
               WHEN EXISTS (SELECT 1
                            FROM   sysobjects
                            WHERE  xtype = 'PK'
                                   AND name IN (SELECT name
                                                FROM   sysindexes
                                                WHERE  indid IN (SELECT indid
                                                                 FROM   sysindexkeys
                                                                 WHERE  id = a.id
                                                                        AND colid = a.colid))) THEN '√'
               ELSE ''
             END
       ,类型 = b.name
       ,字段长度 = a.length
       ,占用字节数 = Columnproperty(a.id,a.name,'PRECISION')
       ,小数位数 = Isnull(Columnproperty(a.id,a.name,'Scale'),0)
       ,允许空 = CASE 
                WHEN a.isnullable = 1 THEN '√'
                ELSE ''
              END
       ,默认值 = Isnull(e.TEXT,'')
       ,字段说明 = Isnull(g.[value],'')
FROM     syscolumns a
         LEFT JOIN systypes b
           ON a.xusertype = b.xusertype
         INNER JOIN sysobjects d
           ON (a.id = d.id)
              AND (d.xtype = 'U')
              AND (d.name <> 'dtproperties') 
          INNER JOIN  sys.all_objects c
            ON d.id=c.object_id 
                AND  schema_name(schema_id)='dbo'
         LEFT JOIN syscomments e
           ON a.cdefault = e.id
         LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties g
           ON (a.id = g.major_id)
              AND (a.colid = g.minor_id)
         LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties f
           ON (d.id = f.major_id)
              AND (f.minor_id = 0)
--where d.name='要查询的表'         --如果只查询指定表,加上此条件
ORDER BY a.id
         ,a.colorder
/***************************************************************************************************************
c. 前两种不完整~
****************************************************************************************************************/
--获取数据库中所有数据表
EXEC sp_tables 
--  获取数据表或列结构及描述信息
EXEC sp_columns '表名'

--2008新功能,获取数据表字段及描述信息
SELECT *
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE TABLE_NAME='表名'

--  获取数据表字段的说明信息

SELECT * FROM  ::fn_listextendedproperty(NULL, 'user', 'dbo', 'table', '表名', 'column', default) 
--    取得主索引
EXEC sp_pkeys 表名 
 


/**************************************************************************************************************
表及字段描述信息处理示例
**************************************************************************************************************/

--创建表
CREATE TABLE 表 (
  a1  VARCHAR(10)
  ,a2 CHAR(2))
--为表添加描述信息
EXECUTE Sp_addextendedproperty N'MS_Description' , '人员信息表' , N'user' , N'dbo' , N'table' , N'表' , NULL , NULL
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty 
@name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'人员信息表' , 
@level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', 
@level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'表'
 


--为字段a1添加描述信息
EXECUTE Sp_addextendedproperty N'MS_Description' , '姓名' , N'user' , N'dbo' , N'table' , N'表' , N'column' , N'a1'
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty 
@name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'人员信息表' , 
@level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', 
@level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'表', 
@level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'a1'

 


--为字段a2添加描述信息
EXECUTE Sp_addextendedproperty N'MS_Description' , '性别' , N'user' , N'dbo' , N'table' , N'表' , N'column' , N'a2'
--更新表中列a1的描述属性：
EXEC Sp_updateextendedproperty 'MS_Description' , '字段1' , 'user' , dbo , 'table' , '表' , 'column' , a1

--显示表的描述属性
SELECT *
FROM   ::fn_listextendedproperty(NULL,'user','dbo','table','表名',NULL,NULL)
--显示表列的描述属性
SELECT *
FROM   ::fn_listextendedproperty(NULL,'user','dbo','table','表','column',NULL)
--删除表中列a1的描述属性：
EXEC Sp_dropextendedproperty 'MS_Description' , 'user' , dbo , 'table' , '表' , 'column' , a1
--删除测试
DROP TABLE 表
 

--批量删除用户表
--1.删除外键约束
DECLARE c1 cursor for 
    select 'alter table ['+ object_name(parent_obj) + '] drop constraint ['+name+']; '
    from sysobjects 
    where xtype = 'F'
open c1
declare @c1 varchar(8000)
fetch next from c1 into @c1
while(@@fetch_status=0)
    begin 
        exec(@c1)
        fetch next from c1 into @c1
    end
close c1
deallocate c1 
--2.删除表
DECLARE c2 cursor for 
    select 'drop table ['+name +']; '
    from sysobjects 
    where xtype = 'u' 
open c2
declare @c2 varchar(8000)
fetch next from c2 into @c2
while(@@fetch_status=0)
    begin
        exec(@c2)
        fetch next from c2 into @c2
    end
close c2
deallocate c2
 
 
--批量清除表内容：
--1.禁用外键约束
DECLARE c1 cursor for 
    select 'alter table ['+ object_name(parent_obj) + '] nocheck constraint ['+name+']; '
    from sysobjects 
    where xtype = 'F'
open c1
declare @c1 varchar(8000)
fetch next from c1 into @c1
while(@@fetch_status=0)
    begin 
        exec(@c1)
        fetch next from c1 into @c1
    end
close c1
deallocate c1 
--2.清除表内容
DECLARE c2 cursor for 
    select 'truncate table ['+name +']; '
    from sysobjects 
    where xtype = 'u' 
open c2
declare @c2 varchar(8000)
fetch next from c2 into @c2
while(@@fetch_status=0)
    begin
        exec(@c2)
        fetch next from c2 into @c2
    end
close c2
deallocate c2
--3.启用外键约束
DECLARE c1 cursor for 
    select 'alter table ['+ object_name(parent_obj) + '] check constraint ['+name+']; '
    from sysobjects 
    where xtype = 'F'
open c1
declare @c1 varchar(8000)
fetch next from c1 into @c1
while(@@fetch_status=0)
    begin 
        exec(@c1)
        fetch next from c1 into @c1
    end
close c1


deallocate c1