openCV3 Python编译指南

这里主要对openCV官网的《Installation in Linux》文档进行了翻译和解释

原文见：https://docs.opencv.org/3.4.1/doc/tutorials/introduction/linux_install/linux_install.html#linux-installation

Required Packages（需求包）

• GCC 4.4.x or later
• CMake 2.6 or higher
• Git
• GTK+2.x or higher, including headers (libgtk2.0-dev)
• pkg-config
• Python 2.6 or later and Numpy 1.5 or later with developer packages (python-dev, python-numpy)
• ffmpeg or libav development packages: libavcodec-dev, libavformat-dev, libswscale-dev
• [optional] libtbb2 libtbb-dev
• [optional] libdc1394 2.x
• [optional] libjpeg-dev, libpng-dev, libtiff-dev, libjasper-dev, libdc1394-22-dev

需要的命令，官网也提供了：

[compiler] sudo apt-get install build-essential
[required] sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
[optional] sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev

第一行是编译器，第二行是必须包，第三号是可选的

第二步是下载源码，包括GIT和.zip包下载，zip源码链接为：http://github.com/opencv/opencv

解压后，切换到源码目录

新建build目录

mkdir build
cd ./build

使用cmake生成Makefile文件

#如果要支持Python3接口的话，就PYTHON_DEFAULT_EXECUTABLE=$(which python3)，否则可以不写这个
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D PYTHON_DEFAULT_EXECUTABLE=$(which python3) CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..

然后就是make和make install

make -j8
sudo make install

安装后的测试，请见下一节