Java Calendar使用总结

Java Calendar 类时间操作，这也许是创建和管理日历最简单的一个方案，示范代码很简单。

演示了获取时间，日期时间的累加和累减，以及比较。



原文地址：blog.csdn.NET/joyous/article/details/9630893



注意事项：

Calendar 的 month 从 0 开始，也就是全年 12 个月由 0 ~ 11 进行表示。

而 Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK 定义和值如下：

Calendar.SUNDAY = 1
Calendar.MONDAY = 2
Calendar.TUESDAY = 3
Calendar.WEDNESDAY = 4
Calendar.THURSDAY = 5
Calendar.FRIDAY = 6
Calendar.SATURDAY = 7



SimpleDateFormat 的格式定义


Letter
Date or Time Component
Presentation
Examples
G
Era designator
Text
AD
y
Year
Year
1996; 96
Y
Week year
Year
2009; 09
M
Month in year (context sensitive)
Month
July; Jul; 07
L
Month in year (standalone form)
Month
July; Jul; 07
w
Week in year
Number
27
W
Week in month
Number
2
D
Day in year
Number
189
d
Day in month
Number
10
F
Day of week in month
Number
2
E
Day name in week
Text
Tuesday; Tue
u
Day number of week (1 = Monday, ..., 7 = Sunday)
Number
1
a
Am/pm marker
Text
PM
H
Hour in day (0-23)
Number
0
k
Hour in day (1-24)
Number
24
K
Hour in am/pm (0-11)
Number
0
h
Hour in am/pm (1-12)
Number
12
m
Minute in hour
Number
30
s
Second in minute
Number
55
S
Millisecond
Number
978
z
Time zone
General time zone
Pacific Standard Time; PST; GMT-08:00
Z
Time zone
RFC 822 time zone
-0800
X
Time zone
ISO 8601 time zone
-08; -0800; -08:00







Java Calendar 演示代码如下：


package demo;

import java.util.Date;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.util.Calendar;

public class Test
{
  public Test()
  {
  }

  public static void main(String[] args)
  {
    // 字符串转换日期格式
    // DateFormat fmtDateTime = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
    // 接收传入参数
    // String strDate = args[1];
    // 得到日期格式对象
    // Date date = fmtDateTime.parse(strDate);

    // 完整显示今天日期时间
    String str = (new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS")).format(new Date());
    System.out.println(str);

    // 创建 Calendar 对象
    Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();

    try
    {
      // 对 calendar 设置时间的方法
      // 设置传入的时间格式
      SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-M-d H:m:s");
      // 指定一个日期
      Date date = dateFormat.parse("2013-6-1 13:24:16");
      // 对 calendar 设置为 date 所定的日期
      calendar.setTime(date);

      // 按特定格式显示刚设置的时间
      str = (new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS")).format(calendar.getTime());
      System.out.println(str);
    }
    catch (ParseException e)
    {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }

    // 或者另一種設置 calendar 方式
    // 分別爲 year, month, date, hourOfDay, minute, second
    calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
    calendar.set(2013, 1, 2, 17, 35, 44);
    str = (new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS")).format(calendar.getTime());
    System.out.println(str);

    // Calendar 取得当前时间的方法
    // 初始化 (重置) Calendar 对象
    calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
    // 或者用 Date 来初始化 Calendar 对象
    calendar.setTime(new Date());

    // setTime 类似上面一行
    // Date date = new Date();
    // calendar.setTime(date);

    str = (new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS")).format(calendar.getTime());
    System.out.println(str);

    // 显示年份
    int year = calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR);
    System.out.println("year is = " + String.valueOf(year));

    // 显示月份 (从0开始, 实际显示要加一)
    int month = calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH);
    System.out.println("nth is = " + (month + 1));

    // 本周几
    int week = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK);
    System.out.println("week is = " + week);

    // 今年的第 N 天
    int DAY_OF_YEAR = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);
    System.out.println("DAY_OF_YEAR is = " + DAY_OF_YEAR);

    // 本月第 N 天
    int DAY_OF_MONTH = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
    System.out.println("DAY_OF_MONTH = " + String.valueOf(DAY_OF_MONTH));

    // 3小时以后
    calendar.add(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 3);
    int HOUR_OF_DAY = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);
    System.out.println("HOUR_OF_DAY + 3 = " + HOUR_OF_DAY);

    // 当前分钟数
    int MINUTE = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
    System.out.println("MINUTE = " + MINUTE);

    // 15 分钟以后
    calendar.add(Calendar.MINUTE, 15);
    MINUTE = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
    System.out.println("MINUTE + 15 = " + MINUTE);

    // 30分钟前
    calendar.add(Calendar.MINUTE, -30);
    MINUTE = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
    System.out.println("MINUTE - 30 = " + MINUTE);

    // 格式化显示
    str = (new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SS")).format(calendar.getTime());
    System.out.println(str);

    // 重置 Calendar 显示当前时间
    calendar.setTime(new Date());
    str = (new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SS")).format(calendar.getTime());
    System.out.println(str);

    // 创建一个 Calendar 用于比较时间
    Calendar calendarNew = Calendar.getInstance();

    // 设定为 5 小时以前，后者大，显示 -1
    calendarNew.add(Calendar.HOUR, -5);
    System.out.println("时间比较：" + calendarNew.compareTo(calendar));

    // 设定7小时以后，前者大，显示 1
    calendarNew.add(Calendar.HOUR, +7);
    System.out.println("时间比较：" + calendarNew.compareTo(calendar));

    // 退回 2 小时，时间相同，显示 0
    calendarNew.add(Calendar.HOUR, -2);
    System.out.println("时间比较：" + calendarNew.compareTo(calendar));
  }
}
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS");
/*初始化*/
Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();

int year = cal.get(Calendar.YEAR);//年
int month = cal.get(Calendar.MONTH)+1;//月
int day = cal.get(Calendar.DATE);//日
int hour = cal.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);//时
int minute = cal.get(Calendar.MINUTE);//分
int second = cal.get(Calendar.SECOND);//秒
int weekday = cal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK);//星期   周日-周六对应1-7
int last = cal.getActualMaximum(cal.DAY_OF_MONTH); // 获取本月最大天数
int DAY_OF_YEAR = cal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);//今年的第几天
int DAY_OF_MONTH = cal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);//本月的第几天
System.out.println("现在是: "+year+" 年 "+month+" 月 "+day+
        " 日 "+hour+" 时 "+minute+" 分 "+second+" 秒 "+"
weekday: "+weekday
        +" 本月天数 :"+last+" 今年的第几天:"+DAY_OF_YEAR+" 本月第几天:"+DAY_OF_MONTH);

cal.set(2013, 5, 4, 13, 44, 51);//年月日时分秒（月份0代表1月）  ，毫秒不会自动清零
System.out.println(sdf.format(cal.getTime()));
cal.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0);//毫秒清零
System.out.println(sdf.format(cal.getTime()));
cal.set(Calendar.YEAR, 2014);//年
cal.set(Calendar.MONTH, 7);//月（月份0代表1月）
cal.set(Calendar.DATE, 11);//日
cal.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 15);//时
cal.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 33);//分
cal.set(Calendar.SECOND, 32);//秒
System.out.println(sdf.format(cal.getTime()));

cal.setTime(new Date());
System.out.println(sdf.format(cal.getTime()));

cal.add(Calendar.YEAR, 1);//年
cal.add(Calendar.MONTH, 1);//月
cal.add(Calendar.DATE, 1);//日
cal.add(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, -1);//时
cal.add(Calendar.MINUTE, 1);//分
cal.add(Calendar.SECOND, 1);//秒
System.out.println(sdf.format(cal.getTime()));

Calendar calendarNew = Calendar.getInstance();
calendarNew.add(Calendar.HOUR, -2);
   System.out.println("时间比较：" + calendarNew.compareTo(cal));