nullnullConnecting with WiFi Direct 与WiFi直接连接

题记：写这篇博客要主是加深自己对nullnull的认识和总结实现算法时的一些验经和训教，如果有错误请指出，万分感谢。

    The Wi-Fi Direct™ APIs allow applications to connect to nearby devices without needing to connect to a network or hotspot. This allows your application to quickly find and interact with nearby devices, at a range beyond the capabilities of Bluetooth. http://blog.csdn.net/sergeycao

    This lesson shows you how to find and connect to nearby devices using Wi-Fi Direct.

    

Set Up Application Permissions

    In order to use Wi-Fi Direct, add the CHANGE_WIFI_STATE,ACCESS_WIFI_STATE, andINTERNET permissions to your manifest. Wi-Fi Direct doesn't require an internet connection, but it does use standard Java sockets, which require theINTERNET permission. So you need the following permissions to use Wi-Fi Direct.

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.android.nsdchat"
    ...

    <uses-permission
        android:required="true"
        android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE"/>
    <uses-permission
        android:required="true"
        android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE"/>
    <uses-permission
        android:required="true"
        android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
    ...

    

Set Up a Broadcast Receiver and Peer-to-Peer Manager

    To use Wi-Fi Direct, you need to listen for broadcast intents that tell your application when certain events have occurred. In your application, instantiate anIntentFilter and set it to listen for the following:

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WIFI_P2P_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION

Indicates whether Wi-Fi Peer-To-Peer (P2P) is enabled

WIFI_P2P_PEERS_CHANGED_ACTION

Indicates that the available peer list has changed.

WIFI_P2P_CONNECTION_CHANGED_ACTION

Indicates the state of Wi-Fi P2P connectivity has changed.

WIFI_P2P_THIS_DEVICE_CHANGED_ACTION

Indicates this device's configuration details have changed.

private final IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
...
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.main);

    //  Indicates a change in the Wi-Fi Peer-to-Peer status.
    intentFilter.addAction(WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION);

    // Indicates a change in the list of available peers.
    intentFilter.addAction(WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_PEERS_CHANGED_ACTION);

    // Indicates the state of Wi-Fi P2P connectivity has changed.
    intentFilter.addAction(WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_CONNECTION_CHANGED_ACTION);

    // Indicates this device's details have changed.
    intentFilter.addAction(WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_THIS_DEVICE_CHANGED_ACTION);

    ...
}

At the end of the onCreate() method, get an instance of theWifiP2pManager, and call itsinitialize() method. This method returns aWifiP2pManager.Channel object, which you'll use later to connect your app to the Wi-Fi Direct Framework.

@Override

Channel mChannel;

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    ....
    mManager = (WifiP2pManager) getSystemService(Context.WIFI_P2P_SERVICE);
    mChannel = mManager.initialize(this, getMainLooper(), null);
}

Now create a new BroadcastReceiver class that you'll use to listen for changes to the System's Wi-Fi P2P state. In theonReceive() method, add a condition to handle each P2P state change listed above.

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        String action = intent.getAction();
        if (WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION.equals(action)) {
            // Determine if Wifi Direct mode is enabled or not, alert
            // the Activity.
            int state = intent.getIntExtra(WifiP2pManager.EXTRA_WIFI_STATE, -1);
            if (state == WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_STATE_ENABLED) {
                activity.setIsWifiP2pEnabled(true);
            } else {
                activity.setIsWifiP2pEnabled(false);
            }
        } else if (WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_PEERS_CHANGED_ACTION.equals(action)) {

            // The peer list has changed!  We should probably do something about
            // that.

        } else if (WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_CONNECTION_CHANGED_ACTION.equals(action)) {

            // Connection state changed!  We should probably do something about
            // that.

        } else if (WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_THIS_DEVICE_CHANGED_ACTION.equals(action)) {
            DeviceListFragment fragment = (DeviceListFragment) activity.getFragmentManager()
                    .findFragmentById(R.id.frag_list);
            fragment.updateThisDevice((WifiP2pDevice) intent.getParcelableExtra(
                    WifiP2pManager.EXTRA_WIFI_P2P_DEVICE));

        }
    }

Finally, add code to register the intent filter and broadcast receiver when your main activity is active, and unregister them when the activity is paused. The best place to do this is theonResume() andonPause() methods.

    /** register the BroadcastReceiver with the intent values to be matched */
    @Override
    public void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        receiver = new WiFiDirectBroadcastReceiver(mManager, mChannel, this);
        registerReceiver(receiver, intentFilter);
    }

    @Override
    public void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        unregisterReceiver(receiver);
    }

Initiate Peer Discovery

To start searching for nearby devices with Wi-Fi Direct, call discoverPeers(). This method takes the following arguments:

• The WifiP2pManager.Channel you received back when you initialized the peer-to-peer mManager
• An implementation of WifiP2pManager.ActionListener with methods the system invokes for successful and unsuccessful discovery.

mManager.discoverPeers(mChannel, new WifiP2pManager.ActionListener() {

        @Override
        public void onSuccess() {
            // Code for when the discovery initiation is successful goes here.
            // No services have actually been discovered yet, so this method
            // can often be left blank.  Code for peer discovery goes in the
            // onReceive method, detailed below.
        }

        @Override
        public void onFailure(int reasonCode) {
            // Code for when the discovery initiation fails goes here.
            // Alert the user that something went wrong.
        }
});

Keep in mind that this only initiates peer discovery. The discoverPeers() method starts the discovery process and then immediately returns. The system notifies you if the peer discovery process is successfully initiated by calling methods in the provided action listener. Also, discovery will remain active until a connection is initiated or a P2P group is formed.

Fetch the List of Peers

Now write the code that fetches and processes the list of peers. First implement theWifiP2pManager.PeerListListener interface, which provides information about the peers that Wi-Fi Direct has detected. The following code snippet illustrates this.

    private List
    
      peers = new ArrayList
     
      ();
    ...

    private PeerListListener peerListListener = new PeerListListener() {
        @Override
        public void onPeersAvailable(WifiP2pDeviceList peerList) {

            // Out with the old, in with the new.
            peers.clear();
            peers.addAll(peerList.getDeviceList());

            // If an AdapterView is backed by this data, notify it
            // of the change.  For instance, if you have a ListView of available
            // peers, trigger an update.
            ((WiFiPeerListAdapter) getListAdapter()).notifyDataSetChanged();
            if (peers.size() == 0) {
                Log.d(WiFiDirectActivity.TAG, "No devices found");
                return;
            }
        }
    }

     
    

Now modify your broadcast receiver's onReceive() method to callrequestPeers() when an intent with the actionWIFI_P2P_PEERS_CHANGED_ACTION is received. You need to pass this listener into the receiver somehow. One way is to send it as an argument to the broadcast receiver's constructor.

public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
    ...
    else if (WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_PEERS_CHANGED_ACTION.equals(action)) {

        // Request available peers from the wifi p2p manager. This is an
        // asynchronous call and the calling activity is notified with a
        // callback on PeerListListener.onPeersAvailable()
        if (mManager != null) {
            mManager.requestPeers(mChannel, peerListener);
        }
        Log.d(WiFiDirectActivity.TAG, "P2P peers changed");
    }...
}

Now, an intent with the action WIFI_P2P_PEERS_CHANGED_ACTION intent will trigger a request for an updated peer list.

Connect to a Peer

In order to connect to a peer, create a new WifiP2pConfig object, and copy data into it from theWifiP2pDevice representing the device you want to connect to. Then call theconnect() method.

    @Override
    public void connect() {
        // Picking the first device found on the network.
        WifiP2pDevice device = peers.get(0);

        WifiP2pConfig config = new WifiP2pConfig();
        config.deviceAddress = device.deviceAddress;
        config.wps.setup = WpsInfo.PBC;

        mManager.connect(mChannel, config, new ActionListener() {

            @Override
            public void onSuccess() {
                // WiFiDirectBroadcastReceiver will notify us. Ignore for now.
            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(int reason) {
                Toast.makeText(WiFiDirectActivity.this, "Connect failed. Retry.",
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
    }

The WifiP2pManager.ActionListener implemented in this snippet only notifies you when theinitiation succeeds or fails. To listen forchanges in connection state, implement theWifiP2pManager.ConnectionInfoListener interface. ItsonConnectionInfoAvailable() callback will notify you when the state of the connection changes. In cases where multiple devices are going to be connected to a single device (like a game with 3 or more players, or a chat app), one device will be designated the "group owner".

    @Override
    public void onConnectionInfoAvailable(final WifiP2pInfo info) {

        // InetAddress from WifiP2pInfo struct.
        InetAddress groupOwnerAddress = info.groupOwnerAddress.getHostAddress());

        // After the group negotiation, we can determine the group owner.
        if (info.groupFormed && info.isGroupOwner) {
            // Do whatever tasks are specific to the group owner.
            // One common case is creating a server thread and accepting
            // incoming connections.
        } else if (info.groupFormed) {
            // The other device acts as the client. In this case,
            // you'll want to create a client thread that connects to the group
            // owner.
        }
    }

Now go back to the onReceive() method of the broadcast receiver, and modify the section that listens for aWIFI_P2P_CONNECTION_CHANGED_ACTION intent. When this intent is received, callrequestConnectionInfo(). This is an asynchronous call, so results will be received by the connection info listener you provide as a parameter.

        ...
        } else if (WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_CONNECTION_CHANGED_ACTION.equals(action)) {

            if (mManager == null) {
                return;
            }

            NetworkInfo networkInfo = (NetworkInfo) intent
                    .getParcelableExtra(WifiP2pManager.EXTRA_NETWORK_INFO);

            if (networkInfo.isConnected()) {

                // We are connected with the other device, request connection
                // info to find group owner IP

                mManager.requestConnectionInfo(mChannel, connectionListener);
            }
            ...

文章结束给大家分享下程序员的一些笑话语录： 关于编程语言
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