前后端分离项目学习笔记

该项目为一个基于Springboot+vue实现前后端分离的图书管理项目。

1.首先新建一个springboottest工程，负责完成后端的业务逻辑操作，不需要写页面。

1）先定义实体类Book,然后定义一个数据库层的接口BookRepository，该接口继承了JpaRepository，spring data jpa 默认预先生成了一些基本的CURD的方法，例如：增、删、改等等。最后定义控制层BookHandler，负责和前端页面交互（接收前端增删改查请求）。配置类中CroConfig负责解决跨域问题。代码写好后在idea中启动该项目，随后开始写前端代码。

 其中BookHandler代码如下：

package com.southwind.springboottest.controller;

import com.southwind.springboottest.entity.Book;
import com.southwind.springboottest.repository.BookRepository;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookHandler {
    @Autowired
    private BookRepository bookRepository;

    @GetMapping("/findAll/{page}/{size}")
    public Page<Book> findAll(@PathVariable("page") Integer page, @PathVariable("size") Integer size){
        PageRequest request = PageRequest.of(page,size);
        return bookRepository.findAll(request);
    }

    @PostMapping("/save")
    public String save(@RequestBody Book book){
        Book result = bookRepository.save(book);
        if(result != null){
            return "success";
        }else{
            return "error";
        }
    }

    @GetMapping("/findById/{id}")
    public Book findById(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        return bookRepository.findById(id).get();
    }

    @PutMapping("/update")
    public String update(@RequestBody Book book){
        Book result = bookRepository.save(book);
        if(result != null){
            return "success";
        }else{
            return "error";
        }
    }

    @DeleteMapping("/deleteById/{id}")
    public void deleteById(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        bookRepository.deleteById(id);
    }
}

2.前端部分

首先安装nodejs和vue。

cmd窗口输入vue ui 命令以图形化界面创建和管理项目,输入http://localhost:8000/project/select创建一个Vue项目。创建完后在idea中打开该项目进行开发。

 在idea中打开该vue项目，通过router目录下index.js编写页面路由routes。如下图所示：

 router/index.js如下：

import Vue from 'vue'
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
import BookManage from '../views/BookManage'
import AddBook from '../views/AddBook'
import Index from '../views/Index'
import BookUpdate from '../views/BookUpdate'

Vue.use(VueRouter)

const routes = [
  {
    path:"/",
    name:"图书管理",
    component:Index,
    show:true,
    redirect:"/BookManage",
    children:[
      {
        path:"/BookManage",
        name:"查询图书",
        component:BookManage
      },
      {
        path:"/AddBook",
        name:"添加图书",
        component:AddBook
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    path:'/update',
    component:BookUpdate,
    show:false
  }
]

const router = new VueRouter({
  mode: 'history',
  base: process.env.BASE_URL,
  routes
})

export default router

配置好路由后，编写前端页面：

BookManage.vue

<template>
    <div>
        <el-table
                :data="tableData"
                border
                style=" 70%">
            <el-table-column
                    fixed
                    prop="id"
                    label="编号"
                    width="150">
            </el-table-column>
            <el-table-column
                    prop="name"
                    label="图书名"
                    width="120">
            </el-table-column>
            <el-table-column
                    prop="author"
                    label="作者"
                    width="120">
            </el-table-column>
            <el-table-column
                    fixed="right"
                    label="操作"
                    width="100">
                <template slot-scope="scope">
                    <el-button @click="edit(scope.row)" type="text" size="small">修改</el-button>
                    <el-button @click="deleteBook(scope.row)" type="text" size="small">删除</el-button>
                </template>
            </el-table-column>
        </el-table>

        <el-pagination
                background
                layout="prev, pager, next"
                :page-size="pageSize"
                :total="total"
                @current-change="page">
        </el-pagination>
    </div>
</template>

<script>
    export default {
        methods: {
            deleteBook(row){
                const _this = this
                axios.delete('http://localhost:8181/book/deleteById/'+row.id).then(function(resp){
                    _this.$alert('《'+row.name+'》删除成功！', '消息', {
                        confirmButtonText: '确定',
                        callback: action => {
                            window.location.reload()
                        }
                    })
                })
            },
            edit(row) {
                this.$router.push({
                    path: '/update',
                    query:{
                        id:row.id
                    }
                })
            },
            page(currentPage){
                const _this = this
                axios.get('http://localhost:8181/book/findAll/'+(currentPage-1)+'/6').then(function(resp){
                    console.log(resp)
                    _this.tableData = resp.data.content
                    _this.pageSize = resp.data.size
                    _this.total = resp.data.totalElements
                })
            }
        },

        data() {
            return {
                pageSize:'1',
                total:'11',
                tableData: [{
                    id: 1,
                    name: '解忧杂货店',
                    author: '东野圭吾'
                }, {
                    id: 2,
                    name: '追风筝的人',
                    author: '卡勒德·胡赛尼'
                }, {
                    id: 3,
                    name: '人间失格',
                    author: '太宰治'
                }]
            }
        },

        created() {
            const _this = this
            axios.get('http://localhost:8181/book/findAll/0/6').then(function(resp){
                console.log(resp)
                _this.tableData = resp.data.content
                _this.pageSize = resp.data.size
                _this.total = resp.data.totalElements
            })
        }
    }
</script>

AddBook.vue：

<template>
    <el-form style=" 60%" :model="ruleForm" :rules="rules" ref="ruleForm" label-width="100px" class="demo-ruleForm">

        <el-form-item label="图书名称" prop="name">
            <el-input v-model="ruleForm.name"></el-input>
        </el-form-item>

        <el-form-item label="作者" prop="author">
            <el-input v-model="ruleForm.author"></el-input>
        </el-form-item>

        <el-form-item>
            <el-button type="primary" @click="submitForm('ruleForm')">提交</el-button>
            <el-button @click="resetForm('ruleForm')">重置</el-button>
        </el-form-item>

    </el-form>
</template>

<script>
    export default {
        data() {
            return {
                ruleForm: {
                    name: '',
                    author: ''
                },
                rules: {
                    name: [
                        { required: true, message: '图书名称不能为空', trigger: 'blur' }
                    ],
                    author:[
                        { required: true, message: '作者不能为空', trigger: 'blur' }
                    ]
                }
            };
        },
        methods: {
            submitForm(formName) {
                const _this = this
                this.$refs[formName].validate((valid) => {
                    if (valid) {
                        axios.post('http://localhost:8181/book/save',this.ruleForm).then(function(resp){
                            if(resp.data == 'success'){
                                _this.$alert('《'+_this.ruleForm.name+'》添加成功！', '消息', {
                                    confirmButtonText: '确定',
                                    callback: action => {
                                        _this.$router.push('/BookManage')
                                    }
                                })
                            }
                        })
                    } else {
                        return false;
                    }
                });
            },
            resetForm(formName) {
                this.$refs[formName].resetFields();
            }
        }
    }
</script>

BookUpdate.vue

<template>
    <el-form style=" 60%" :model="ruleForm" :rules="rules" ref="ruleForm" label-width="100px" class="demo-ruleForm">

        <el-form-item label="图书编号">
            <el-input v-model="ruleForm.id" readOnly></el-input>
        </el-form-item>

        <el-form-item label="图书名称" prop="name">
            <el-input v-model="ruleForm.name"></el-input>
        </el-form-item>

        <el-form-item label="作者" prop="author">
            <el-input v-model="ruleForm.author"></el-input>
        </el-form-item>

        <el-form-item>
            <el-button type="primary" @click="submitForm('ruleForm')">修改</el-button>
            <el-button @click="resetForm('ruleForm')">重置</el-button>
        </el-form-item>

    </el-form>
</template>

<script>
    export default {
        data() {
            return {
                ruleForm: {
                    id: '',
                    name: '',
                    author: ''
                },
                rules: {
                    name: [
                        { required: true, message: '图书名称不能为空', trigger: 'blur' }
                    ],
                    author:[
                        { required: true, message: '作者不能为空', trigger: 'blur' }
                    ]
                }
            };
        },
        methods: {
            submitForm(formName) {
                const _this = this
                this.$refs[formName].validate((valid) => {
                    if (valid) {
                        axios.put('http://localhost:8181/book/update',this.ruleForm).then(function(resp){
                            if(resp.data == 'success'){
                                _this.$alert('《'+_this.ruleForm.name+'》修改成功！', '消息', {
                                    confirmButtonText: '确定',
                                    callback: action => {
                                        _this.$router.push('/BookManage')
                                    }
                                })
                            }
                        })
                    } else {
                        return false;
                    }
                });
            },
            resetForm(formName) {
                this.$refs[formName].resetFields();
            }
        },
        created() {
            const _this = this
            axios.get('http://localhost:8181/book/findById/'+this.$route.query.id).then(function(resp){
                _this.ruleForm = resp.data
            })
        }
    }
</script>

至此前端页面写完，然后在终端Terminal输入npm run serve 运行该vue项目，点击http://localhost:8080/页面如下所示：（注意后端中为避免端口号冲突改成了8181，前端是8080）

mysql数据库: