python xml解析和生成

解析使用xml.etree.ElementTree 模块，生成使用xml.dom.minidom模块，  ElementTree比dom快，dom生成简单且会自动格式化。

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<baspools>
        <bas>
                <basprovider>0</basprovider>
                <portal_version>1</portal_version>
                <timeout>111</timeout>
                <retry>111</retry>
                <auth_type>111</auth_type>
        </bas>
        <bas>
                <basprovider>0</basprovider>
                <portal_version>1</portal_version>
                <timeout>5000</timeout>
                <retry>3</retry>
                <auth_type>0</auth_type>
        </bas>
</baspools>

解析为dict：

{0: {'retry': '111', 'auth_type': '111', 'portal_version': '1', 'timeout': '111', 'basprovider': '0'}, 1: {'retry': '3', 'auth_type': '0', 'portal_version': '1', 'timeout': '5000', 'basprovider': '0'}}

将上述字典再还原xml


执行代码：

# coding = 'utf-8'
import time
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
import xml.dom.minidom as minidom
start = time.clock()  # 记录处理开始时间；与最后一行一起使用，来判断输出运行时间。

def read_xml(in_path):
    """读取并解析xml文件
       in_path: xml路径
       return: tree"""
    tree = ET.parse(in_path)
    return tree

def creat_dict(root):
    """xml生成为dict：，
    将tree中个节点添加到list中，将list转换为字典dict_init
    叠加生成多层字典dict_new"""
    dict_new = {}
    for key, valu in enumerate(root):
        dict_init = {}
        list_init = []
        for item in valu:
            list_init.append([item.tag, item.text])
            for lists in list_init:
                dict_init[lists[0]] = lists[1]
        dict_new[key] = dict_init
    return dict_new

def dict_to_xml(input_dict, root_tag, node_tag):
    """ 定义根节点root_tag，定义第二层节点node_tag
    第三层中将字典中键值对对应参数名和值
       return: xml的tree结构 """
    root_name = ET.Element(root_tag)
    for (k, v) in input_dict.items():
        node_name = ET.SubElement(root_name, node_tag)
        for key, val in v.items():
            key = ET.SubElement(node_name, key)
            key.text = val
    return root_name

def out_xml(root):
    """格式化root转换为xml文件"""
    rough_string = ET.tostring(root, 'utf-8')
    reared_content = minidom.parseString(rough_string)
    with open(out_file, 'w+') as fs:
        reared_content.writexml(fs, addindent=" ", newl="
", encoding="utf-8")
    return True

if __name__ == '__main__':
    in_files = r"D:aspool_read.xml"
    out_file = r"D:aspool_out.xml"
    tree = read_xml(in_files)
    node_new = creat_dict(tree.getroot())  # 将xml转换为dict
    root = dict_to_xml(node_new, "baspools", "bas")  # 将dict转换为xml
    out_xml(root)     # 输出xml到out_files
end = time.clock()
print("read: %f s" % (end - start))

解决 字典无顺序导致生成的xml文件参数位置不固定，对dict_to_xml()函数进行修正：

def dict_to_xml(input_dict,root_tag,node_tag):
    """ 定义根节点root_tag，定义第二层节点node_tag
    第三层中将字典中键值对对应参数名和值
       return: xml的tree结构 """
    root_name = ET.Element(root_tag)
    for (k, v) in input_dict.items():
        node_name = ET.SubElement(root_name, node_tag)
        for (key, val) in sorted(v.items(), key=lambda e:e[0], reverse=True):
            key = ET.SubElement(node_name, key)
            key.text = val
    return root_name