创建逻辑卷：
#用sdb1和sdd组合创建逻辑卷：
[root@localhost ~]#lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 200G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
├─sda2 8:2 0 100G 0 part /
├─sda3 8:3 0 50G 0 part /data
├─sda4 8:4 0 1K 0 part
└─sda5 8:5 0 4G 0 part [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 20G 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 0 8G 0 part
sdc 8:32 0 30G 0 disk
sdd 8:48 0 2G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 6.7G 0 rom /run/media/root/CentOS-8-BaseOS-x86_64
1.在新的硬盘创建主分区
[root@localhost ~]#fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.32.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x5b571c7b.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048):
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-41943039, default 41943039): +8G
Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 8 GiB.
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
2.修改新建分区类型：改正8eLVM逻辑卷管理器
[root@localhost ~]#fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.32.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list all codes): l
0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
1 FAT12 27 Hidden NTFS Win 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 hidden or c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data
6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility
8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad hi ea Rufus alignment
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD eb BeOS fs
f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ee GPT
10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f1 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin boot f4 SpeedStor
16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ f2 DOS secondary
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fb VMware VMFS
18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fc VMware VMKCORE
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fd Linux raid auto
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX bc Acronis FAT32 L fe LANstep
1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix be Solaris boot ff BBT
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 20 GiB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x5b571c7b
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1 2048 16779263 16777216 8G 8e Linux LVM
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Syncing disks.
3.查询修改结果：
[root@localhost ~]#fdisk -l /dev/sdb
Disk /dev/sdb: 20 GiB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x5b571c7b
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1 2048 16779263 16777216 8G 8e Linux LVM
4.查询当前是否有物理卷（2个命令皆可查）：
[root@localhost ~]#pvs
[root@localhost ~]#pvdisplay
5.创建物理卷：
[root@localhost ~]#pvcreate /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdd
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sdd" successfully created.
6.查询创建结果
[root@localhost ~]#pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdb1 lvm2 --- 8.00g 8.00g
/dev/sdd lvm2 --- 2.00g 2.00g
7.查询逻辑卷组
[root@localhost ~]#vgs
8.创建逻辑卷组：设置PE大小，命名，物理卷组合（成员）
[root@localhost ~]#vgcreate -s 16M vg0 /dev/sd{b1,d}
Volume group "vg0" successfully created
9.查询创建结果
[root@localhost ~]#pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdb1 vg0 lvm2 a-- 7.98g 7.98g
/dev/sdd vg0 lvm2 a-- 1.98g 1.98g
10.卷组信息
[root@localhost ~]#pvdisplay
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb1
VG Name vg0
PV Size 8.00 GiB / not usable 16.00 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 16.00 MiB
Total PE 511
Free PE 511
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID BdyFU4-vdBF-Dnnl-5HN9-69xe-LPwt-9I30Yj
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdd
VG Name vg0
PV Size 2.00 GiB / not usable 16.00 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 16.00 MiB
Total PE 127
Free PE 127
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID e798Og-LfUf-tFp4-nRhW-8nzf-snLV-OY0fRJ
11.创建逻辑卷，命名，大小（不能超过物理卷总容量），那个卷组，
[root@localhost ~]#lvcreate -n mysql -L 9G vg0
Logical volume "mysql" created.
[root@localhost ~]#lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 200G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
├─sda2 8:2 0 100G 0 part /
├─sda3 8:3 0 50G 0 part /data
├─sda4 8:4 0 1K 0 part
└─sda5 8:5 0 4G 0 part [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 20G 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 0 8G 0 part
└─vg0-mysql 253:0 0 9G 0 lvm
sdc 8:32 0 30G 0 disk
sdd 8:48 0 2G 0 disk
└─vg0-mysql 253:0 0 9G 0 lvm
sr0 11:0 1 6.7G 0 rom /run/media/root/CentOS-8-BaseOS-x86_64
12.查询逻辑卷组信息
[root@localhost ~]#lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
mysql vg0 -wi-a----- 9.00g
13.创建文件系统：
[root@localhost ~]#mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg0/mysql
mke2fs 1.44.3 (10-July-2018)
Creating filesystem with 2359296 4k blocks and 589824 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 8ea3d17f-a1ff-4ba2-9175-84fc53d37739
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (16384 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
[root@localhost ~]#blkid
/dev/sda1: UUID="70654bd2-8b84-4718-86da-a46fc5534b4b" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="9a414237-01"
/dev/sda2: UUID="df86e679-8d53-41a5-bd87-81d2b39fca58" TYPE="xfs" PARTUUID="9a414237-02"
/dev/sda3: UUID="e734b75b-ce88-4daf-821f-7863e3b91e48" TYPE="xfs" PARTUUID="9a414237-03"
/dev/sda5: UUID="039fbe3a-117b-4998-9d95-cfba038fe9f2" TYPE="swap" PARTUUID="9a414237-05"
/dev/sr0: UUID="2019-08-15-21-52-52-00" LABEL="CentOS-8-BaseOS-x86_64" TYPE="iso9660" PTUUID="3e04f576" PTTYPE="dos"
/dev/sdb1: UUID="BdyFU4-vdBF-Dnnl-5HN9-69xe-LPwt-9I30Yj" TYPE="LVM2_member" PARTUUID="5b571c7b-01"
/dev/sdd: UUID="e798Og-LfUf-tFp4-nRhW-8nzf-snLV-OY0fRJ" TYPE="LVM2_member"
/dev/mapper/vg0-mysql: UUID="8ea3d17f-a1ff-4ba2-9175-84fc53d37739" TYPE="ext4"
挂载逻辑卷
[root@localhost ~]#vim /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Sun Oct 6 00:18:58 2019
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.
#
# After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
# units generated from this file.
#
UUID=df86e679-8d53-41a5-bd87-81d2b39fca58 / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=70654bd2-8b84-4718-86da-a46fc5534b4b /boot ext4 defaults 1 2
UUID=e734b75b-ce88-4daf-821f-7863e3b91e48 /data xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=039fbe3a-117b-4998-9d95-cfba038fe9f2 swap swap defaults 0 0
UUID=8ea3d17f-a1ff-4ba2-9175-84fc53d37739 /mnt/mysql ext4 defaults 0 0
更新挂载：
[root@localhost mnt]#mount -a
查询挂载结果：
[root@localhost mnt]#df -T
Filesystem Type 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs devtmpfs 992140 0 992140 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 1006652 0 1006652 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 1006652 9816 996836 1% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 1006652 0 1006652 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda2 xfs 104806400 4670984 100135416 5% /
/dev/sda3 xfs 52403200 398576 52004624 1% /data
/dev/sda1 ext4 999320 115952 814556 13% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 201328 28 201300 1% /run/user/42
tmpfs tmpfs 201328 2348 198980 2% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0 iso9660 6967726 6967726 0 100% /run/media/root/CentOS-8-BaseOS-x86_64
/dev/mapper/vg0-mysql ext4 9223508 36888 8698380 1% /mnt/mysql
扩展逻辑卷（ext4分区格式）：
查看逻辑卷剩余空间（Free PE/Szie）：
[root@localhost ~]#vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vg0
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 2
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size <9.97 GiB
PE Size 16.00 MiB
Total PE 638
Alloc PE / Size 576 / 9.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 62 / 992.00 MiB
VG UUID daKx15-jO4l-DkhK-Dwo5-UHGe-EkYo-EpPJgA
添加逻辑卷：
[root@localhost ~]#lvextend -l +100%free /dev/vg0/mysql
Size of logical volume vg0/mysql changed from 9.00 GiB (576 extents) to <9.97 GiB (638 extents).
Logical volume vg0/mysql successfully resized.
[root@localhost ~]#lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
mysql vg0 -wi-ao---- <9.97g
同步新增空间与原始空间的文件系统（ext4）：
[root@localhost ~]#resize2fs /dev/vg0/mysql
resize2fs 1.44.3 (10-July-2018)
Filesystem at /dev/vg0/mysql is mounted on /mnt/mysql; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 2, new_desc_blocks = 2
The filesystem on /dev/vg0/mysql is now 2613248 (4k) blocks long.
同步新增空间与原始空间的文件系统（xfs）：
[root@localhost ~]#xfs_growfs /mnt/binlog/
meta-data=/dev/mapper/vg0-binlog isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=983040 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=1, sparse=1, rmapbt=0
= reflink=1
data = bsize=4096 blocks=3932160, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0, ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 3932160 to 4341760
硬盘分区ext4/xfs文件系统扩展(一步到位)：
[root@localhost ~]#lvextend -L +1G -r /dev/vg0/mysql
Size of logical volume vg0/mysql changed from <9.97 GiB (638 extents) to <10.97 GiB (702 extents).
Logical volume vg0/mysql successfully resized.
resize2fs 1.44.3 (10-July-2018)
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/vg0-mysql is mounted on /mnt/mysql; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 2, new_desc_blocks = 2
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg0-mysql is now 2875392 (4k) blocks long.
缩减逻辑卷（不能超过逻辑卷已存文件大小）：
取消挂载前，确保挂载分区无用户登录（相关查询命令）：
[root@localhost ~]#fuser -v /mnt/sdb1
USER PID ACCESS COMMAND
/mnt/sdb1: root kernel mount /mnt/sdb1
或：[root@localhost ~]#lsof /mnt/sdb1
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
bash 3130 admin cwd DIR 8,17 21 128 /mnt/sdb1
踢出所有在使用该挂载点的用户：
1.[root@localhost ~]#fuser -km /mnt/sdb1
/mnt/sdb1: 3130c
2.[root@localhost ~]#findmnt /mnt/sdb1
TARGET SOURCE FSTYPE OPTIONS
/mnt/sdb1 /dev/sdb1 ext4 ro,relatime,seclabel
取消挂载的分区ext：
umount /mnt/mysql
修复：
fsck -f /dev/vg0/mysql
缩减文件系统：
resize2fs /dev/vg0/mysql 6G
缩减分区空间：
lvreduce -L 6G /dev/vg0/mysql
重新挂载分区：
mount /dev/vg0/mysql /mnt/mysql
删除LV中硬盘：
搬出sdd内已用PE
pvmove /dev/sdd
删除逻辑卷
vgreduce vg0 /dev/sdd
移除硬盘
pvremove /dev/sdd